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HomeMy WebLinkAbout08222023 CC AgendaIn compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, if you need special assistance to participate in this meeting, please contact the office of the City Clerk (951) 694-6444. Notification 48 hours prior to a meeting will enable the City to make reasonable arrangements to ensure accessibility to that meeting [28 CFR 35.102.35.104 ADA Title 11]. AGENDA TEMECULA CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING COUNCIL CHAMBERS 41000 MAIN STREET TEMECULA, CALIFORNIA AUGUST 22, 2023 - 6:00 PM CLOSED SESSION - 5:00 PM CONFERENCE WITH REAL PROPERTY NEGOTIATORS. The City Council will meet in closed session pursuant to Government Code Section 54956.8 regarding the acquisition of certain property interests from the real property located at 39622 Leifer Road in the City of Temecula (APN 957-090-023). Specifically, the City seeks to acquire an approximate 31,168 square foot temporary construction easement with a term of 12 months, covenant authorizing the construction of certain permanent improvements in portions of that 31,168 square foot area. This acquisition is in connection with the proposed extension of Nicolas Road from its current termination at Calle Girasol easterly to Butterfield Stage Road, Project Number LD20-1114 ("Project"). The negotiating parties are the City of Temecula and the property owners Isaac G. Navejar and Isabel L. Navejar, as Co -Trustees of the Navejar Living Trust, U/A dated July 18, 2019. Negotiators for the City are Patrick Thomas and Ron Moreno. Under negotiations are price and terms of the acquisition of these property interests. CONFERENCE WITH LEGAL COUNSEL - PENDING LITIGATION. The City Council will meet in closed session with the City Attorney and Special Counsel pursuant to Government Code Section 54956.9(d)(1) with respect to two matters of pending litigation: 1) City of Temecula v Sohan Singh, et al. (Riverside Superior Court Case No. CVSW2303952); and 2) Solana Winchester, LLC, v. City of Temecula (Riverside Superior Court Case No. CVRI2304109). CALL TO ORDER: Mayor Zak Schwank PRELUDE MUSIC: Temecula Valley Youth Symphony INVOCATION: Pastor Steve Redden of Crosspoint Church Temecula FLAG SALUTE: Mayor Zak Schwank ROLL CALL: Alexander, Brown, Kalfus, Schwank, Stewart PRESENTATIONS Award of Recognition to Former Council Member Maryann Edwards Page 1 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 BOARD / COMMISSION REPORTS Community Services Commission and Race, Equity, Diversity and Inclusion Commission PUBLIC SAFETY REPORT County of Riverside, Riverside County Sheriffs Department PUBLIC COMMENTS - NON -AGENDA ITEMS A total of 30 minutes is provided for members of the public to address the City Council on matters not listed on the agenda. Each speaker is limited to 3 minutes. Public comments may be made in person at the meeting by submitting a speaker card to the City Clerk. Speaker cards will be called in the order received. Still images may be displayed on the projector. All other audio and visual use is prohibited. Public comments may also be submitted by email for inclusion into the record. Email comments must be received prior to the time the item is called for public comments and submitted to CouncilComments@temeculaca.gov. All public participation is governed by Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. CITY COUNCIL REPORTS Reports by the members of the City Council on matters not on the agenda will be made at this time. A total, not to exceed, ten minutes will be devoted to these reports. CONSENT CALENDAR All matters listed under Consent Calendar are considered to be routine and all will be enacted by one roll call vote. There will be no discussion of these items unless members of the City Council request specific items be removed from the Consent Calendar for separate action. A total of 30 minutes is provided for members of the public to address the City Council on matters on the Consent Calendar. Each speaker is limited to 3 minutes. Public comments may be made in person at the meeting by submitting a speaker card to the City Clerk. Speaker cards will be called in the order received. Still images maybe displayed on the projector. All other audio and visual use is prohibited. Public comments may also be submitted by email for inclusion into the record. Email comments must be received prior to the time the item is called for public comments and submitted to CouncilComments@temeculaca.gov. All public participation is governed by Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. 1. Waive Reading of Title and Text of All Ordinances and Resolutions Included in the Agenda Recommendation: That the City Council waive the reading of the title and text of all ordinances and resolutions included in the agenda. Attachments: Agenda Report 2. Approve Action Minutes of August 8, 2023 Recommendation Attachments That the City Council approve the action minutes of August 8, 2023. Action Minutes Page 2 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 3. Approve List of Demands 4. 5. Recommendation Attachments That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA ALLOWING CERTAIN CLAIMS AND DEMANDS AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT A Agenda Report Resolution List of Demands Approve City Treasurer's Report as of May 31, 2023 Recommendation: That the City Council approve and file the City Treasurer's Report as of May 31, 2023. Attachments: Agenda Report May Treasurer's Report Amend the Capital Improvement Program Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28 for Various Projects Recommendation: That the City Council: 1. Adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO AMEND THE CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEARS 2024-28 FOR VARIOUS PROJECTS 2. Approve an appropriation of $1,500,000 from Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee, from Western Riverside Council of Governments in Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements - Phase III project; and 3. Approve an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $200,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements - Phase III project; and 4. Approve an appropriation of $1,000,000 grant funding from California Page 3 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 State Assembly Bill 102 as amended in Senate on June 24, 2023 for Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the Ynez Road Improvements - Phase I project; and 5. Approve a fund Transfer of $1,000,000 of Development Impact Fee - Street Improvements from Ynez Road Improvements, Phase I to Fiscal Year 2025-26 of the Rancho California Road Median Improvements project; and 6. Approve a fund transfer of $594,524 from Fiscal Year 2023-24 of the Sidewalks - Citywide project to Fiscal Year 2023-24 of a separately established project, Sidewalks - Pauba Road; and 7. Approve an appropriation of $362,600 grant funding from California Senate Bill 821 for Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the Sidewalks - Pauba Road; and 8. Approve an appropriation of $200,000 grant funding from American Rescue Plan Act, signed into law March 11, 2021, through the County of Riverside for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project; and 9. Approve an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $100,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project. Attachments: Agenda Report Resolution Amended CIP Budget Sheets CIP Budget Amendment Summary 6. Approve Form of Rancho California Water District Recycled Water Agreements and Authorize the City Manager to Execute Said Agreements on Behalf of the City Recommendation: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA APPROVING THE FORM OF RECYCLED WATER AGREEMENTS AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE SAID AGREEMENTS ON BEHALF OF THE CITY Attachments: Agenda Report Resolution Agreement - City Version Agreement - Private Version Page 4 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 7. Approve First Amendment to the Agreement for On Call Services with Keyser Marston and Associates, Inc. 8. 9. Recommendation: AttaehmPntc That the City Council approve the first amendment to the agreement with Keyser Marston Associates, Inc., in the amount of $110,000, for a total agreement of $275,000, for on call services. Agenda Report Amendment Adopt Resolution to Approve the Administering Agency - State Agreement - Master Agreement No. 08-5459521 with the State of California, Department of Transportation Recommendation: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO APPROVE THE ADMINISTERING AGENCY - STATE AGREEMENT - MASTER AGREEMENT NO. 08-5459521 AND AUTHORIZE THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE AGREEMENT AND ALL PERTINENT PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT AGREEMENTS FOR STATE FUNDED PROJECTS Attachments: Agenda Report Resolution Master Agreement No. 08-5459521 Programpplement Agreement No. OOOOOA212 Program�Sgpplement Agreement No. OOOOOA213 Approve Increase to the Professional Services Contingency Authorization for the Margarita Recreation Center Project, PW 17-21 Recommendation: That the City Council: 1. Approve an increase to the contingency for professional services for the Margarita Recreation Center Project, PW 17-21 by $43,000; and 2. Increase the City Manager's authorized contingency by $43,000. Attachments: Agenda Report Project Description 10. Approve the Funding Agreement with the County of Riverside for the Michael "Mike" Naggar Park Dog Park Renovation Project, PW21-14 and Authorize the City Manager to Execute the Agreement Page 5 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 11. 12. Recommendation: That the City Council: 1. Approve the "Funding Agreement for City of Temecula Michael "Mike" Naggar Community Park Expansion Project" (Agreement) with the County of Riverside; and 2. Authorize the City Manager to execute the Agreement. Attachments: Agenda Report Funding_ Agreement Project Description Approve Specifications and Authorize Solicitation of Construction Bids for Citywide Slurry Seal Program - Fiscal Year 2022-23, PW23-16 Recommendation: That the City Council: 1. Approve the specifications and authorize the Department of Public Works to solicit construction bids for the Citywide Slurry Seal Program - Fiscal Year 2022-23, PW23-16; and 2. Make a finding that this project is exempt from CEQA per Article 19, Categorical Exemption, Section 15301, Existing Facilities, of the CEQA Guidelines. Attachments: Agenda Report Slurry Seal Street Name List Project Location Maps Accept Improvements and File the Notice of Completion for the Traffic Signal - Park and Ride Access Improvements, PW18-11 Recommendation: Attachments: That the City Council: 1. Accept the construction of the Traffic Signal - Park and Ride Access Improvements, PW18-11, as complete; and 2. Direct the City Clerk to file and record the Notice of Completion. Agenda Report Notice of Completion Project Description Project Map 13. Receive and File Temporary Street Closures for 2023 Autumnfest Events Recommendation: That the City Council receive and file the temporary closure of certain streets for the following 2023 Autumnfest events: Page 6 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 GOLDEN ERA RUNWAY SHOW NATIONAL EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS FAIR ARTFEST HEALTH & COMMUNITY RESOURCE FAIR CYCLE FOR HOPE GREEK FESTIVAL HALLOWEEN CARNIVAL VETERAN'S DAY PECHANGA PU'ESKA MOUNTAIN DAY Attachments: Agenda Report Exhibit A Exhibit B RECESS CITY COUNCIL MEETING TO SCHEDULED MEETINGS OF THE TEMECULA COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT, THE SUCCESSOR AGENCY TO THE TEMECULA REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY, THE TEMECULA HOUSING AUTHORITY, AND/OR THE TEMECULA PUBLIC FINANCING AUTHORITY Page 7 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 TEMECULA COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT MEETING CALL TO ORDER: President James Stewart ROLL CALL: Alexander, Brown, Kalfus, Schwank, Stewart CSD PUBLIC COMMENTS - NON -AGENDA ITEMS A total of 30 minutes is provided for members of the public to address the Board of Directors on matters not listed on the agenda. Each speaker is limited to 3 minutes. Public comments may be made in person at the meeting by submitting a speaker card to the City Clerk. Speaker cards will be called in the order received. Still images may be displayed on the projector. All other audio and visual use is prohibited. Public comments may also be submitted by email for inclusion into the record. Email comments must be received prior to the time the item is called for public comments and submitted to CouncilComments@temeculaca.gov. All public participation is governed by Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. CSD CONSENT CALENDAR All matters listed under Consent Calendar are considered to be routine and all will be enacted by one roll call vote. There will be no discussion of these items unless members of the Community Services District request specific items be removed from the Consent Calendar for separate action. A total of 30 minutes is provided for members of the public to address the Board of Directors on items that appear on the Consent Calendar. Each speaker is limited to 3 minutes. Public comments may be made in person at the meeting by submitting a speaker card to the City Clerk. Speaker cards will be called in the order received. Still images may be displayed on the projector. All other audio and visual use is prohibited. Public comments may also be submitted by email for inclusion into the record. Email comments must be received prior to the time the item is called for public comments and submitted to CouncilComments@temeculaca.gov. All public participation is governed by Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. 14. Approve Action Minutes of August 8, 2023 Recommendation: That the Board of Directors approve the action minutes of August 8, 2023. Attachments: Action Minutes 15. Approve Agreement with Titan Rental Group, Inc. for Event and Program Rental Items Recommendation: That the Board of Directors approve the agreement with Titan Rental Group, Inc. for event and program rental items. Attachments: Agenda Report Agreement 16. Approve Annexation of Tract Map Numbers 37341 and 37341-17, Within Sommers Bend, to Service Level B (Residential Street Lights) Rates and Charges Located on East Side of Butterfield Stage Road and North of Long Valley Wash) Page 8 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 Recommendation: That the Board of Directors adopt the following resolutions entitled: RESOLUTION NO. CSD A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE TEMECULA COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA, DECLARING INTENTION TO ANNEX PROPERTY (TRACT MAP 37341 AND 37341-17) TO SERVICE LEVEL B - RESIDENTIAL STREET LIGHTS AND TO LEVY ASSESSMENTS ON SUCH PROPERTY FOR FISCAL YEAR 2024-25, APPROVING THE ENGINEER'S REPORT, AND SETTING THE DATE, TIME AND PLACE OF A PUBLIC HEARING ON THE PROPOSED ANNEXATION AND ASSESSMENTS RESOLUTION NO. CSD A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE TEMECULA COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA, INITIATING PROCEEDINGS TO ANNEX PROPERTY (TRACT MAP 37341 AND 37341-17) TO SERVICE LEVEL B FOR FISCAL YEAR 2024-25 Attachments: Agenda Report Vicinity Maps - Tract Maps 37341 and 37341-17 Resolution of Intention Resolution of Initiatiating Proceedings Preliminary Annexation Engineer's Report CSD DIRECTOR OF COMMUNITY SERVICES REPORT CSD GENERAL MANAGER REPORT CSD BOARD OF DIRECTOR REPORTS CSD ADJOURNMENT The next regular meeting of the Temecula Community Services District will be held on Tuesday, September 12, 2023, at 4:30 p.m., for a Closed Session, with regular session commencing at 6:00 p.m., at the Council Chambers located at 41000 Main Street, Temecula, California. Page 9 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 SUCCESSOR AGENCY TO THE TEMECULA REDEVELOPMENT AGENCY - NO MEETING TEMECULA HOUSING AUTHORITY - NO MEETING TEMECULA PUBLIC FINANCING AUTHORITY - NO MEETING RECONVENE TEMECULA CITY COUNCIL PUBLIC HEARING Any person may submit written comments to the City Council before a public hearing or may appear and be heard in support of or in opposition to the approval of a project at the time of the hearing. If you challenge a project in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else raised at the public hearing or in written correspondence delivered to the City Clerk at or prior to the public hearing. For public hearings each speaker is limited to 5 minutes. Public comments may be made in person at the meeting by submitting a speaker card to the City Clerk or by submitting an email to be included into the record. Email comments must be submitted to CouncilComments@temeculaca.gov. Email comments on all matters, including those not on the agenda, must be received prior to the time the item is called for public comments. At public hearings involving land use matters, the property owner and/or applicant has the burden of proof and, therefore, shall be allowed 15 minutes for an initial presentation, and an additional 10 minutes for rebuttal by its development team following other comments on the matter. An appellant, other than the property owner and/or applicant, and the spokesperson for an organized group of residents residing within the noticed area of the property, which is the subject of the public hearing, shall be allowed 15 minutes to present the appellant's position to the Council. The Mayor may allow more time if required to provide due process for the property owner, applicant or appellant. All other members of the public may speak during the public hearing for a maximum period of 5 minutes each. Deferral of one speaker's time to another is not permitted. In the event of a large number of speakers, the Mayor may reduce the maximum time limit for members of the public to speak. All public participation is governed by the Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. 17. Introduce Ordinance Amending Titles 5, 8, and 17 of the Temecula Municipal Code, and Adopt a Resolution Setting the Fee for a Tobacco Shop Permit and Find that this Ordinance is Exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15061 (b)(3) Recommendation That the City Council: 1. Introduce and read by title only an ordinance entitled: ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA AMENDING TITLES 5, 8, AND 17 OF THE TEMECULA MUNICIPAL CODE TO (1) AMEND MASSAGE ESTABLISHMENT REGULATIONS, (2) ADD DEFINITIONS FOR TOBACCO SHOP, Page 10 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 TOBACCO SHOP PERMIT AND UPDATE DEFINITIONS OF TOBACCO PRODUCT AND TOBACCO PARAPHERNALIA, (3) IMPLEMENT A TOBACCO SHOP PERMIT PROGRAM TO INCLUDE STRUCTURAL AND OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, (4) UPDATE TOBACCO RETAILERS LICENSE PROCESSES, (5) AMEND REGULATIONS ON SMOKING IN HOTEL ROOMS, (6) REMOVE TOBACCO SHOP AS A CONDITIONALLY PERMITTED USE IN TABLE 17.08.030, (7) IMPLEMENT TOBACCO SHOP PERMIT REQUIREMENTS IN PLANNED DEVELOPMENT OVERLAY ZONING DESIGNATIONS 1 AND 4, AND (8) MAKE A FINDING THAT THIS ORDINANCE IS EXEMPT FROM THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT (CEQA) PURSUANT TO CEQA GUIDELINES SECTION 15061 (B)(3) 2. Adopt Resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA ESTABLISHING A TOBACCO SHOP PERMIT FEE Attachments: Agenda Report Ordinance Resolution Planning Commission Resolution No. 2023-14 Notice of Public Hearing Notice of Exemption DEPARTMENTAL REPORTS (RECEIVE AND FILE) 18. Community Development Department Monthly Report Attachments: Agenda Report Planning Activity Report 19. Fire Department Monthly Report Attachments: Agenda Report Monthly Report - July 20. Police Department Monthly Report Attachments: Agenda Report 21. Public Works Department Monthly Report Page 11 City Council Agenda August 22, 2023 Attachments: Agenda Report Project Status Report ITEMS FOR FUTURE CITY COUNCIL AGENDAS Any Council Member, including the Mayor, may request an item be placed on a future agenda. Any such request will be discussed under this section. In making the request, a Council Member may briefly describe the topic of the proposed agenda item and any timing associated with the placement of the item on the agenda. This description shall not exceed 3 minutes. No substantive discussion on the subject of the motion may occur. Items may only be placed on the agenda by Council Members pursuant to policy or by the City Manager based on administrative or operational needs of the City. Public comments on the placement of these agenda items shall be limited to a maximum of 30 minutes. Individual comments shall not exceed 3 minutes. All public participation is governed by the Council Policy regarding Public Participation at Meetings and Agenda Placements by Council Members adopted by Resolution No. 2021-54. CITY MANAGER REPORT CITY ATTORNEY REPORT ADJOURNMENT The next regular meeting of the City Council will be held on Tuesday, September 12, 2023, at 4:30 p.m., for a Closed Session, with regular session commencing at 6:00 p.m., at the Council Chambers located at 41000 Main Street, Temecula, California. 101311lei Do111110,1Doa".11014 The full agenda packet (including staff reports, public closed session information, and any supplemental material available after the original posting of the agenda), distributed to a majority of the City Council regarding any item on the agenda, will be available for public viewing in the main reception area of the Temecula Civic Center during normal business hours at least 72 hours prior to the meeting. The material will also be available on the City's website at TemeculaCa.gov. and available for review at the respective meeting. If you have questions regarding any item on the agenda, please contact the City Clerk's Department at (951) 694-6444. Page 12 Item No. 1 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Randi Johl, Director of Legislative Affairs/City Clerk DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Waive Reading of Title and Text of All Ordinances and Resolutions Included in the Agenda PREPARED BY: Randi Johl, Director of Legislative Affairs/City Clerk RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council waive the reading of the title and text of all ordinances and resolutions included in the agenda. BACKGROUND: The City of Temecula is a general law city formed under the laws of the State of California. With respect to adoption of ordinances and resolutions, the City adheres to the requirements set forth in the Government Code. In accordance with Government Code Section 34934, the title of each ordinance is included on the published agenda and a copy of the full ordinance has been available to the public online on the City's website and will be available in print at the meeting prior to the introduction or passage of the ordinance. Unless otherwise required, the full reading of the title and text of all ordinances and resolutions is waived. FISCAL IMPACT: None ATTACHMENTS: None Item No. 2 ACTION MINUTES TEMECULA CITY COUNCIL REGULAR MEETING COUNCIL CHAMBERS 41000 MAIN STREET TEMECULA, CALIFORNIA AUGUST 8, 2023 - 6:00 PM CALL TO ORDER at 6:00 PM: Mayor Zak Schwank PRELUDE MUSIC: Temecula Conservatory of Music INVOCATION: Chaplain Themba M. Mzizi of Riverside County Sheriffs Department FLAG SALUTE: Commissioner Robert Carter ROLL CALL: Alexander, Brown, Kalfus, Schwank, Stewart BOARD / COMMISSION REPORTS Traffic Safety Commission PUBLIC SAFETY REPORT County of Riverside, Fire Department (CAL FIRE) PUBLIC COMMENTS - NON -AGENDA ITEMS The following individual(s) addressed the City Council: • Brad Bohn • Supervisor Karen Spiegel CITY COUNCIL REPORTS CONSENT CALENDAR Unless otherwise indicated below, the following pertains to all items on the Consent Calendar. Approved the Staff Recommendation (5-0): Motion by Stewart, Second by Alexander. The vote reflected unanimous approval. 1. Waive Reading of Title and Text of All Ordinances and Resolutions Included in the Agenda Recommendation: That the City Council waive the reading of the title and text of all ordinances and resolutions included in the agenda. 2. Approve Action Minutes of July 25, 2023 Recommendation: That the City Council approve the action minutes of July 25, 2023. 3. Approve List of Demands Recommendation: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. 2023-69 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA ALLOWING CERTAIN CLAIMS AND DEMANDS AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT A 4. Receive Report Regarding Status of Upcoming Vacancies on Commissions Recommendation: That the City Council receive the report regarding the status of upcoming vacancies on Commissions. Receive and file only, no action. RECESS: At 6:16 PM, the City Council recessed and convened as the Temecula Community Services District and Temecula Public Financing Authority Meetings. At 6:18 PM the City Council resumed with the remainder of the City Council Agenda. RECONVENE TEMECULA CITY COUNCIL BUSINESS 7. Receive Report Regarding Senate Bill 329 Pertaining to City Council Compensation and Provide General Direction Regarding the Same (At the Request of Council Member Brown) Recommendation: That the City Council receive a report regarding Senate Bill 329 pertaining to City Council compensation and provide general direction regarding the same. Motion to bring ordinance to future meeting reflecting Council compensation adjustment from $600 to $1,900 per month (3-2): Motion by Brown, Second by Schwank. The vote reflected unanimous approval with Alexander and Stewart opposing. ITEMS FOR FUTURE CITY COUNCIL AGENDAS The City Council approved the placement of the following topic on a future agenda — Board and Commission Compensation. CITY MANAGER REPORT CITY ATTORNEY REPORT ADJOURNMENT At 6:32 PM, the City Council meeting was formally adjourned to Tuesday, August 22, 2023, at 4:30 PM for Closed Session, with regular session commencing at 6:00 PM, City Council Chambers, 41000 Main Street, Temecula, California. Adjourned in Memory of Assistant Chief Josh Bischof, Fire Captain Tim Rodriguez and Pilot Tony Sousa Zak Schwank, Mayor ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk [SEAL] Item No. 3 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Jennifer Hennessy, Director of Finance DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Approve List of Demands PREPARED BY: Pam Espinoza, Senior Accounting Technician RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA ALLOWING CERTAIN CLAIMS AND DEMANDS AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT A BACKGROUND: All claims and demands are reported and summarized for review and approval by the City Council on a routine basis at each City Council meeting. The attached claims represent the paid claims and demands since the last City Council meeting. FISCAL IMPACT: All claims and demands were paid from appropriated funds or authorized resources of the City and have been recorded in accordance with the City's policies and procedures. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Resolution 2. List of Demands RESOLUTION NO.2023- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA ALLOWING CERTAIN CLAIMS AND DEMANDS AS SET FORTH IN EXHIBIT A THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. That the following claims and demands as set forth in Exhibit A, on file in the office of the City Clerk, has been reviewed by the City Manager's Office and that the same are hereby allowed in the amount of $ 12,333,895.73. Section 2. The City Clerk shall certify the adoption of this resolution. PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Temecula this 22"d day of August, 2023. Zak Schwank, Mayor ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk [SEAL] STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ) ss CITY OF TEMECULA ) I, Randi Johl, City Clerk of the City of Temecula, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2023- was duly and regularly adopted by the City Council of the City of Temecula at a meeting thereof held on the 22"d day of August, 2023, by the following vote: AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Randi Johl, City Clerk CITY OF TEMECULA LIST OF DEMANDS 7/27/2023 - 8/3/2023 TOTAL CHECK RUN: 7/20/2023 TOTAL PAYROLL RUN: 11,401,787.30 932,108.43 TOTAL LIST OF DEMANDS FOR 08/22/2023 COUNCIL MEETING: g 12,333,895.73 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 1 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: union UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor 15052 6/12/2023 000246 PERS EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT 15085 7/6/2023 014486 VERIZON WIRELESS Description PERS RETIREMENT PAYMENT Amount Paid 2,175.35 5/16-6/15 11,384.24 CELLULAR/BROADBAND:CITYWIDE Grand total for UNION BANK: Check Total 2,175.35 11,384.24 13,559.59 Page:1 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 2 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 505185 7/27/2023 004240 AMERICAN FORENSIC NURSES DRUG/ALCOHOL ANALYSIS: TEM 343.94 343.94 AFN SHERIFF 505186 7/27/2023 021400 AYERS ELECTRIC INC ELECTRICAL REPAIRS: IWTCM: PW 500.00 ELECTRICAL REPAIRS: CRC 100.00 ELECTRICAL REPAIRS: OLD TOWN I 100.00 ELECTRICAL REPAIRS: OLD TOWN I 1,000.00 1,700.00 505187 7/27/2023 001323 BLUETRITON BRANDS INC, WATER DLVRY SVCS: HELP CTR 2.16 DBA READYREFRESH WATER DLVRY SVCS: FOC 178.90 181.06 505188 7/27/2023 022670 BROWN JAMAL DEON, DBA TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS 315.00 JDB TRAINING TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS 2,030.00 2,345.00 505189 7/27/2023 023248 CORTEZ GASTELUM, MARIA NEWSPAPER SUBSCRIPTION: MPSC: 118.75 118.75 VICTORIA TCSD 505190 7/27/2023 001393 DATATICKET INC, DBA JUN CITATIONS PROCESSING: POLICE 1,268.58 1,268.58 REVENUE EXPERTS 505191 7/27/2023 012217 DUDEK CONSULTANT SVCS: CITYWIDE 9,813.75 9,813.75 DRAINAGE PLAN 505192 7/27/2023 020904 ECONOMIC ALTERNATIVES INC BOILER HOT LOOP FILTER: CIVIC CTR 2,817.35 2,817.35 505193 7/27/2023 018098 ELITE CLAIMS MANAGEMENT JUN '23 3RD PARTY CLAIM ADMIN: WC 1,250.00 1,250.00 INC 505194 7/27/2023 014819 FLATIRON WEST INC 1-15/FV PKWY IMPROVEMENTS: PH II: 1,306,238.71 1,306,238.71 CIP 505195 7/27/2023 010028 GOFORTH & MART, DBA GM FURNITURE: BOOKSHELVES: LIBRARY 16,246.18 BUSINESS INTERIORS FURNITURE: BOOKSHELVES: LIBRA 14,582.87 30,829.05 505196 7/27/2023 004890 GOLDEN STATE FIRE FIRE INSPECTION REPAIR: CIVIC CTR 2,270.00 2,270.00 PROTECTION 505197 7/27/2023 017334 HOUSE OF AUTOMATION INC GARAGE DOOR REPAIR: CIVIC 476.44 CENTER GARAGE DOOR REPAIR: CIVIC CEN 760.60 1,237.04 505198 7/27/2023 006914 INNOVATIVE DOCUMENT JUN COPIER MAINT/REPAIR/USAGE: 4,850.90 SOLUTIONS CITYWIDE JUN COPIER MAI NT/REPAI R/U SAGE 379.91 5,230.81 505199 7/27/2023 000482 LEIGHTON CONSULTING INC Geotechnical Review for FORE Temecula 3,831.00 GEOTECH & MATERIALS TESTING E 410.60 4,241.60 Paget apChkLst Final Check List Page: 3 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 505200 7/27/2023 022664 MARIPOSA TREE TREE SVCS: S-24 ACACIS: PARKS 202.00 MANAGEMENT INC TREE SVCS: S-13 EMERGENCY: PAf 535.13 TREE SVCS: F-06 OLD TOWN: PARK 6,363.00 TREE SVCS: S-10 EMERGENCY: PAf 4,848.00 TREE SVCS: S-01 EMERGENCY: PAf 4,600.30 TREE SVCS: MEDIANS: PARKS 173.80 TREE SVCS: S-05 & S-24 EMERGEN, 4,136.60 TREE SVCS: S-12 EMERGENCY: PAf 3,176.25 TREE SVCS: S-10 PALM PRUNING: F 7,726.95 TREE SVCS: S-05 EMERGENCY: PAf 1,651.65 TREE SVCS: F-03 FOC: PARKS 1,107.75 TREE SVCS: S-13 PRESLEY SLOPE: 354.22 TREE SVCS: S-12 VINTAGE HILLS: P 3,801.75 38,677.40 505201 7/27/2023 018675 MDG ASSOCIATES INC JUN ADA LABOR COMPLIANCE: 151.26 PW22-08 JUN ADA LABOR COMPLIANCE SVC 1,415.76 JUN ADA LABOR COMPLIANCE: PW' 128.13 1,695.15 505202 7/27/2023 018314 MICHAEL BAKER CONSULT SVCS: I-15/79 INTRCHG 5,570.00 5,570.00 INTERNATIONAL 17-19 505203 7/27/2023 004951 MIKE'S PRECISION WELDING HAND RAIL REPAIRS: CRC: PW 3,880.00 3,880.00 INC 505204 7/27/2023 004043 MISSION ELECTRIC SUPPLY ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES: OLD TOWN 28.75 28.75 INC MAINT 505205 7/27/2023 022599 NIEVES LANDSCAPE INC LANDSCAPE MAINT SVCS: FIRE STA 84 191.71 LDSCP REPAIRS: SERENA HILLS: S- 900.00 IRRIGATION REPAIRS: DATE STREE 197.42 1,289.13 505206 7/27/2023 023204 OMB ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS CONSULTANT SVCS: STREETLIGHTS: 285.00 285.00 INC, SALAS OBRIEN PW22-17 505207 7/27/2023 005075 PRUDENTIAL OVERALL UNIFORM SVCS: STREETS: PW 52.44 SUPPLY UNIFORM SCS: PARKS MAINT: PW 4.62 57.06 Page:3 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 4 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor 505208 7/27/2023 002412 RICHARDS WATSON AND GERSHON 505209 7/27/2023 004274 SAFE AND SECURE LOCKSMITH SRVC 505210 7/27/2023 000519 SOUTH COUNTY PEST CONTROL INC (Continued) Description Amount Paid Check Total JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 1,291.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 1,268.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 12,643.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 2,597.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 5,876.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 430.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 2,407.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 147.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 4,929.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 76.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 5,251.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 287.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 59.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 1,207.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 7,728.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 142.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 8,569.80 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 1,913.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 2,001.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 5,018.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 206.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 3,331.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 3,331.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 678.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 635.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 265.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 69.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 2,162.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 5,220.50 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 531.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 6,506.40 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 59.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 2,150.00 88,988.70 LOCKSMITH SVCS: CIVIC CTR 46.13 46.13 PEST CONTROL SVCS: CRC 268.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: MARG SPLA 94.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: TES POOL 59.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: CRC 90.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: CRC IRRIGA 94.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: THEATER 90.00 PEST CONTROL SVCS: MARG SPLA 49.00 744.00 Page:4 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 5 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 505211 7/27/2023 006145 STENO SOLUTIONS JUN TRANSCRIPTION SVCS: TEM 105.84 105.84 TRANSCRIPTION, SRVCS INC SHERIFF 505212 7/27/2023 003849 TERRYBERRY COMPANY EMPLOYEE SERVICE RECOGNITION: 238.27 238.27 HR 505213 7/27/2023 016311 TIERCE, NICHOLAS GRAPHIC DESIGN SVCS: THEATER 6,420.00 6,420.00 505214 7/27/2023 014866 TWM ROOFING INC ROOF REPAIRS: JRC & CIVIC CENTER 19,345.00 19,345.00 505215 7/27/2023 023055 VAN OTTERLOO INC EQUIP REPAIR: STREET MAINT: PW 1,059.68 1,059.68 Grand total for EFT UNION BANK: 1,538,315.75 Page:5 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 6 07/25/2023 1:46:08PM CITY OF TEMECULA 33 checks in this report. Grand Total All Checks: 1,551,875.34 Page:6 apChkLst 07/27/2023 10:56:47AM Final Check List CITY OF TEMECULA Page: 1 Bank: union UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 212984 7/25/2023 013935 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TRAFFIC SIGNAL: RING ROAD: 3,400.47 3,400.47 EDISON CO PW21-15 212985 7/27/2023 003951 ALL AMERICAN ASPHALT CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT SVCS: 1,282,457.25 PAVMT REHAB CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT SVCS: PAV 418,285.00 1,700,742.25 212986 7/27/2023 017795 ALTA LANGUAGE SERVICES LANGUAGE SVCS: HR 132.00 132.00 INC 212987 7/27/2023 022888 ARAMARK SERVICES INC, DBA RFRSHMNTS SVCS: CIVIC CTR 113.74 113.74 ARAMARK REFRESHMENT 212988 7/27/2023 015592 BAMM PROMOTIONAL UNIFORMS: EMBROIDERY: CODE ENF 201.19 201.19 PRODUCTS INC 212989 7/27/2023 004262 BIO TOX LABORATORIES PHLEBOTOMY SERVICES: TEM 3,189.01 SHERIFF PHLEBOTOMY SERVICES: TEM SHERIFF 2,245.13 5,434.14 212990 7/27/2023 023447 BRIGHT PLANET SOLAR REFUND: PERMIT CANCELLED 133.92 133.92 212991 7/27/2023 023446 BUCKLIN, KIMBERLY REFUND: PERMITS CANCELLED 137.60 137.60 212992 7/27/2023 007794 CAL PASEO DEL SOL LLC REIMB: DIF FEES: MEADOWS 237,426.00 237,426.00 PKWY/PAUBA 212993 7/27/2023 021851 CALIF NEWSPAPERS LEGAL PUBLICATIONS: CITY CLERK 1,860.35 PARTNERSHIP, DBA SO CALIF NEWS GROUP LEGAL PUBLICATIONS: PW 1,009.66 2,870.01 212994 7/27/2023 023391 CLARK COUNTY, LAS VEGAS PRESENTATION: EMERGENCY 644.25 644.25 METROPOLITAN MANAGMENT 212995 7/27/2023 011922 CORELOGIC INC, DBA JUN SOFTWARE SUBSCRIPTION: 411.00 411.00 CORELOGIC SOLUTIONS CODE ENF 212996 7/27/2023 000864 CORONA CLAY COMPANY SPECIALTY MIX BRICKDUST: PARKS 4,825.31 4,825.31 212997 7/27/2023 012600 DAVID EVANS AND APR DSGN SVCS: DIAZ RD PROJ: 13,782.99 ASSOCIATES INC PW17-25 ENG SVCS: PICKLEBALL COURTS: PW21 10,025.50 MAY DSGN SVCS: DIAZ RD PROJ: PW17- 6,870.52 CONST SPPRT SVC: MPSC OUTDOOR R 1,225.50 CONST SUPPORT SVC: RECYCLED WTR 480.50 32,385.01 212998 7/27/2023 002990 DAVID TURCH AND JUN FEDERAL LOBBYING SVCS: CITY 5,500.00 5,500.00 ASSOCIATES MGR Page-1 apChkLst 07/27/2023 10:56:47AM Final Check List CITY OF TEMECULA Page: 2 Bank: union UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 212999 7/27/2023 022798 DS SERVICES OF AMERICA WATER DELIVERY: CMO 69.13 69.13 INC, SPARKLETTS 213000 7/27/2023 012066 GEOCON WEST INC GEOTECHNICAL REVIEW: ALTAIR 542.50 FAULT: PLNG GEOTECHNICAL REVIEW: ALTAIR FAULT: 514.50 1,057.00 213001 7/27/2023 019177 GOSCH FORD TEMECULA VEHICLE REPAIRS: STREET MAINT: 5,376.20 5,376.20 PW 213002 7/27/2023 000186 HANKS HARDWARE INC MISC MAINT SUPPLIES: CIVIC CTR 2,008.40 MISC HARDWARE SUPPLIES: FIRE DEPI 1,327.20 MAINT SUPPLIES: PARKS: PW 743.71 MAINT MAINT SUPPLIES: HARVESTON 609.45 HARDWARE SUPPLIES: LIBRARY 475.38 MISC HRDWR SUPPLIES: CODE ENFOR( 453.40 MISC MAINT SUPPLIES: OLD TOWN 209.94 MISC SMALL TOOLS & EQUIP: NPDES: P' 180.49 6,007.97 213003 7/27/2023 013749 HELIXSTORM INC IT INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT: INFO 2,250.00 2,250.00 TECH 213004 7/27/2023 013321 HESS, JOHN PAUL VIDEOGRAPHY SVCS: CITY MGR 957.50 957.50 213005 7/27/2023 003198 HOME DEPOT HARDWARE SUPPLIES: STREET 978.63 978.63 MAINT: PW 213006 7/27/2023 011049 HOSPICE OF THE VALLEYS SC CDBG REIMBURSEMENT: APR - JUN 997.14 997.14 '23 213007 7/27/2023 023448 IPERMITS REFUND: PERMITS: BLDG & SAFETY 987.04 987.04 213008 7/27/2023 001282 KNORR SYSTEMS INC POOL HEATER REBUILD: CRC 21,090.92 21,090.92 213009 7/27/2023 017118 KRACH BREE B, DBA EMPLOYEE RECOGNITION: NEW HIRE 54.38 TEMECULA TROPHY& DES EMPLOYEE RECOGNITION: AWARDS 53.29 107.67 213010 7/27/2023 019691 L C PAVING AND SEALING INC RET REL: CONCRETE REPAIRS: 16,943.82 16,943.82 PW22-01 213011 7/27/2023 003782 MAIN STREET SIGNS, DBA VARI SIGNS & SUPPLIES: PARKS: PW 115.82 115.82 ATHACO INC 213012 7/27/2023 023292 MGG TECHNOLOGIES INC HELP DESK TICKETING & ASSET MNG 1,058.00 1,058.00 SW: IT Paget apChkLst Final Check List Page: 3 07/27/2023 10:56:47AM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: union UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description 213013 7/27/2023 018099 NATIONAL SAFETY DOT TESTING: HR COMPLIANCE INC 213014 7/27/2023 022585 NORMAN A TRAUB & WORKPLACE INVESTIGATIONS: HR ASSOCIATES, LLC 213015 7/27/2023 000209 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS INC TOOL & EQUIP: STREET MAINT: PW 213016 7/27/2023 003964 OFFICE DEPOT BUSINESS SVS MISC OFC SUPPLIES: LAND DEV: PW DIV MISC OFC SUPPLIES: NPDES: PW MISC OFC SUPPLIES: CIP: PW MISC OFC SUPPLIES: NPDES: PW 213017 7/27/2023 003663 PECHANGA BAND OF MONITORING SVCS: I-15/FVP IMPRV: LUISENO, MISSION INDIANS PW16-01 213018 7/27/2023 022476 RICHERSON ANTHONY, BLINDS: FIRE STA73 BUDGET BLINDS OF TEMECULA 213019 7/27/2023 022715 RIVERSIDE CO PUBLIC JUN EMERG RADIO RENTALS: POLICE SAFETY, ENTERPRISE COMMUNICATION JUN EMERG RADIO RENTALS: CODE EN 213020 7/27/2023 000406 RIVERSIDE CO SHERIFFS 5/1-6/1 YOUTH COURT SVCS DEPT 213021 7/27/2023 001097 ROADLINE PRODUCTS INC TRAFFIC PAINT: STREET MAINT: PW 213022 7/27/2023 016778 ROW TRAFFIC SAFETY INC TYPE 1 BARRICADES: PARKS: PW 213023 7/27/2023 013911 SANTA ROSA PLATEAU FY 22/23 COMMUNITY SERVICE FOUNDATION, DBASANTA FUNDING ROSA PLATEAU 213024 7/27/2023 019250 ST FRANCIS ELECTRIC LLC ON -CALL TRAFFIC SIGNAL MAINT: TRAFFIC: P 213025 7/27/2023 019018 SUNRUN INSTALLATION REFUND: BLDG PERMITS: BLDG & SRVCSINC SAFETY 213026 7/27/2023 023445 T MOBILE WEST TOWER LLC REFUND: LEASE OVERPAYMENT 213027 7/27/2023 008379 THE THEATER FOUNDATION FY 22/23 COMMUNITY SERVICE FUNDING Amount Paid Check Total 407.80 407.80 6,815.00 6,815.00 890.79 890.79 100.30 78.28 30.44 13.23 222.25 16,943.60 16,943.60 4,227.81 4,227.81 1,893.31 388.35 2,281.66 274.16 274.16 4,452.19 4,452.19 2,925.61 2,925.61 5,000.00 5,000.00 8,020.76 8,020.76 1,473.60 1,473.60 144.48 144.48 33,750.00 33,750.00 Page3 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 4 07/27/2023 10:56:47AM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: union UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor 213028 7/27/2023 002702 USPS POC, ACCOUNT 8089685 213029 7/27/2023 014486 VERIZON WIRELESS 213030 7/27/2023 020670 WEBB MUNICIPAL FINANCE LLC 213031 7/27/2023 017366 WESTERN FLOORING, INC. (Continued) Description MAY'23 POSTAGE METER DEPOSIT JUN '23 POSTAGE METER DEPOSIT 6/11-7/10 TASK FORCE TABLETS: POLICE PROF SVCS: TEMECULA COMM MAILING: PW REFINISH FLOOR: CRC: PW Amount Paid Check Total 4,995.14 1,355.24 6,350.38 462.35 462.35 2,069.59 2,069.59 4,308.20 4,308.20 Grand total for UNION BANK: 2,153,373.96 Page:4 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 5 07/27/2023 10:56:47AM CITY OF TEMECULA 48 checks in this report. Grand Total All Checks: 2,153,373.96 Page:5 apChkLst 08/01/2023 5:24:48PM Final Check List CITY OF TEMECULA Page: 1 Bank : union UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 15086 7/11/2023 021434 MATRIX TELECOM LLC DBA JUN 800 SERVICES: CIVIC CENTER 67.50 67.50 LINGO 15087 7/14/2023 000262 RANCHO CALIF WATER VARIOUS WATER JUN BATCH 1 52,368.39 52,368.39 DISTRICT Grand total for UNION BANK: 52,435.89 Page:1 apChkLst 08/01/2023 5:24:48PM Final Check List CITY OF TEMECULA Page: 2 Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 505216 8/3/2023 023335 ASTER CONSTRUCTION, CONST CONTRACT SVCS: MPSC 24,656.06 24,656.06 SERVICES INC OUTDOOR REC AR 505217 8/3/2023 004248 CALIF DEPT OF JUSTICE JUN FINGERPRINTING SVCS: POLICE 2,281.00 ACCTING JUN FINGERPRINTING SVCS: TCSD 2,220.00 JUN BLOOD & ALCOHOL ANALYSIS: 1,295.00 JUN FINGERPRINTING SVCS: HR 196.00 5,992.00 505218 8/3/2023 022790 CLEARSTAR INC PRE -EMPLOYMENT SCREENINGS: HR 811.71 PRE -EMPLOYMENT SCREENINGS: F 330.72 1,142.43 505219 8/3/2023 011870 CRIME SCENE STERI CLEAN BIO-HAZARD CLEANUP: TEM SHERIFF 850.00 850.00 LLC 505220 8/3/2023 020648 DG INVESTMENT HOLDINGS 2 CITY SECURITY CAMERA SYST: 61,925.41 61,925.41 INC, CONVERGINT FRIENDSHIP PA TECHNOLOGIES 505221 8/3/2023 012217 DUDEK CONSTRUCTION MGT SVCS: MPSC: 20,880.00 20,880.00 PW20-13 505222 8/3/2023 014865 FREIZE UHLER KIMBERLY DBA, PROMOTIONAL ITEMS: SPEC EVENTS: 567.75 567.75 CLEAR BLUE PROMOTIONS FIRE 505223 8/3/2023 021365 GEORGE HILLS COMPANY INC SUBROGATION RECOVERY FEE: RISK 1,750.00 1,750.00 MGMT 505224 8/3/2023 015534 GOVERNMENT JOBS.COM INC, REGIST: NEOGOV CONFERENCE: HR 3,972.00 3,972.00 DBA NEOGOV 505225 8/3/2023 006914 INNOVATIVE DOCUMENT COLOR COPIER: WELCOME CENTER: 2,115.51 2,115.51 SOLUTIONS INFO TECH 505226 8/3/2023 022671 JFL ELECTRIC INC CNSTRCTN CONTRACT SVCS: FIBER 7,461.14 7,461.14 OPTIC SYS 505227 8/3/2023 004905 LIEBERT CASSIDY AND JUN HR LEGAL SVCS FOR TE060-00001 892.50 892.50 WHITMORE 505228 8/3/2023 022664 MARIPOSA TREE TREE SVCS: M-13 REDHAWK PARKWAY 34,843.61 34,843.61 MANAGEMENT INC 505229 8/3/2023 021370 MARK THOMAS AND COMPANY JUN DSGN CONSULTANT SVCS: 7,147.50 7,147.50 INC CHERRY ST EXT 505230 8/3/2023 004040 MORAMARCO ANTHONY J, 2ND SAT ART ROOM ACTIVITY: TVM 400.00 400.00 DBA BIGFOOT GRAPHICS Paget apChkLst Final Check List Page: 3 08/01/2023 5:24:48PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: eunion EFT UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor 505231 8/3/2023 002412 RICHARDS WATSON AND GERSHON 505232 8/3/2023 005329 SAFE FAMILY JUSTICE CENTERS (Continued) Description Amount Paid Check Total JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 24,912.03 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 20,968.56 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 20,678.83 NOV 2022 LEGAL SERVICES 7,300.90 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 6,809.87 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 1,317.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 531.00 JUN 2023 LEGAL SERVICES 299.00 82,817.19 FY 2022-23 CDBG Subrecipient 3,719.82 3,719.82 505233 8/3/2023 023341 SMER RESEARCH 1 LLC JUN SOLAR GENERATION: VARI 29,832.69 LOCATIONS 505234 8/3/2023 020545 SOCIAL WORK ACTION GROUP JUN HOMELESS/STREET OUTREACH: 32,848.75 TCSD JUN BRIDGE HOUSING/CDBG -CV: T 9,166.67 505235 8/3/2023 000519 SOUTH COUNTY PEST PEST CONTROL SVCS: RYCREST & 94.00 CONTROL INC VAILBROOK 505236 8/3/2023 010046 TV CONVENTION &VISITORS MAY'23 BUS. IMPRV DISTRICT ASMNTS 228,300.47 BUREAU, DBA VISIT TEMECULA VALLEY 505237 8/3/2023 020399 VOICES FOR CHILDREN CDBG REIMBURSEMENT: APR-MAR'23 871.02 505238 8/3/2023 020275 WALLACE & ASSOC JUN CONSTRUCTION MGMT SVCS: 378.00 CONSULTING LLC, ANSER PW18-05 ADVISORY MNGMT LLC Grand total for EFT UNION BANK: 29,832.69 42,015.42 94.00 228.300.47 871.02 378.00 562,624.52 Page:3 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 4 08/01/2023 5:24:48PM CITY OF TEMECULA 25 checks in this report. Grand Total All Checks: 615,060.41 Page:4 apChkLst 08/03/2023 2:21:31PM Final Check List CITY OF TEMECULA Page: 1 Bank: union UNION BANK Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 213032 8/3/2023 000101 APPLEONE INC, DBA JUN TEMP HELP: COMM DEV 3,472.56 3,472.56 APPLEONE 213033 8/3/2023 021689 ASCENT ENVIRONMENTAL INC SEIR: TEM VLY HOSPITAL: PA22-0105 430.00 430.00 213034 8/3/2023 004262 BIO TOX LABORATORIES PHLEBOTOMY SERVICES: TEM 51.55 51.55 SHERIFF 213035 8/3/2023 003048 BOYS AND GIRLS CLUB, OF CDBG FY 2022-23 Subrecipient Before 7,226.00 7,226.00 SOUTHWEST COUNTY and 213036 8/3/2023 005970 BUTTERFIELD STAGE FY 22/23 COMMUNITY SERVICE 12,000.00 12,000.00 PLAYERS, DBA TEMECULA FUNDING VALLEY 213037 8/3/2023 021851 CALIF NEWSPAPERS LEGAL PUBLICATION NOTICES: 2,330.82 2,330.82 PARTNERSHIP, DBA SO CALIF PLANNING NEWS GROUP 213038 8/3/2023 009640 CERTIFION CORP DBA JUN ONLINE DATABASE SUBSCR: 200.00 200.00 ENTERSECT POLICE 213039 8/3/2023 016530 COMMUNITY MISSION OF CDBG REIMBURSEMENT: JUL'22 - JUN 7,226.00 7,226.00 HOPE '23 213040 8/3/2023 008943 DEPT OF GENERAL SERVICES APPEALS: CITY CLERK 7,751.25 DGS APPEALS: CITY CLERK 3,644.00 APPEALS: CITY CLERK 810.50 APPEALS: CITY CLERK 16,246.50 28,452.25 213041 8/3/2023 000164 ESGIL LLC MAY PLAN CK SVCS: COMDEV 18,646.32 18,646.32 213042 8/3/2023 015330 FAIR HOUSING COUNCIL, OF JUN SUB -RECIPIENT: FAIR HOUSING 1,502.71 1,502.71 RIVERSIDE COUNTY INC SVCS 213043 8/3/2023 019469 FALCON ENGINEERING CNSTCTN MGMT SVCS: I-15/FVP 345,539.32 345,539.32 SERVICES IMPROV PH II 213044 8/3/2023 020474 JULIE NGO AGENCY TEM GRANT PRGM: COMM 10,000.00 10,000.00 REINVESTMENT 213045 8/3/2023 002187 LAKE ELSINORE ANIMAL JUN ANIMAL CONTROL SVCS: 10,500.00 10,500.00 FRIENDS, DBAANIMAL TEMECULA FRIENDS OF Page:1 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 2 08/03/2023 2:21:31PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: union UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 213046 8/3/2023 005690 MICHELLES PLACE CANCER, FY 22/23 COMMUNITY SERVICE 18,000.00 18,000.00 RESOURCE CENTER FUNDING 213047 8/3/2023 007409 OLD TOWN DINING LLC TEM GRANT PRGM: COMM 10,000.00 10,000.00 REINVESTMENT 213048 8/3/2023 020127 QUINN COMPANY GENERATOR MAINT: STA73: FIRE 558.87 GENERATOR MAINT: STA92: FIRE 558.87 GENERATOR MAINT: STA84: FIRE 558.87 1,676.61 213049 8/3/2023 000418 RIVERSIDE CO CLERK AND, CEQA FILINGS: CIP: PW18-16 50.00 50.00 RECORDER 213050 8/3/2023 014027 RIVERSIDE CO ECO DEV STAFFING: LIBRARY 34,580.00 34,580.00 AGENCY, LIBRARY DIV 213051 8/3/2023 000406 RIVERSIDE CO SHERIFFS 06/01/23-06/30/23 LAW ENFORCEMENT 3,146,725.63 DEPT 05/04-05/31 LAW ENFORCEMENT 2,887,103.01 6,033,828.64 213052 8/3/2023 008910 ROSENSTEIN & ASSOCIATES TEM GRANT PRGM: COMM 10,000.00 10,000.00 APLC REINVESTMENT 213053 8/3/2023 019997 SPURLOCK LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURAL SVCS: TOC-231: 850.00 850.00 ARCHITECTS PLNG 213054 8/3/2023 017814 STC TRAFFIC INC TRAFFIC ENG SVCS: CITYWIDE 10,013.00 SIGNAL REVIEW TRAFFIC ENG SVCS: SUPPORT SVC 2,625.00 TRAFFIC ENG SVCS: SUPPORT SVC 750.00 13,388.00 213055 8/3/2023 023221 SWCA INCORPORATED CONSULT SVCS: WILDFIRE 8,901.75 8,901.75 PROTECTION PLAN 213056 8/3/2023 003599 T Y LIN INTERNATIONAL JUN CONSULTING SVCS: FV 779.35 779.35 PKWY/I-15: PH II 213057 8/3/2023 000919 TEMECULA VALLEY UNIFIED FY22/23 JOINT USE FIELD RENO 25,617.12 25,617.12 SCHOOL, DISTRICT AGRMNT PMT 213058 8/3/2023 004124 TRUELINE CONSTRUCTION TENNIS COURT MAINT: TV HIGH 70,152.84 70,152.84 AND, SURFACING INC SCHOOL: PARK 213059 8/3/2023 014866 TWM ROOFING INC ROOF REPAIRS: JRC & CIVIC CENTER 19,345.00 19,345.00 213060 8/3/2023 020670 WEBB MUNICIPAL FINANCE SPECIAL TAXADMIN FY 22/23 4TH QTR 11,441.05 LLC SPECIAL TAX ADMIN: TCSD SRVC LE 10,083.38 21,524.43 Paget apChkLst Final Check List Page: 3 08/03/2023 2:21:31PM CITY OF TEMECULA Bank: union UNION BANK (Continued) Check # Date Vendor Description Amount Paid Check Total 213061 8/3/2023 000339 WEST PUBLISHING JUN CLEAR SUBSCRIPTION: TEM 1,179.86 1,179.86 CORPORATION, DBATHOMSON SHERIFF REUTERS Grand total for UNION BANK: 6,717,451.13 Page:3 apChkLst Final Check List Page: 4 08/03/2023 2:21:31PM CITY OF TEMECULA 30 checks in this report. Grand Total All Checks: 6,717,451.13 Page:4 Check# Check Date Vendor# Vendor Description Invoice Net 600006 07/27/2023 2238 79 FIELD HOCKEY INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $724.50 300024 08/03/2023 1411 AB MAILING SOLUTIONS MAILING SVCS: THEATER BROCHURE: TCSD $4,413.11 600020 08/03/2023 1512 ALLEGRO MUSICAL VENTURES PIANO SVCS:THEATER:TCSD $380.00 600021 08/03/2023 2233 ANN M HOWELL GRAPHIC DESIGN SVCS: ECO DEV $85.00 600007 07/27/2023 1805 AQUA CHILL OF SAN DIEGO DRINKING WATER SRVCS:IT $28.55 600008 07/27/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,821.70 600008 07/27/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,362.20 600008 07/27/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $300.30 600022 08/03/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,720.90 600022 08/03/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,913.56 600022 08/03/2023 1980 B G P RECREATION INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $273.00 300005 07/27/2023 1383 BALLET FOLKLORICO TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $150.00 600009 07/27/2023 3122 BEARD, RYAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,764.00 600023 08/03/2023 3122 BEARD, RYAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,690.50 600023 08/03/2023 3122 BEARD, RYAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,764.00 300025 08/03/2023 2935 BETTS, KENNETH TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $700.00 300025 08/03/2023 2935 BETTS, KENNETH TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $700.00 600010 07/27/2023 2541 BRIGHTON HILL ACADEMY SPORTS & LEARNING ACADEMY TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,960.00 600024 08/03/2023 2541 BRIGHTON HILL ACADEMY SPORTS & LEARNING ACADEMY TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,764.00 600011 07/27/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,566.25 600011 07/27/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,449.00 600011 07/27/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,071.00 600011 07/27/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,837.50 600025 08/03/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,260.00 600025 08/03/2023 2622 BROWN JAMAL DEON TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,100.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,680.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $627.20 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $588.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $735.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $686.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,008.00 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,243.20 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $621.60 600027 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $336.00 600027 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $362.60 600027 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $358.40 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $448.00 600027 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $327.04 600026 08/03/2023 2836 BRYANT, ROBERT TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,576.00 300026 08/03/2023 3178 CARDOSO DENYS CA PERF: CULTURE DAY: 07/07/23 $500.00 300006 07/27/2023 1280 CDW LLC MISC SMALL TOOLS& EQUIP:IT $82.05 600012 07/27/2023 1280 CDW LLC MISC SMALL TOOLS& EQUIP:IT $384.98 300007 07/27/2023 3138 CHING-YUN HU DEPOSIT FOR PERFORMACE $2,750.00 600028 08/03/2023 2030 CIVICPLUS LLC RECREATION MNG SOFTWARE:TCSD $32,201.34 600029 08/03/2023 1771 COSSOU, CELINE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,487.50 600029 08/03/2023 1771 COSSOU, CELINE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,100.00 300008 07/27/2023 1268 COSTCO TEMECULA 491 MISCSUPPLIES: MRC, MPSC & SFSP $380.79 300008 07/27/2023 1268 COSTCOTEMECULA491 MISC SUPPLIES: SFSP $1,017.58 300008 07/27/2023 1268 COSTCO TEMECULA 491 MISC SUPPLIES: SFSP $1,333.77 300027 08/03/2023 1268 COSTCOTEMECULA 491 MISCSUPPLIES: MRC MPSC & SFSP $1,617.35 600013 07/27/2023 2004 COX, KRISTI LYN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $75.00 600014 07/27/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: PARK MAINT: PW $2,110.25 600030 08/03/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: STREETS: PW $1,409.97 600030 08/03/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: PARK MAINT $2,542.23 600030 08/03/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: TCSD $557.84 600030 08/03/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: INFO TECH $93.77 600030 08/03/2023 1254 DOWNS ENERGY FUEL FUEL FOR CITY VEHICLES: STREET MAINT $1,756.63 600031 08/03/2023 1243 ECALDRE MANALILI DE VILLA AILEEN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $150.00 300028 08/03/2023 3210 EMH SPORTS USA INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,730.00 300028 08/03/2023 3210 EMH SPORTS USA INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,240.00 300028 08/03/2023 3210 EMH SPORTS USA INC TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $3,360.00 300029 08/03/2023 1703 FAITH AUTO GLASS & TINTING WINDOWSHIELD REPAIR: HUMAN SVCS VAN $340.29 300030 08/03/2023 1005 FEDERAL EXPRESS INC EXPRESS MAIL SVCS: THEATER: TCSD $13.85 600032 08/03/2023 1219 FINE ARTS NETWORK TICKET SALES ADVANCE: LITTLE MERMAID $17,000.00 600033 08/03/2023 1219 FINE ARTS NETWORK THEATRE CO, AND BALLET THEATER STTLMNT: DISNEY'S LITTLE MERMAID $2,608.71 300009 07/27/2023 1497 FULL COMPASS SYSTEMS SOUND/LIGHTING SUPPLIES:THEATER:TCSD $768.05 300010 07/27/2023 2239 GRANICUS LLC AGENDA MGMT RENEWAL: CITY CLERK $64,428.34 300011 07/27/2023 1791 HELIXSTORM INC SECURITY SYSTEM SWITCHES SUPPORT: IT $14,270.00 600015 07/27/2023 1585 1 P C INDUSTRIES INC GOLF CART RENTALS: TCSD $2,572.10 600015 07/27/2023 1585 1 P C INDUSTRIES INC GOLF CART RENTALS: TCSD $978.75 300031 08/03/2023 2076 ICMA MEMBERSHIP RENEWAL CITY MGR OFC $1,200.00 300013 07/27/2023 1934 MID AMERICA ARTS ALLIANCE TVM EXHIBIT: WALKING IN ANTARTICA $5,250.00 600016 07/27/2023 1241 MISSION ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES: CITY HALL: PW $114.19 600016 07/27/2023 1241 MISSION ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES: LIBRARY: PW $67.21 600016 07/27/2023 1241 MISSION ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES: CRC: PW $249.04 600034 08/03/2023 1241 MISSION ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES: SENIOR CENTER: PW $23.84 600017 07/27/2023 1118 MIYAMOTO JURKOSKY SUSAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $318.50 600035 08/03/2023 1118 MIYAMOTO JURKOSKY SUSAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $364.00 600035 08/03/2023 1118 MIYAMOTO JURKOSKY SUSAN TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $364.00 600036 08/03/2023 1240 MORAMARCO ANTHONYJ TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $500.00 600036 08/03/2023 1240 MORAMARCO ANTHONYJ TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,522.63 600036 08/03/2023 1240 MORAMARCO ANTHONYJ TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,658.25 600036 08/03/2023 1240 MORAMARCO ANTHONYJ TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,519.00 600036 08/03/2023 1240 MORAMARCO ANTHONYJ TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $500.00 300013 07/27/2023 1375 NORTH JEFFERSON BUSINESS PARK JUL-SEP'23 ASSN DUES 8329 #17: FV $531.43 300013 07/27/2023 1375 NORTH JEFFERSON BUSINESS PARK JUL-SEP ASSN DUES 8358 #20: FV $722.04 300013 07/27/2023 1375 NORTH JEFFERSON BUSINESS PARK JUL-SEP'23 ASSN DUES 1810 #16: fv $571.82 300013 07/27/2023 1375 NORTH JEFFERSON BUSINESS PARK JUL-SEP'23 ASSN DUES 0155 #19: FV $694.58 300014 07/27/2023 1835 PROQUEST LLC ANCESTRY SOFTWARE RENEWAL:LIBRARY $1,262.58 300015 07/27/2023 1134 RANCHO CALIF BUS PK ASSOC JUL SEP BUS PK ASSN DUE DIAZ RD $2,236.38 300015 07/27/2023 1134 RANCHO CALIF BUS PK ASSOC JUL SEP BUS PK ASSN DUE FOC $2,027.49 300015 07/27/2023 1134 RANCHO CALIF BUS PK ASSOC JUL SEP BUS PK ASSN DUE DIAZ RD $2,457.55 300032 08/03/2023 2431 EMPLOYEE # 00590 TEAM PACE PRIZE CLAIM: FINANCE $196.26 600037 08/03/2023 2008 SARNOWSKI SHAWNA M PRESTON PHOTOGRAPHY SVCS: MUSEUM/ACE $275.00 600037 08/03/2023 2008 SARNOWSKI SHAWNA M PRESTON PHOTOGRAPHY SVCS: MUSEUM/ACE $275.00 600037 08/03/2023 2008 SARNOWSKI SHAWNA M PRESTON PHOTOGRAPHY SVCS: SPECIAL EVENTS $400.00 300016 07/27/2023 1168 SEA WORLD OF CALIFORNIA SUMMER DAY CAMP EXCURSION: TCSD $3,058.30 600038 08/03/2023 1780 SILVERMAN ENTERPRISES INC SECURITY: SPECIAL EVENTS: TCSD $5,731.50 600018 07/27/2023 1061 SMART AND FINAL INC MISC SUPPLIES: MPSC: TCSD $352.45 600018 07/27/2023 1061 SMART AND FINAL INC MISC SUPPLIES: SFSP: TCSD $285.75 600039 08/03/2023 1061 SMART AND FINAL INC MISC SUPPLIES: SFSP: TCSD $262.58 600039 08/03/2023 1061 SMART AND FINAL INC MISC SUPPLIES: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $183.48 300019 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA RFRSHMNTS: CRC: TCSD $285.35 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $198.64 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $175.85 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $185.94 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $172.34 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $159.25 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $76.56 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $215.06 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $181.18 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $58.61 300018 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $67.74 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $69.34 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $146.62 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $150.93 300017 07/27/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: WORKFORCE DEV: TCSD $206.59 300033 08/03/2023 1028 STADIUM PIZZA INC RFRSHMNTS: AQUATICS: TCSD $525.83 300034 08/03/2023 1452 STAPLES BUSINESS CREDIT MISC OFC SUPPLIES: OPERATIONS: TCSD $225.38 300035 08/03/2023 1495 STURDIVANT, ANGELA P TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $2,352.00 300020 07/27/2023 1453 SUNBELT RENTALS INC LIGHT TOWER/ POWER RENTALS: TCSD $3,288.01 300036 08/03/2023 1453 SUNBELT RENTALS INC LIGHT TOWER/ POWER RENTALS: TCSD $11,761.57 300037 08/03/2023 3179 TEMECULA AUTO GLASS INC WINDSHIELD INSTALL: STREET MAINT: PW $560.31 600040 08/03/2023 1063 TIMMY D PRODUCTIONS INC DJ SVCS: CULTURE DAYS AND ART NIGHTS MUSIC $850.00 600040 08/03/2023 1063 TIMMY D PRODUCTIONS INC DJ/MC/SOUND SERVICES: SPECIAL EVENTS $1,000.00 600040 08/03/2023 1063 TIMMY D PRODUCTIONS INC DJ/MC/SOUND SERVICES: SPECIAL EVENTS $45,012.00 600041 08/03/2023 2421 TITAN RENTALS GROUP INC TITAN RENTALS: CANOPIES & EQUIPMENT: SPECIAL EVENI $4,076.86 600041 08/03/2023 2421 TITAN RENTALS GROUP INC TITAN RENTALS: CANOPIES & EQUIPMENT: SPECIAL EVENI $4,974.65 600019 07/27/2023 2089 TNT ENTERTAINMENT GROUP LLC DJ/MC/SOUND SERVICES: TCSD $4,300.00 600042 08/03/2023 2410 EMPLOYEE # 00534 REIMB: TEAM PACE $139.84 300038 08/03/2023 2827 TRANSPORTATION CHARTER SRVS SDC TRANSPORTATION 7/6/23 $4,851.54 600043 08/03/2023 2142 URBANE CAFE RFRSHMNTS: TVM/ACE EVENTS $308.19 600043 08/03/2023 2142 URBANE CAFE RFRSHMNTS: WORKSHOPS: TVE2 $265.23 600043 08/03/2023 2142 URBANE CAFE REFRESHMNTS: MEETINGS: TVE2 $188.68 600044 08/03/2023 2077 VILLANUEVA, CHRISTOPHER TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,417.50 600044 08/03/2023 2077 VILLANUEVA, CHRISTOPHER TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,512.00 600044 08/03/2023 2077 VILLANUEVA, CHRISTOPHER TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,134.00 600044 08/03/2023 2077 VILLANUEVA, CHRISTOPHER TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $850.50 600045 08/03/2023 2034 WADDLETON, JEFFREY L TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $1,059.10 600045 08/03/2023 2034 WADDLETON, JEFFREY L DJ/MC: SPECIAL EVENTS: TCSD $525.00 300021 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $576.22 300021 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $152.26 300021 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $58.33 300022 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $684.12 300021 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: RESPONSIBLE COMPASSION: TCSD $483.44 300021 07/27/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: WORKFORCE DEV PROGRAM: TCSD $376.12 300039 08/03/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $635.51 300039 08/03/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $26.46 300039 08/03/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $386.78 300039 08/03/2023 1439 WALMART MISC SUPPLIES: CRC: TCSD $814.93 300023 07/27/2023 2069 WONDER SCIENCE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $4,816.00 300023 07/27/2023 2069 WONDER SCIENCE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $4,620.00 300023 07/27/2023 2069 WONDER SCIENCE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $4,732.00 300040 08/03/2023 2069 WONDER SCIENCE TCSD INSTRUCTOR EARNINGS $4,704.00 Total Munis $364,026.46 Item No. 4 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Jennifer Hennessy, Director of Finance DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Approve City Treasurer's Report as of May 31, 2023 PREPARED BY: Jordan Snider, Senior Accountant RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council approve and file the City Treasurer's Report as of May 31, 2023. BACKGROUND: Government Code Sections 53646 and 41004 require reports to the City Council regarding the City's investment portfolio, receipts, and disbursements respectively. Adequate funds will be available to meet budgeted and actual expenditures of the City for the next six months. Current market values are derived from the Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) reports, Union Bank of California trust and custody statements, and from US Bank trust statements. Attached is the City Treasurer's Report that provides this information. The City's investment portfolio is in compliance with the statement of investment policy and Government Code Sections 53601 and 53635 as of as of May 31, 2023. FISCAL IMPACT: None ATTACHMENTS: City Treasurer's Report as of May 31, 2023 'tll LLJ149 Investments City of Temecula Portfolio Managment Treasury Report 41000 Main Street Portfolio Management Temecula, 92590 g (951)694-6430 Portfolio Summary May 31, 2023 Par Market Book % of Days to YTM YTM Value Value Value Portfolio Term Maturity 360 Equiv. 365 Equiv. Managed Pool Accounts 34,223,086.64 34,223,086.64 34,223,086.64 16.52 1 1 4.051 4.108 Letter of Credit 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.00 1 1 0.000 0.000 Trust Accounts 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 6.83 1 1 0.533 0.540 Local Agency Investment Funds 102,553,388.43 101,169,976.97 102,553,388.43 49.52 1 1 0.249 0.252 Money Market 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 3.34 1 1 2.091 2.120 Medium Term Notes 12,000,000.00 11,673,170.00 11,638,260.00 5.62 717 490 4.691 4.756 Federal Agency Callable Securities 17,000,000.00 15,569,730.00 16,997,500.00 8.21 1,590 868 0.723 0.733 Treasury Coupon Securities 15,000,000.00 14,763,620.00 14,705,937.51 7.10 493 286 4.415 4.476 Federal Agency Bullet Securities 5,000,000.00 4,892,550.00 4,945,480.00 2.39 898 191 1.969 1.996 Supranational 1,000,000.00 981,030.00 985,430.00 0.48 634 396 4.069 4.126 207,830,457.66 204,327,146.20 207,103,065.17 100.00% 231 126 1.601 1.624 Investments Cash Passbook/Checking 27,993,101.78 27,993,101.78 27,993,101.78 1 1 0.000 0.000 (not included in yield calculations) Total Cash and Investments 235,823,559.44 232,320,247.98 235,096,166.95 231 126 1.601 1.624 Total Earnings Current Year Average Daily Balance Effective Rate of Return May 31 Month Ending 223,286.75 215,386,448.40 1.22% Fiscal Year To Date 2,019,032.45 217,774,984.78 1.01 % Reporting period 05/01/2023-05/31/2023 Portfolio TEME Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 NL! CP Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 PM (PRF_PM1) 7.3.0 Report Ver. 7.3.6.1 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 1 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to Maturity CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Date Managed Pool Accounts 233358001-6 01-2 BOND F First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 57.11 57.11 57.11 4.920 4.853 4.920 1 233358006-6 01-2 REF RES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 503,823.01 503,823.01 503,823.01 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 233358000-6 01-2 REF ST First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 185,996.79 185,996.79 185,996.79 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 233358005-1 01-2 SPECF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 09/30/2022 12,238.41 12,238.41 12,238.41 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213009-6 03-02 COI First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 276213008-6 03-02 IMPR First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 748.58 748.58 748.58 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213006-6 03-02 RES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 762,380.15 762,380.15 762,380.15 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 164741029-0 03-03 22 COI First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.060 4.004 4.060 1 164741028-0 03-03 22 IF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 199,849.28 199,849.28 199,849.28 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 164741010-0 03-03 22 SPE First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 164741026-6 03-03 22 SRB First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 424,497.27 424,497.27 424,497.27 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 164741020-0 03-03 22 STIR First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 598,924.39 598,924.39 598,924.39 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 164741002-6 03-03 BOND F First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.620 0.612 0.620 1 164741022 03-03 STRB First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 08/01/2022 2.20 2.20 2.20 5.000 4.932 5.000 1 164741008-6 03-03IMP First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.620 0.612 0.620 1 164741006-6 03-03RES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.180 0.178 0.180 1 164741000-6 03-03SPEC First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.620 0.612 0.620 1 164742002-6 03-06 BOND F First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 88.12 88.12 88.12 4.920 4.853 4.920 1 164742000-6 03-06SPEC First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 155,574.65 155,574.65 155,574.65 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 229462007-6 03-1 2012 RF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 229462002--6 03-1 BOND FD First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.01 0.01 0.01 4.330 4.271 4.330 1 229462009-6 03-1 COI First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 229462006-6 03-1 RESERV First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 17,723.29 17,723.29 17,723.29 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 229462000-6 03-1 SPECF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 389,310.28 389,310.28 389,310.28 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 94669921-6 03-1ACQ11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.870 0.858 0.870 1 94669911-6 03-1ACQA11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669917-6 03-1 RES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669916-6 03-1 RESB11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669000-6 03-1 SPTAX11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 276213002-6 03-2 REFU First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 2.32 2.32 2.32 4.740 4.675 4.740 1 276213000-6 03-2 SPEC First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 325,210.32 325,210.32 325,210.32 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 94686001-6 034ADMIN11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.060 0.059 0.060 1 94686005-6 034PREP11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.070 0.069 0.070 1 94686000-6 034RED11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.050 0.049 0.050 1 94686006-6 034RES11 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.060 0.059 0.060 1 276213022-6 16-01 BOND F First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.18 0.18 0.18 5.560 5.484 5.560 1 Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 Portfolio TEME NL! CP PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Report Ver. 7.3.6.1 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 2 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to Maturity CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Date Managed Pool Accounts 276213033 16-01 CAPIN2 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 03/01/2023 138,689.50 138,689.50 138,689.50 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213023-6 16-01 CAPINT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.870 0.858 0.870 1 276213029-6 16-01 COI First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 276213039 16-01 C012 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 03/01/2023 102,961.51 102,961.51 102,961.51 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213028-6 16-01 IMP First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 1,955,009.76 1,955,009.76 1,955,009.76 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213038 16-01 IMPF2 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 03/01/2023 7,569,834.24 7,569,834.24 7,569,834.24 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213026-6 16-01 RESERV First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 3,212,813.33 3,212,813.33 3,212,813.33 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213020-6 16-01SPECF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 1,149,860.03 1,149,860.03 1,149,860.03 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213025-1 16-01 SPECTF First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 09/30/2022 22,408.39 22,408.39 22,408.39 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 276213036 16-01 RESF2 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 03/01/2023 247,211.45 247,211.45 247,211.45 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 218848001-6 2017A&B INT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.97 0.97 0.97 5.150 5.079 5.150 1 218848008-6 2017ABPRIORP First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 18,488.64 18,488.64 18,488.64 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 218848013-2 2017B COI First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 218848000-6 2017B DS First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 1,461,689.66 1,461,689.66 1,461,689.66 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 218848002-6 2017B PRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 6.80 6.80 6.80 5.000 4.932 5.000 1 218848009-6 2017B_PROJ First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 5,327,651.57 5,327,651.57 5,327,651.57 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 233358009-6 233358009-6 First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94434160-6 RDA-021NT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94434161-6 RDA-02PRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 107886000-6 RDA-06AINT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 107886001-6 RDA06APRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 107886010-6 RDA06BINT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 107886011-6 RDA06BPRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.680 0.671 0.680 1 107886016-6 RDA06BRES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.940 0.927 0.940 1 107886020-6 RDA071NT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 107886021-6 RDA07PRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.930 0.917 0.930 1 107886028-6 RDA07PROJ First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.940 0.927 0.940 1 107886026-6 RDA07RES First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.940 0.927 0.940 1 136343008-6 RDA10APROJ First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 136343018-6 RDA10BPROJ First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 136343000-6 RDA10INT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 136343001-6 RDA10PRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 136343006-6 RDA10RSRV First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 146161000-6 RDA11AINT First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 146161001-6 RDA11APRIN First Amer Govt Oblig Fund Cl 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669902-3 03-1 BOND3 First American Treasury 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 Portfolio TEME NL! CP PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 3 CUSIP Investment # Average Issuer Balance Purchase Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Stated Rate YTM 360 YTM Days to Maturity 365 Maturity Date Managed Pool Accounts 94434160-1 RDA 02 INT1 First American Treasury 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.010 0.010 0.010 1 94434161-2 RDA 02 PRIN2 First American Treasury 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.010 0.010 0.010 1 136343018-2 RDA 10B CIP2 First American Treasury 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.010 0.010 0.010 1 146161008-3 RDA11APROJ Federated Institutional Tax Fr 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.800 0.789 0.800 1 146161006-3 RDA11ARSRV Federated Institutional Tax Fr 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669921-5 03-01 ACQ11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94669911-5 03-01 ACQA11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94669917-5 03-01 RES Federated Tax Free Obligations 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94669906-5 03-01 RESA11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.001 0.001 0.001 1 94669916-5 03-01 RESB11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94669000-5 03-01SPTAX11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 164742006-5 03-06 RES Federated Tax Free Obligations 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 164742000-5 03-06 SPEC Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94669902-5 03-1 bond fd Federated Tax Free Obligations 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94686001-5 034 ADMIN11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94686005-5 034 PREP11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 94686006-5 034 RES11 Federated Tax Free Obligations 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.250 0.247 0.250 1 94669917-1 03-01-1 RES CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 276213008-1 03-02 IMP CA Local Agency Investment Fun 8,296,399.88 8,296,399.88 8,296,399.88 2.010 1.982 2.010 1 164742006-1 03-06 RES-1 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 312,326.88 312,326.88 312,326.88 4.930 4.862 4.930 1 229462007-1 03-1 2012 RE CA Local Agency Investment Fun 831,306.78 831,306.78 831,306.78 0.221 0.218 0.221 1 94669911-1 03-1 ACQ A2 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 94669921-1 03-1 ACQ B2 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 744727011-1 03-3 ACQ 2 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 164741006-1 0303-1 RES CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.620 0.612 0.620 1 107886028-1 RDA 07 PRO-1 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 107886026-1 RDA 07 RES-1 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 136343018-1 RDA 10B CIP1 CA Local Agency Investment Fun 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.339 0.334 0.339 1 229462020-0 03-01 CASH USBANK 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.000 0.000 1 164742006-0 03-06 Cash USBANK 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 233358050-1 01-2 SPECESC U.S. Treasury 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.360 0.355 0.360 1 Subtotal and Average 33,203,682.11 34,223,086.64 34,223,086.64 34,223,086.64 4.051 4.108 1 Retention Escrow Account NOBEL COMPANY 3354 Banner Bank 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.150 0.148 0.150 1 Portfolio TEME Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 NL! CP Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 4 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to Maturity CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Date Retention Escrow Account 218848050-0 2002 ESCROW USBANK 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 218848060-0 2006AESCRO USBANK 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 218848070-0 2006BESCRO USBANK 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 218848080-0 2007ESCROW USBANK 07/01/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 1 229462020-2 03-01 ESCROW U.S. Treasury 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.063 0.062 0.063 1 Subtotal and Average 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000 0 Letter of Credit 164741026-1 03-03 22 Res ASSURED GUARANTY MUNICIPAL COR 07/01/2022 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.000 0.000 1 218848006-1 2017B RESER ASSURED GUARANTY MUNICIPAL COR 07/01/2022 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.000 0.000 1 233358006-1 01-2 REFRESI ASSURANCE CO BOND INSURANCE 07/01/2022 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.000 0.000 1 Subtotal and Average 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 0.000 0.000 1 Trust Accounts 6746058700 PARS Pension US Bank Trust 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 0.540 0.533 0.540 1 Subtotal and Average 14,236,428.00 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 14,145,986.69 0.533 0.540 1 Local Agency Investment Funds SYSCITY CITY CA Local Agency Investment Fun 72,909,366.30 71,925,842.94 72,909,366.30 0.206 0.203 0.206 1 SYSRDA RDA CA Local Agency Investment Fun 1,927.61 1,901.61 1,927.61 0.365 0.360 0.365 1 SYSTCSD TCSD CA Local Agency Investment Fun 29,642,094.52 29,242,232.42 29,642,094.52 0.365 0.360 0.365 1 Subtotal and Average 102,553,388.43 102,553,388.43 101,169,976.97 102,553,388.43 0.249 0.252 1 Money Market 31846V542 Money Mkt USBANK 08/31/2022 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 2.120 2.091 2.120 1 Subtotal and Average 5,085,941.45 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 6,907,992.90 2.091 2.120 1 Medium Term Notes 04685A3J8 01285 Athene Global Funding 10/06/2022 2,000,000.00 1,929,380.00 1,920,360.00 2.514 5.385 5.460 281 03/08/2024 06406RAJ6 01282 Bank of NY Mellon Corp 09/27/2022 1,000,000.00 996,580.00 994,200.00 3.450 4.100 4.157 71 08/11/2023 14913Q21-2 01276 Caterpillar Financial Service 08/31/2022 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.450 3.398 3.445 15 05/15/2023 25160PAM9 01292 Deutsche Bank NY 11/14/2022 1,000,000.00 987,450.00 961,560.00 5.371 6.220 6.306 1,561 09/09/2027 46849LSQ5 01294 Jackson Natl Life Global 12/23/2022 2,000,000.00 1,849,600.00 1,879,480.00 3.050 4.957 5.026 1,063 04/29/2026 594918BQ6 01279 Microsoft Corp 09/07/2022 2,000,000.00 1,990,320.00 1,973,940.00 2.000 3.403 3.451 68 08/08/2023 21688AAU6 01284 Cooperat Rabobank UA/NY 09/30/2022 2,000,000.00 1,964,400.00 1,968,180.00 3.875 4.696 4.761 448 08/22/2024 Portfolio TEME Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 NL! CP Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 5 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to Maturity CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Date Medium Term Notes 89236TJX4 01288 Toyota Motor Credit Corp 10/14/2022 2,000,000.00 1,955,440.00 1,940,540.00 2.500 4.595 4.659 295 03/22/2024 Subtotal and Average 12,541,485.81 12,000,000.00 11,673,170.00 11,638,260.00 4.691 4.756 490 Federal Agency Callable Securities 3133EMQGO 01259 Federal Farm Credit Bank 02/10/2021 1,000,000.00 922,130.00 1,000,000.00 0.320 0.316 0.320 620 02/10/2025 3133EMK92 01265 Federal Farm Credit Bank 06/23/2021 1,000,000.00 917,430.00 1,000,000.00 0.580 0.572 0.580 753 06/23/2025 3133EMN57 01266 Federal Farm Credit Bank 06/28/2021 1,000,000.00 948,660.00 1,000,000.00 0.440 0.434 0.440 393 06/28/2024 3133EMP22 01267 Federal Farm Credit Bank 06/30/2021 1,000,000.00 894,590.00 1,000,000.00 0.910 0.898 0.910 1,125 06/30/2026 3133ENAP5 01273 Federal Farm Credit Bank 10/14/2021 1,000,000.00 913,910.00 1,000,000.00 0.800 0.789 0.800 866 10/14/2025 313OAKQ41 01258 Federal Home Loan Bank 01/28/2021 1,000,000.00 907,270.00 1,000,000.00 0.520 0.513 0.520 972 01/28/2026 3130ALEU4 01260 Federal Home Loan Bank 02/25/2021 1,000,000.00 930,460.00 1,000,000.00 0.350 0.345 0.350 543 11/25/2024 3130ALWV2 01261 Federal Home Loan Bank 04/21/2021 1,000,000.00 917,410.00 1,000,000.00 0.550 1.011 1.025 1,055 04/21/2026 3130AM2V3 01262 Federal Home Loan Bank 04/29/2021 1,000,000.00 934,190.00 1,000,000.00 0.700 0.690 0.700 698 04/29/2025 3130AMNMO 01263 Federal Home Loan Bank 05/27/2021 1,000,000.00 911,390.00 1,000,000.00 0.500 0.493 0.500 1,091 05/27/2026 3130AMM90 01264 Federal Home Loan Bank 06/10/2021 1,000,000.00 911,360.00 1,000,000.00 0.500 1.973 2.000 1,105 06/10/2026 3130AN4N7 01268 Federal Home Loan Bank 07/14/2021 1,000,000.00 918,690.00 1,000,000.00 0.720 0.710 0.720 774 07/14/2025 3130ANAZ3 01269 Federal Home Loan Bank 07/28/2021 1,000,000.00 930,650.00 1,000,000.00 0.600 0.592 0.600 697 04/28/2025 3130AP3M5 01270 Federal Home Loan Bank 09/28/2021 1,000,000.00 928,380.00 1,000,000.00 0.550 0.542 0.550 666 03/28/2025 3134GXJL9 01257 Federal Home Loan Mtg Corp 12/30/2020 1,000,000.00 899,560.00 1,000,000.00 0.500 0.493 0.500 943 12/30/2025 3130APBV6 01271 Union Bank 10/07/2021 1,000,000.00 891,030.00 999,000.00 1.000 1.007 1.021 1,224 10/07/2026 3130APAM7 01272 Union Bank 10/14/2021 1,000,000.00 892,620.00 998,500.00 0.900 0.918 0.931 1,231 10/14/2026 Subtotal and Average 16,997,500.00 17,000,000.00 15,569,730.00 16,997,500.00 0.723 0.733 868 Treasury Coupon Securities 912828T26 01281 U.S. Treasury 09/26/2022 2,000,000.00 1,973,760.00 1,945,703.13 1.375 4.088 4.145 121 09/30/2023 91282CEX5 01283 U.S. Treasury 09/29/2022 2,000,000.00 1,954,760.00 1,960,312.50 3.000 4.126 4.184 395 06/30/2024 91282CEX5 01287 U.S. Treasury 10/13/2022 2,000,000.00 1,954,760.00 1,955,312.50 3.000 4.304 4.364 395 06/30/2024 9128285P1 01289 U.S. Treasury 10/19/2022 2,000,000.00 1,976,480.00 1,966,093.75 2.875 4.387 4.448 182 11/30/2023 9128285UO 01290 U.S. Treasury 10/19/2022 2,000,000.00 1,969,540.00 1,957,265.63 2.625 4.412 4.473 213 12/31/2023 91282CFQ9 01291 U.S. Treasury 11/04/2022 2,000,000.00 1,987,180.00 1,988,281.25 4.375 4.622 4.687 518 10/31/2024 912828V23 01295 U.S. Treasury 02/09/2023 3,000,000.00 2,947,140.00 2,932,968.75 2.250 4.778 4.844 213 12/31/2023 Subtotal and Average 14,705,937.51 15,000,000.00 14,763,620.00 14,705,937.51 4.415 4.476 286 Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 Portfolio TEME NL! CP PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Investments May 31, 2023 Page 6 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to Maturity CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Date Federal Agency Bullet Securities 3133ELMA9 01254 Federal Farm Credit Bank 02/07/2020 1,000,000.00 992,860.00 1,000,000.00 1.420 1.401 1.420 67 08/07/2023 3133ELTU8 01256 Federal Farm Credit Bank 03/18/2020 1,000,000.00 968,000.00 1,000,000.00 0.920 0.907 0.920 291 03/18/2024 3133ENCA6 01274 Federal Farm Credit Bank 10/25/2021 1,000,000.00 942,910.00 1,000,000.00 0.700 0.690 0.700 512 10/25/2024 3135GO5G4 01278 Federal National Mtg Assn 09/02/2022 2,000,000.00 1,988,780.00 1,945,480.00 0.250 3.464 3.512 39 07/10/2023 Subtotal and Average 4,945,480.00 5,000,000.00 4,892,550.00 4,945,480.00 1.969 1.996 191 Supranational 4581XOEE4 01286 Inter -American Devel Bk Subtotal and Average Total and Average 985,430.00 215,386,448.40 10/06/2022 1,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 207,830,457.66 981,030.00 981,030.00 204, 327,146.20 985,430.00 3.250 4.069 4.126 396 07/01/2024 985,430.00 4.069 4.126 396 207,103,065.17 1.601 1.624 126 Portfolio TEME Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 NL! CP Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Portfolio Managment Treasury Report Portfolio Management Portfolio Details - Cash May 31, 2023 Page 7 Average Purchase Stated YTM YTM Days to CUSIP Investment # Issuer Balance Date Par Value Market Value Book Value Rate 360 365 Maturity Passbook/Checking Accounts 1453718479 WORKERS BANK OF AMERICA MERRILL LYNC 07/01/2022 21,242.22 21,242.22 21,242.22 0.000 0.000 1 SYSPetty Cash Petty Cash City of Temecula 07/01/2022 3,911.00 3,911.00 3,911.00 0.000 0.000 1 SYSGen Ck Acct Gen Ck Acct Union Bank of California 27,954,161.56 27,954,161.56 27,954,161.56 0.000 0.000 1 SYSParking Ck PARKING CITA Union Bank of California 07/01/2022 13,787.00 13,787.00 13,787.00 0.000 0.000 1 Average Balance 0.00 Total Cash and Investments 215,386,448.40 0 235,823,559.44 232,320,247.98 235,096,166.95 1.601 1.624 126 Portfolio TEME Data Updated: SET_MTH: 08/07/2023 09:09 NL! CP Run Date: 08/07/2023 - 09:09 PM (PRF_PM2) 7.3.0 Cash and Investments Report CITY OF TEMECULA Through May 2023 Fund 9 Fund Name Beginning Balance Receipts Disbursements Fund Total 001 GENERAL FUND $ 46,614,378.88 $ 10,904,125.58 $ 5,345,598.58 $ 52,172,905.88 002 MEASURE S FUND 41,104,154.48 3,300,656.98 44,404,811.46 006 FIRE FACILITY ACQUISITION FUND 1,518,755.18 5,304.84 $ 1,524,060.02 100 STATE GAS TAX FUND 2,349,905.37 171,973.24 2,521,878.61 102 RMRA-ROAD MAINTENANCE REHABILITATION ACT 3,399,294.07 188,712.28 3,588,006.35 103 STREETS MAINTENANCE FUND 7,000,416.04 18,931.76 7,019,347.80 105 NPDES 175,821.35 512.56 176,333.91 106 UPTOWN TEMECULA NEW STREETS IN LIEU FEES 899,948.74 2,620.80 902,569.54 110 COVID-19 PANDEMIC COMMUNITY REINVESTMENT 12,247,507.25 10,000.00 391,623.40 11,865,883.85 120 DEVELOPMENT IMPACT FUND 13,546,335.93 224,585.36 - 13,770,921.29 125 PEG PUBLIC EDUCATION & GOVERNMENT 798,854.95 45,561.37 844,416.32 145 TEMECULA ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSET TEAM 844,091.99 2,948.32 847,040.31 150 AB 2766 FUND 352,145.29 1,148.40 353,293.69 160 SUPPLEMENTAL LAW ENFORCEMENT SERVICES 172,706.19 8,869.89 181,576.08 161 TEMECULA MAJOR CRIMES REWARD FUND 53.44 - - 53.44 165 AFFORDABLE HOUSING 5,358,531.70 18,931.98 9,957.24 5,367,506.44 170 MEASURE A FUND 8,912,364.34 34,041.57 359,541.98 8,586,863.93 190 TEMECULA COMMUNITY SERVICES DISTRICT 2,088,887.34 2,349,469.92 1,016,779.19 3,421,578.07 191 TCSD SERVICE LEVEL "B" STREET LIGHT REPLACEMENT 863,506.08 3,016.14 - 866,522.22 192 TCSD SERVICE LEVEL "B" STREET LIGHTS 371,639.75 290,704.73 26,464.50 635,879.98 194 TCSD SERVICE LEVEL "D" REFUSE/RECYCLING 827,101.47 4,313,588.87 4,781.84 5,135,908.50 195 TCSD SERVICE LEVEL "R" STREET/ROAD MAINT 30,518.19 2,208.37 - 32,726.56 196 TCSD SERVICE LEVEL "L" LAKE PARK MAINT. 372,499.13 117,480.97 70,770.91 419,209.19 197 TEMECULA LIBRARY FUND 652,422.31 11,740.17 55,385.00 608,777.48 198 PUBLIC ART 196,394.56 4,332.77 - 200,727.33 210 CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECT FUND 1,339,086.00 438,116.78 2,425,223.91 (648,021.13) 275 CFD 03-3 WOLF CREEK IMPROVEMENT FUND 216,464.44 822.08 217,286.52 277 CFD-RORIPAUGH 8,386,419.45 56,130.99 8,442,550.44 278 CFD-RORIPAUGH II 9,481,054.14 43,789.86 - 9,524,844.00 300 INSURANCE FUND 1,220,989.13 4,333.10 16,887.92 1,208,434.31 305 WORKER'S COMPENSATION 1,300,844.04 34,757.58 70,409.54 1,265,192.08 310 VEHICLES AND EQUIPMENT FUND 3,330,176.24 11,200.12 2,019.22 3,339,357.14 320 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1,770,972.89 11,207.26 447,525.09 1,334,655.06 325 TECHNOLOGY REPLACEMENT FUND 2,648,962.77 8,752.30 - 2,657,715.07 330 CENTRAL SERVICES 23,949.52 94.52 31,768.96 (7,724.92) 335 CENTRAL SERVICES 341,919.36 1,171.70 - 343,091.06 340 FACILITIES 542,653.12 19,386.39 157,447.21 404,592.30 350 FACILITY REPLACEMENT FUND 951,926.78 2,915.28 - 954,842.06 380 SARDA DEBT SERVICE FUND 4,286,316.79 2,223,496.61 1,433,905.37 5,075,908.03 381 REDEVELOPMEN PROPERTY TAX TRUST - 3,685,096.00 769,118.71 2,915,977.29 460 CFD 88-12 DEBT SERVICE FUND 95,894.33 334.94 - 96,229.27 472 CFD 01-2 HARVESTON A&B DEBT SERVICE 944,069.71 443,884.44 1,387,954.15 473 CFD 03-1 CROWNE HILL DEBT SERVICE FUND 1,249,693.15 375,418.17 1,625,111.32 474 AD 034 JOHN WARNER ROAD DEBT SERVICE 7,227.35 25.24 7,252.59 475 CFD 03-3 WOLF CREEK DEBT SERVICE FUND 1,053,467.08 808,901.50 1,862,368.58 476 CFD 03-6 HARVESTON 2 DEBT SERVICE FUND 498,974.84 142,270.74 641,245.58 477 CFD 03-02 RORIPAUGH DEBT SERVICE FUND 1,101,926.09 355,008.74 1,456,934.83 478 CFD-RORIPAUGH II 4,854,676.94 1,138,016.91 5,992,693.85 481 CFD 20-01 ALTAIR 150,000.00 - - 150,000.00 501 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 1 SADDLEWOOD 7,908.63 17,441.50 2,317.65 23,032.48 502 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 2 WINCHESTER CREEK 121,628.84 20,454.12 16,562.38 125,520.58 503 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 3 RANCHO HIGHLANDS 52,192.18 21,027.84 2,108.91 71,111.11 504 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 4 THE VINEYARDS 5,306.32 3,007.61 336.21 7,977.72 505 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 5 SIGNET SERIES 21,848.84 17,147.52 2,173.35 36,823.01 506 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 6 WOODCREST COUNTRY 44,027.61 12,781.42 1,023.85 55,785.18 507 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 7 RIDGEVIEW 7,645.51 7,105.38 794.04 13,956.85 508 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 8 VILLAGE GROVE 90,143.65 61,399.95 9,026.56 142,517.04 509 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 9 RANCHO SOLANA 28,905.43 2,381.75 156.80 31,130.38 510 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 10 MARTINIQUE 14,521.12 4,518.40 458.07 18,581.45 511 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 11 MEADOWVIEW 3,149.48 1,061.72 107.34 4,103.86 512 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 12 VINTAGE HILLS 66,185.67 43,205.45 4,920.80 104,470.32 513 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 13 PRESLEY DEVELOP 29,556.27 15,508.14 1,793.73 43,270.68 514 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 14 MORRISON HOMES 8,971.23 6,579.18 744.24 14,806.17 515 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 15 BARCLAY ESTATES 11,742.58 4,943.64 530.52 16,155.70 516 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 16 TRADEWINDS 79,314.60 17,634.78 7,127.99 89,821.39 517 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 17 MONTE VISTA 2,409.49 879.46 108.74 3,180.21 518 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 18 TEMEKU HILLS 46,328.37 40,636.50 4,587.75 82,377.12 519 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 19 CHANTEMAR 74,126.23 27,308.27 11,158.91 90,275.59 520 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 20 CROWNE HILL 251,260.75 82,923.93 35,723.65 298,461.03 521 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 21 VAIL RANCH 144,776.08 105,496.09 23,446.24 226,825.93 522 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 22 SUTTON PLACE 10,900.23 2,126.92 203.17 12,823.98 523 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 23 PHEASENT RUN 26,178.41 3,999.88 313.24 29,865.05 524 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 24 HARVESTON 47,549.40 71,631.78 8,664.80 110,516.38 525 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 25 SERENA HILLS 64,882.65 20,945.61 1,925.42 83,902.84 526 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 26 GALLERYTRADITION 2,012.21 952.50 122.84 2,841.87 527 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 27 AVONDALE 9,583.47 4,132.84 668.21 13,048.10 528 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 28 WOLF CREEK 581,270.18 108,886.63 12,435.58 677,721.23 529 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 29 GALLERY PORTRAIT 8,037.73 1,590.46 171.09 9,457.10 530 SERVICE LEVEL"C"ZONE 30 FUTURE ZONES 36,485.77 127.44 - 36,613.21 701 PENSION RATE STABILIZATION FUND $ 14,239,442.71 - 93,456.02 $ 14,145,986.69 Grand Total: $ 212,634,189.82 $ 32,564,434.83 $ 12,878,376.67 $ 232,320,247.98 Journal Entries completed after April's Treasurer's Report was issued are reflected in the Receipts / Disbursements columns. Item No. 5 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Patrick A. Thomas, Director of Public Works/City Engineer DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Amend the Capital Improvement Program Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28 for Various Projects PREPARED BY: Amer Attar, Engineering Manager RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council: 1. Adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO AMEND THE CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEARS 2024-28 FOR VARIOUS PROJECTS 2. Approve an appropriation of $1,500,000 from Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee, from Western Riverside Council of Governments in Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III project; and 3. Approve an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $200,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III project; and 4. Approve an appropriation of $1,000,000 grant funding from California State Assembly Bill 102 as amended in Senate on June 24, 2023 for Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the Ynez Road Improvements — Phase I project; and 5. Approve a fund Transfer of $1,000,000 of Development Impact Fee — Street Improvements from Ynez Road Improvements, Phase I to Fiscal Year 2025-26 of the Rancho California Road Median Improvements project; and 6. Approve a fund transfer of $594,524 from Fiscal Year 2023-24 of the Sidewalks — Citywide project to Fiscal Year 2023-24 of a separately established project, Sidewalks — Pauba Road; and 7. Approve an appropriation of $362,600 grant funding from California Senate Bill 821 for Fiscal Year 2023-24 for the Sidewalks — Pauba Road; and 8. Approve an appropriation of $200,000 grant funding from American Rescue Plan Act, signed into law March 11, 2021, through the County of Riverside for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project; and 9. Approve an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $100,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project. BACKGROUND: On June 13, 2023, the City Council adopted the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28. Since the adoption of the CIP Budget, the City received information that it has been approved to receive funds from several outside fund sources for the benefit of several projects. This amendment to the CIP Budget will cover the following changes: 1- I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III — Add an appropriation of $1,500,000 from Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee (TUMF), from Western Riverside Council of Governments (WRCOG) in Fiscal Year 2023-24. WRCOG has approved this appropriation and it was included in the Fiscal Year 2023-24 Southwest Zone 5-Year Transportation Improvement Program. This appropriation will be used to acquire one parcel needed for this phase of the project. Existing Agreement No. 20-SW-TEM-1197 between the City and WRCOG will be amended to add this amount. In addition, add an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $200,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the 1-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III project. This amount is needed to look at various options to break this phase of the project to multiple phases and coordinating this work with Caltrans. 2- Ynez Road Improvements — Phase I - Add an appropriation of $1,000,000 grant funding the City received from California State Assembly Bill (AB) 102 as amended in Senate on June 24, 2023. This appropriation is for Fiscal Year 2023-24. 3- Rancho California Road Median Improvements — Transfer $1,000,000 of Development Impact Fee (DIF) — Street Improvements from Ynez Road Improvements, Phase I to Fiscal Year 2025-26 of the Rancho California Road Median Improvements project. This will close the funding gap for this project 4- Sidewalks - Citywide — Transfer the entire approved appropriation for Fiscal Year 2023- 24, $594,524 to a separate project called Sidewalks — Pauba Road. This appropriation is for the current Fiscal Year 2023-24. 5- Sidewalks — Pauba Road — Add this project as a separate project and transfer the entire approved appropriation for Fiscal Year 2023-24, $594,524, of the Sidewalks — Citywide project to Fiscal Year 2023-24 of this project. The City was awarded grant funding from California Senate Bill (SB) 821 for this project in the amount of $362,600. The separation of this project from the Sidewalks — Citywide is necessary for tracking and reporting purposes of the grant funds. 6- Dog Park Renovation — Add an appropriation of $200,000 grant funding from American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA), signed into law March 11, 2021, through the County of Riverside for Fiscal Year 2023-24. In addition, add an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $100,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project. The grant funding and the additional requested Measure S appropriation will be used to add American with Disability Act (ADA) access to the Dog Park and administer the grant including reporting requirements. This amendment to the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) is consistent with the City of Temecula General Plan and all its elements. FISCAL IMPACT: The net result of this amendment to the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28 is an increase of Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee (TUMF) appropriation from Western Riverside Council of Governments (WRCOG) in the amount of $1,500,000, an increase of appropriation of grant funding in the amount of $1,562,600, and an appropriation increase from Measure S in the amount of $300,000. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Resolution 2. Amended CIP Budget Sheets 3. CIP Budget Amendment Summary RESOLUTION NO. 2023- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO AMEND THE CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM BUDGET FOR FISCAL YEARS 2024-28 FOR VARIOUS PROJECTS THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. The City Council finds, determines, and declares that: A. On June 13, 2023, the City Council adopted the Capital Improvement Program Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28. B. Since the adoption of the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Budget, the City has been approved to receive funds from several outside fund sources for the benefit of several projects. C. These changes have made it necessary to amend the CIP Budget for I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III, Rancho California Road Median Improvements, Ynez Road Improvements — Phase I, Sidewalks — Citywide, and Dog Park Renovation projects. D. Receiving SB 821 funds for the sidewalk project on Pauba Road, from Elinda to Showalter will necessitate establishing a standalone project and separating it from the Sidewalks — Citywide project. E. The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) as amended by this Resolution is consistent with the City of Temecula General Plan and each element thereof. Section 2. Amendment of the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) A. The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) for Fiscal Years 2024-28 is hereby amended as follows: 1) I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III — Add an appropriation of $1,500,000 from Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee (TUMF), from Western Riverside Council of Governments (WRCOG) in Fiscal Year 2023-24. WRCOG has approved this appropriation and it was included in the Fiscal Year 2023-24 Southwest Zone 5-Year Transportation Improvement Program. This appropriation will be used to acquire one parcel needed for this phase of the project. Existing Agreement No. 20-SW-TEM-1197 between the City and WRCOG will be amended to add this amount. In addition, add an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $200,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements — Phase III project. This amount is needed to look at various options to break this phase of the project to multiple phases and coordinating this work with Caltrans. 2) Ynez Road Improvements — Phase I - Add an appropriation of $1,000,000 grant funding the City received from California State Assembly Bill (AB) 102 as amended in Senate on June 24, 2023. This appropriation is for Fiscal Year 2023-24. 3) Rancho California Road Median Improvements — Transfer $1,000,000 of Development Impact Fee (DIF) — Street Improvements from Ynez Road Improvements, Phase I to Fiscal Year 2025-26 of the Rancho California Road Median Improvements project. This will close the funding gap for this project 4) Sidewalks - Citywide — Transfer the entire approved appropriation for Fiscal Year 2023-24, $594,524 to a separate project called Sidewalks — Pauba Road. This appropriation is for the current Fiscal Year, 2023-24. 5) Sidewalks — Pauba Road — Add this project as a separate project and transfer the entire approved appropriation for Fiscal Year 2023-24, $594,524, of the Sidewalks — Citywide project to Fiscal Year 2023-24 of this project. The City was awarded grant funding from California Senate Bill (SB) 821 for this project in the amount of $362,600. The separation of this project from the Sidewalks — Citywide is necessary for tracking and reporting purposes of the grant funds. 6) Dog Park Renovation — Add an appropriation of $200,000 grant funding from American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA), signed into law March 11, 2021, through the County of Riverside for Fiscal Year 2023-24. In addition, add an appropriation and corresponding fund transfer of $100,000 from Measure S for Fiscal Year 2023-24 to the Dog Park Renovation project. The grant funding and the additional requested Measure S appropriation will be used to add American with Disability Act (ADA) access to the Dog Park and administer the grant including reporting requirements. B. The net result of this amendment to the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28 is an increase of Transportation Uniform Mitigation Fee (TUMF) appropriation from Western Riverside Council of Governments (WRCOG) in the amount of $1,500,000, an increase of appropriation of grant funding in the amount of $1,562,600, and an appropriation increase from Measure S in the amount of $300,000. C. Projects that are part of this amendment without an impact to Measure "S" and other City funds are funded with external sources, either reimbursements to the City or a direct grant. Section 3. The City Clerk shall certify the adoption of this Resolution. PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Temecula this 22nd day of August, 2023. Zak Schwank, Mayor ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk [SEAL] STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ) ss CITY OF TEMECULA ) I, Randi Johl, City Clerk of the City of Temecula, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2023- was duly and regularly adopted by the City Council of the City of Temecula at a meeting thereof held on the 22"d day of August, 2023, by the following vote: AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Randi Johl, City Clerk Adk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program 1-15 / FRENCH VALLEY PARKWAY IMPROVEMENTS - PHASE III Circulation Project Project Description: This project includes the design and construction of the French Valley Parkway Interchange and the southbound collector/distributor road system. Benefit: This project will address and improve traffic circulation in the City's northern area by providing a full service interchange with on and off ramps in both directions. Core Value: Transportation Mobility and Connectivity Project Status: Design will begin once funds are available. Department: Public Works - Account No. 210.265.999.5800.PW19-03 / 728 2023-24 Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost 5801-Ad ministration 89,491 237,509 454,000 874,000 1,655,000 5807-Caltrans Oversight 17,250,000 17,250,000 5804-Construction 102,500,000 102,500,000 5805-Construction Engineering 2,050,000 2,050,000 5802-Design & Environmental 200,000 8,500,000 8,700,000 5700-Land Acquisition 2,979,147 270,647 1,500,000 7,390,000 12,139,794 Total Expenditures 1 3,068,6381 508,156 1,700,000 8,954,000 - 130,064,000 144 294 794 Sours of Funds• 4165-Affordable Housing 1,669,794 1,669,794 4001-General Fund 30,000 30,000 4002-Measure S 150,000 61,817 200,000 411,817 4076-Reimbursements 165,183 165,183 4472-TUMF (WRCOG) 1,500,000 1,500,000 3,000,000 4452-Unspecified 8,954,000 130,064,000 139,018,000 Total Fundine 1 180,0001 3.396.794 1,700,000 8,954,000 - 130,064,0001 144,294,794 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Notes: 1. TUMF (WRCOG) - TUMF Zone Funding is eligible for construction of Winchester Interchange pursuant to 2009 Nexus - $9,822,980.00 2. TUMF (WRCOG) - TUMF Zone Funding is eligible for construction of French Valley Interchange pursuant to 2009 Nexus - $43,480,000.00 3. TUMF (WRCOG) -TUMF Zone Funding for right-of-way (ROW) pursuant to Agreement No. 20-SW-TEM-1197 - $1,500,000 4. TUMF (WRCOG) - TUMF Zone Funding for right-of-way (ROW as approved by WRCOG for FY 2023-24, $1,500,000) - Amendment of Agreement No. 20-SW-TEM 1197 is pending Alk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country YNEZ ROAD IMPROVEMENTS - PHASE I Circulation Project Project Description: This project includes widening the easterly side of Ynez Road, from Rancho Vista Road north roughly 1600 feet, to two lanes in each direction, and the completion of missing segments of curb and gutter, sidewalk, and striped medians, in coordination with adjacent development. Benefit: This project improves traffic circulation by widening an important arterial road in this part of the City. Core Value: Transportation Mobility and Connectivity Project Status: Design is initiated in FY 2022-23. Department: Public Works - Account No. 210.265.999.5800.PW23-02 / 534 City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program 2023-24 Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost 5801-Administration 90,000 342,500 432,500 5804-Construction 1,299,628 1,299,628 5805-Construction Engineering 158,172 158,172 5802-Design & Environmental 510,000 495,500 1,005,500 5806-MSHCP 1 54,200 54,200 Total Expenditures 1 600,000 2,350,000 2 950 000 Source of Funds: 4666-Developer Contribution 435,750 435,750 4242-DIF-Street Improvements 600,000 (560,750) 39,250 4025-Grants 1,475,000 1,475,000 4025-Grants 1,000,000 1,000,000 Total Funding 2 2 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Notes : 1. Grants Funding of $1,475,000 reflects the 2023 RCTC Western Riverside County Regional call for projects using Measure A Regional Arterial (MARA) grant funds 2. Developer Contribution reflects fees paid by the Rancho Highlands Development for this project. 3. Grant Funding of $1,000,000 reflects California State Assembly Bill (AB) 102 as amended in Senate June 24, 2023. Adk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country RANCHO CALIFORNIA ROAD MEDIAN IMPROVEMENTS Circulation Project Project Description: This project will design and construct missing raised medians on Rancho California Road between Humber Drive and Butterfield Stage Road in accordance with the City's General Plan. In addition, missing street improvements will be constructed on the north side of Rancho California Road between Riesling Court and Promenade Chardonnay Hills. The improvements will include median curbs, curb and gutter, sidewalks, and landscape and irrigation. City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program Benefit: The raised medians will enhance the safety of the street. In addition, the `� landscaping of the proposed medians will improve the aesthetics of this road for "� motorists. Core Value: A Safe and Prepared Community 2023-24 Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost 5801-Administration 105,000 60,000 40,000 300,000 505,000 5804-Construction 2,512,000 2,512,000 5805-Construction Engineering 85,000 85,000 5802-Design & Environmental 113,000 585,000 698,000 5240-Utilities 55.000 55,000 Snurra of Fundc 4666-Developer Contribution 57,200 57,200 4242-DIF-Street Improvements 10,800 700,000 40,000 1,720,750 2,471,550 4002-Measure S 150,000 150,000 4452-Unspecified 1,176, 250 1,176,250 Total Funding 218,000 700,000 40 00 22 897,000 3 855 000 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Notes : 1. Developer Contribution represents the Pervis Development's fair share of the medians. Adk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country SIDEWALKS - CITYWIDE Infrastructure Project Project Description: This project will include the construction of sidewalks at various locations throughout the City. Benefit: This project will provide walking surfaces for pedestrians. Core Value: Transportation Mobility and Connectivity Project Status: A study to identify areas with missing sidewalks and prioritize them was completed as part of the Trails and Bikeways Master Plan Update in Fiscal Year 2015-16. Based on the study and the available resources, sidewalks will be constructed in the selected areas considering economy of scale and proximity to private development. City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost 5801-Administration 551,869 50,476 50,000 50,000 50,000 50,000 802,345 5804-Construction 146,315 879,541 320,000 320,000 320,000 320,000 2,305,856 5805-Construction Engineering 4,412 155,588 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 400,000 5802-Design & Environmental 225,808 161,121 70,000 70,000 70,000 70,000 666,929 4001-General Fund 371,000 1 37.1,000 4002-Measure 5 1 736.533 1.063.596 500.000 500.000 500.000 500.000 3.800.129 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Alk R The Heart of Southern California Wine Country SIDEWALKS - PAUBA ROAD Infrastructure Project Project Description: This project will include the construction of sidewalks along Pauba Road from Elinda Road to Showalter Road. Benefit: This project will provide walking surfaces for pedestrians. Core Value: Transportation Mobility and Connectivity Project Status: This section Pauba Road was identified in the City's Sidewalk Gap Study. Construction is anticipated to commence in Fiscal Year 2023-2024. Department: Public Works - Account No. 210.265.999.PW19-20 Level: I City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program 2023-24 Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost Administration 75,000 75,000 Construction 752,124 752,124 Construction Engineering 60,000 60,000 Design & Environmental 70,000 70,000 Total Ex enditures 957,124 957 124 SB 821 Funds Measure S I I 594,524 594,524 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Adk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country DOG PARK RENOVATION Parks/Recreation Project Project Description: This project is to design and construct a dog park at Michael "Mike" Naggar Community Park. The dog park will include small and large dog pens, seating, drinking fountains, shade and an agility dog course feature in addition to ADA access. Benefit: This project protects the City's vast investment in parks and open space facilities. In addition, this project satisfies the City's Core Values of a Healthy and Livable City and Responsive City Government. Core Value: Healthy and Livable City City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program Project Status: Design is currently at 90%. The project is estimated to be complete "s in Fiscal Year 2023-24. Prior Years 2022-23 Amended 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Total Project Project Cost: Actuals Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Cost 5801-Ad ministration 25,000 150,000 175,000 5804-Construction 533,484 260,000 793,484 5802-Design & Environmental 15,116 56,400 71,516 cnurro of Funrfc- 4025-Grants 1 247,126 247,126 4002-Measure 5 25,000 357,874 210,000 592,874 4025-GrantS2 200,000 200,000 Total Funding 25,000 605,000 410,000 1 040 000 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs Notes : 1. Proposition 68 Grant from the California Department of Parks and Recreation 2. American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA), signed into law March 11, 2021, grant through the County of Riverside Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Budget Amendment Summary for Various Projects August 22, 2023 Adopted Proposed Proposed Amended Proposed Project Name FY 2024-28 Amendment Amendment FY 2024-28 Source Budget City Funds External Fund Source Budget of Fund 1 I-15 / French Valley Parkway Improvements - Phase III F$144,094,794 $200,000 $1,500,000 $144,294,794 > City -Measure S > External -TUMF > City - Move to Rancho 2 Ynez Road Improvements - Phase I $2,950,000 -$1,000,000 $1,000,000 $2,950,000 California Medians > External - State AB 102 > City - Moved from Ynez, 3 Rancho California Road Median Improvements $3,855,000 $1,000,000 $0 $3,855,000 Phase 1 to reduced funding gap -IF FP oved to Sidewalks - 4 Sidewalks - Citywide $4,769,653-$594,524 $0 $4,175,129 uba Road > City - Moved from 5 Sidewalks - Pauba Road $0 $594,524 $362,600 $957,124 Sidewalks - Citywide > External - SB 821 16��t City - Measure S I Dog Park Renovation $740,000 $100,000 $200,000 $1,040,000 External - ARPA $300,000 11 $3,062,600 Total New Appropriation from Measure "S" $300,000 Move D/F - Streets from Ynez Road, Phase 1 to $1,000,000 Rancho California Road Medians Move Measure S from Sidewalks - Citywide to $594,524 Sidewalks - Pauba Road External Fund Sources - Grants $1,562,600 External Fund Sources - TUMF $1,500,000 Item No. 6 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Patrick Thomas, Director of Public Works/City Engineer DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Approve Form of Rancho California Water District Recycled Water Agreements and Authorize the City Manager to Execute Said Agreements on Behalf of the City PREPARED BY: Anissa Sharp, Management Assistant Ron Moreno, Assistant Director of Public Works RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA APPROVING THE FORM OF RECYCLED WATER AGREEMENTS AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE SAID AGREEMENTS ON BEHALF OF THE CITY BACKGROUND: The Santa Rosa Regional Resources Authority ("SRRRA"), a Joint Powers Authority formed by several water districts including the Rancho California Water District ("RCWD"), owns and operates a Regional Water Reclamation System which is a sewage interceptor, transmission, treatment, disposal, and water reclamation facilities. Water that has been completely treated through RCWD's Regional Water Reclamation System is considered recycled water. In accordance with RCWD's policies, the recycled water, which results from the operation of the Regional Water Reclamation System, has been made available for approved uses. Given the availability, some projects could stand to benefit from utilizing recycled water while constructing improvements. In order to facilitate the ability for sites to gain access to recycled water, RCWD developed their Recycled Water Agreement ("Agreement"). The Agreement was created for execution by RCWD for any projects located within the City where a recycled water system is operated. There are two versions of the Agreement. One version of the Agreement is used in cases where the User is a developer or private entity. The other version of the Agreement is used in cases where the User is a public entity. The Agreement specifies whether the Property on which the recycled water system will be operated is owned by a public entity or by another party. An Agreement in which the City is the User or owner of the Property on which the recycled water system will be operated, would be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer and City Attorney prior to routing said Agreement for execution, with such changes as mutually agreed to between the Public Works Department and City Attorney. All costs will be billed to the User on monthly basis. An Agreement in which the User of the recycled water system is a developer or private entity would result in no fiscal impact to the City. An Agreement in which the User is the City of Temecula would result in costs relating to the operation and use of the recycled water system. Such costs for the recycled water commodity and applicable service charges will be included in the current Fiscal Year Operating Budget. RCWD will have the right to modify or adjust the rate schedule(s) for providing recycled water to reflect changes in the RCWD's operation costs, if any, as determined by RCWD. All of the costs will be based on actual quantities of recycled water deliveries made during the preceding month, based on meter reading at the Point of Delivery. The Recycled Water Agreement sets forth the obligations of all parties with respect to purchase price, quantity, and all terms and conditions. City Staff recommends that the City Council authorize the City Manager to execute that certain agreement entitled "Recycled Water Agreement" on behalf of the City in the form attached to this Resolution, with such provisions that apply to the specific project, Property, or recycled water system that are the subject of the Agreement, and with any non -substantive changes and completed exhibits as may be approved by the Public Works Department and the City Attorney as necessary and convenient to implement the purposes of the Agreement. FISCAL IMPACT: No fiscal impact for agreements where the User is a developer or private entity. For agreements where the User is the City of Temecula, costs of the recycled water commodity and applicable service charges will be included in the current Fiscal Year Operating Budget. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Resolution 2. Agreement - City Version 3. Agreement - Private Version RESOLUTION NO.2023- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA APPROVING THE FORM OF RECYCLED WATER AGREEMENTS AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE SAID AGREEMENTS ON BEHALF OF THE CITY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Rancho California Water District ("RCWD"), as a part of Santa Rosa Regional Resources Authority ("SRRRA"), a Joint Powers Authority, owns and operates a Regional Water Reclamation System which is a sewage interceptor, transmission, treatment, disposal, and water reclamation facilities. Section 2. Water that has been completely treated through RCWD's Regional Water Reclamation System is considered recycled water. In accordance with RCWD's policies, the recycled water, which results from the operation of the Regional Water Reclamation System, has been made available for approved uses. Section 3. RCWD prepared two versions of a Recycled Water Agreement ("Agreement") for use on any projects located within the City that will operate a recycled water system. One version of the Agreement is used in cases where the User is a developer or private entity. The other version of the Agreement is used in cases where the User is a public entity. The Agreement specifies whether the Property on which the recycled water system will be operated is owned by a public entity or by another party. Section 4. An Agreement in which the City is the User or owner of the Property on which the recycled water system will be operated, would be reviewed and approved by the City Engineer and City Attorney prior to routing said Agreement for execution, with such changes as mutually agreed to between the Public Works Department and City Attorney. Section 5. An Agreement in which the User of the recycled water system is a developer or private entity would result in no fiscal impact to the City. An Agreement in which the User is the City of Temecula would result in costs relating to the operation and use of the recycled water system. Such costs for the recycled water commodity and applicable service charges will be included in the current Fiscal Year Operating Budget. Section 6. The City Council hereby authorizes the City Manager to execute that certain agreement entitled "Recycled Water Agreement" on behalf of the City in the form attached to this Resolution, with such provisions that apply to the specific project, Property, or recycled water system that are the subject of the Agreement, and with any non -substantive changes and completed exhibits as may be approved by the Public Works Department and the City Attorney as necessary and convenient to implement the purposes of the Agreement. Section 7. The City Manager is hereby authorized to execute such Recycled Water Agreement, subject to City Attorney's final review. Section 8. This Resolution shall take effect immediately upon its adoption. PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Temecula this 22"d day of August, 2023. Zak Schwank, Mayor ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk [SEAL] STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ) ss CITY OF TEMECULA ) I, Randi Johl, City Clerk of the City of Temecula, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2023- was duly and regularly adopted by the City Council of the City of Temecula at a meeting thereof held on the 22"d day of August, 2023, by the following vote: AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Randi Johl, City Clerk RECORDING REQUESTED BY AND WHEN RECORDED MAIL TO: RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT 42135 Winchester Road Temecula, CA 92590-4800 Exempt from Recording Fee (Gov. Code §6103) LOCATION NO. SPACE ABOVE THIS LINE FOR RECORDER'S USE RECYCLED WATER AGREEMENT RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT RA — — THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into this day of 20 by and between Rancho California Water District, a public agency ("DISTRICT"), and the City of Temecula, a municipal corporation ("Owner"). The Owner of Lot No. of Tract Map No. APN Owner shall hereinafter be referred to as "USER." A. The Santa Rosa Regional Resources Authority ("SRRRA"), a Joint Powers Authority formed by several water districts including the DISTRICT, owns and operates a major system of sewage interceptor, transmission, treatment, disposal, and water reclamation facilities, hereafter referred to as DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System; and B. Water that has been completely treated through the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System shall hereinafter be referred to as recycled water; and C. Pipelines conveying recycled water shall hereinafter be referred to as recycled water mains; and D. In accordance with DISTRICT policies, the recycled water, which results from the operation of the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System, has been made available for approved uses; and E. USER desires to purchase, accept delivery of, control, and use the quantity of recycled water provided for in Paragraph 4 herein for approved irrigation purposes within the boundaries of the DISTRICT, under the terms and conditions set forth below; and F. Such sales and deliveries would be in accordance with the DISTRICT'S policy of using recycled water for beneficial purposes; and G. DISTRICT is willing to sell and deliver recycled water for irrigation purposes under the terms and conditions set forth below. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com In consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, it is mutually agreed as follows: 1. SALE AND DELIVERY TERMS AND CONDITIONS A. Point of Delivery The recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be measured through the DISTRICT -owned, -operated, and -maintained metering facilities located at the Point of Delivery shown on the attached Exhibit "A." Any facilities that have been or shall be installed by DISTRICT at USER'S request shall be paid for by the USER, in accordance with applicable DISTRICT Rules and Regulations. B. Availability Acknowledgment The USER acknowledges that the DISTRICT does not guarantee the availability of recycled water throughout the term of this Agreement due to possible changes in regulatory agency requirements, reduction in plant flow, demands from other recycled water use areas, and/or other conditions beyond DISTRICT'S control. USER holds DISTRICT free and harmless from any and all legal liabilities and/or economic losses that it may sustain as the result of discontinuance or reduction in amount of delivery of recycled water as specified above. C. Pressure The recycled water to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall, as far as possible, be delivered at the Point of Delivery shown on the attached Exhibit "A." USER shall be responsible for, at its cost, providing any and all devices to increase or decrease delivery pressure, and/or any and all conveyance equipment (e.g. piping, pumps, etc.) required to deliver the recycled water to the point(s) of use. USER agrees not to operate its recycled water system in a fashion that may cause surge pressures to propagate past the Point of Delivery into the DISTRICT'S recycled water mains. D. Facility Provision and Operational Responsibility (1) DISTRICT shall be responsible for providing and operating its Regional Water Reclamation System facilities, up to and including the Point of Delivery, in compliance with the applicable requirements of DISTRICT, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies. DISTRICT shall be responsible for supplying recycled water, which meets or exceeds all applicable federal, state, and local regulatory agency quality standards. DISTRICT shall monitor recycled water deliveries and use sites as it deems necessary and in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulatory agency requirements. ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com (2) USER shall: ■ Make application for recycled water service. ■ Pay all fees and deposits for recycled water service. ■ Post all required warning signs informing the public and all on -site and off -site personnel (employees, tenants, occupants, and CITY staff) that recycled water is being used on -site and off -site for irrigation purposes. ■ Install and maintain a certified backflow device on all potable water sources including, but not limited to, the DISTRICT'S potable water meters, all exterior sources of potable water on- and offsite, and all potable water supplies to fountains, ponds, and/or swimming pools. ■ Designate a Site Supervisor. The Site Supervisor must/will: a) Be knowledgeable about recycled water and how it is manufactured. b) Be the contact person at USER's site, and be available at all times to contact and respond in the event of an emergency. c) Be knowledgeable about the practices and procedures of using recycled water. d) Be responsible for the safe and efficient use of recycled water. e) Provide instruction and training to on -site and off -site personnel in the proper handling of recycled water and the potential health hazards involved with its use. f) Submit plans to the DISTRICT for all proposed changes to the irrigation system on the USER's site(s) for review and approval prior to any modifications being made. g) Have all proposed changes approved by the DISTRICT inspected by the DISTRICT'S staff during construction. h) Maintain irrigation system record drawings of USER's site(s). i) Communicate all recycled water rules and regulations to on -site and off -site personnel. j) Be knowledgeable of all on -site and off -site potable water systems, and take appropriate measures to prevent cross - connection with the recycled water system. k) Inform DISTRICT of all system failures or cross -connection events so that appropriate measures may be taken to mitigate the contamination or pollution. If the USER desires to designate another person as Site Supervisor, then the USER is responsible for notifying DISTRICT in writing of such action. In the event that someone other than the USER is designated as the Site Supervisor and this person is no longer associated with the property, the USER shall again be considered the Site Supervisor and will assume the above -listed requirements until an approved Site Supervisor is designated. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com ■ Identify all above -ground fittings and appurtenances, etc. as containing recycled water and not suitable for human consumption. Signs shall be painted or otherwise permanently affixed to equipment. ■ Altogether avoid introducing recycled water into any potable/domestic water piping system and no connection shall be made between equipment containing, or having contained, recycled water and/or any part of a domestic water system until such time as equipment has been properly disinfected. ■ Take full responsibility for providing, operating, maintaining, and repairing USER pipelines, together with all appurtenant facilities, as are necessary to accept, convey, control, and use the recycled water in compliance with the applicable requirements of DISTRICT, federal, state, CITY's Conditions of Approval, and local regulatory agencies on their respective owned or controlled lands. ■ Allow recycled water to be used only on the areas depicted on the attached exhibit and irrigation construction plans. ■ Allow recycled water use between the hours of 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. E. USER Acknowledgment USER acknowledges it is understood that: (1) DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System's purpose is to control the biological quality of the recycled water resulting from its operation. (2) Said System is not equipped to detect, treat, or remove harmful chemicals or toxic materials, except as required to meet federal, state, and local regulatory agency discharge standards. F. Indemnification USER, CITY, and the DISTRICT each agree, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to indemnify and hold the other party, and its directors, officers, employees, or authorized volunteers harmless from any claims, damage, liability, or cost (including attorneys' fees and costs of defense) to the extent caused by the indemnifying party's negligent acts, errors, or omissions in the performance of this agreement, including such negligent acts, errors, or omissions by sub -contractors or others for whom the indemnifying party is legally liable; provided, however, that this indemnity shall not apply to any acts, errors, or omissions attributable to the indemnified party, its directors, officers, employees, authorized volunteers, sub -contractors, or to any others for whom the indemnified party is legally liable. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com 2. USE TERMS AND CONDITIONS Use of the recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: A. Rules and Regulations All recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be used only for approved uses on the specified use site, as shown and depicted as USER and CITY lands on attached Exhibit "A," in compliance with applicable rules and regulations of DISTRICT, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies, including CITY's Conditions of Approval. This Agreement has no application to the operation of the DISTRICT'S sewer and domestic water operation, including the assessment of fees and the enforcement of rules and regulations pertaining thereto. USER must comply with all rules and regulations of the DISTRICT pertaining to any properties owned or maintained by USER that connect to the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System. Failure to observe all regulations governing the use of recycled water will result in the immediate termination of recycled water service until such time as the deficiencies are corrected to the satisfaction of the DISTRICT. Failure to observe said regulations shall be subject to Unauthorized Use Charges established by the DISTRICT. B. Reclamation Requirements USER shall apply to the DISTRICT for all applicable use permits. DISTRICT shall apply for all required Permits of Reclamation Requirements from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, hereinafter referred to as the Regional Board, covering the use of the disinfected recycled water to be delivered and used pursuant to this Agreement. USER shall comply with the provisions of such Reclamation Requirements. USER shall use recycled water on only those areas specified in such Reclamation Requirements, unless otherwise provided for in future amendments to said Reclamation Requirements. C. Responsibility for Conveyance and Control (1) DISTRICT DISTRICT shall be solely responsible for conveying and controlling the recycled water up to and including the Point of Delivery provided for in Paragraph LA., above. (2) USER USER shall be responsible for conveying and controlling, in compliance with applicable regulatory agency requirements, the recycled water delivered through USER's facilities, from the Point of Delivery as shown on the attached Exhibit "A," and the DISTRICT shall have no responsibility whatsoever relative to said USER's facilities. ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com 3. PURCHASE PRICE During the term of this Agreement, the USER shall pay to the DISTRICT the in -effect commodity and applicable service charges, which are modified from time to time, as published in the DISTRICT'S Customer Guide to Rates and Charges. * The District reserves the right to modify or adjust the rate schedule(s) for providing recycled water to reflect changes in the District's operating costs, if any, as determined by the District. 4. QUANTITY DISTRICT agrees to sell and deliver and USER agrees to purchase, accept delivery of, control, and use recycled water at an average basic quantity in the amount of ( ) gallons per day. Said quantity shall be delivered on an "as available" basis. 5. BILLING FOR RECYCLED WATER DISTRICT will render monthly billings for recycled water deliveries made during the preceding month to the USER, based on the meter reading at the Point of Delivery. Billings, in accordance with the DISTRICT'S prevailing rules and regulations, shall be paid within thirty days of the date thereof. Any late payments shall be considered delinquent and shall be subject to the DISTRICT'S standard penalty charges and disconnection procedures then in effect. 6. ASSIGNMENT Except as provided below, the USER shall not assign any of its individual or collective rights under this Agreement to any person or entity, or become associated with any other party involving, in anyway, the recycled water to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement without the prior written consent of the DISTRICT and of any regulatory agencies having jurisdiction, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the event USER desires to enter into a transaction for the sale or financing of the use site, DISTRICT will not unreasonably withhold its consent to continue to provide recycled water contingent upon the new owner complying with the terms of this Agreement. 7. TERM OF AGREEMENT The term of this Agreement shall begin with the date of Agreement (first written above) and shall continue until terminated by the USER or DISTRICT. E ��1enL��wer7L�P►1 A. USER or DISTRICT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement, with no financial liability to the other party or CITY, by giving thirty working days' written notice, as long as both parties mutually agree. B. DISTRICT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement, with no financial liability to the USER or CITY, for USER'S noncompliance with applicable use and/or payment requirements. IL/ ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com C. Notwithstanding Paragraph 1.13., the DISTRICT shall also have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving the USER and CITY ten days' written notice in the event the wastewater treatment criteria under which the DISTRICT currently operates is changed by operation of law, or by any regulatory agency having jurisdiction, such that the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System, as it presently exists, cannot produce wastewater that complies with such changes without incurring additional costs or modifications to said facilities. D. Upon termination of this Agreement by either the USER or the DISTRICT, within thirty calendar days of termination, the USER shall make a payment to the DISTRICT for all costs to remove recycled water service from the Point of Delivery to the DISTRICT'S recycled water main (hereinafter referred to a "Service Lateral"). After thirty calendar days, if a payment has not been made by the USER, the DISTRICT may elect to remove the Service Lateral and lien the USER lands for the amount due. 9. RECORDATION AGAINST TITLE This Agreement shall be recorded against the title to the real property for which recycled water is used pursuant to this Agreement in the county in which the real property is situated. The obligations set forth herein shall accordingly transfer to subsequent purchasers of the real property. 10. ATTORNEYS' FEES In the event of litigation or arbitration between the parties hereto arising out of this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys' fees and costs to be fixed by the court or by arbitration. 11. PREPARATION OF THIS AGREEMENT This Agreement shall not be construed against the party preparing it, but shall be construed as if both parties prepared it. 12. CAPTIONS Captions to Paragraph/Subparagraphs of this Agreement are for convenience purposes only and are not part of this Agreement. 13. PROVISIONS BINDING This Agreement and Exhibit "A" attached shall be binding upon and shall inure to the heirs, representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties of this Agreement. The DISTRICT, CITY and USER intend that the benefits and burdens described herein constitute covenants running with the land for the benefit of the USER lands. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com 14. CERTIFICATION The undersigned PROPERTY OWNER and RECYCLED WATER SITE SUPERVISOR hereby certify compliance with all operational responsibilities contained in Section 1.D.(2) above. 15. AUTHORITY TO SIGN AGREEMENT The undersigned individuals hereby warrant and represent that they each have full legal authority to sign this Agreement and bind the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as of the day, month, and year first above written. RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT By: Robert S. Grantham, General Manager Date CITY OF TEMECULA By: Zak Schwank, Mayor Date Attest: By: Randi Johl, City Clerk Approved as to form: By: Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney Rancho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com Exhibit "A" Point of Delivery Rancho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT APPLICATION FOR USE OF RECYCLED WATER PROJECT NAME: PROJECT ADDRESS: LOCATION: DEVELOPER: CONTACT PERSON: ADDRESS: PHONE: *SITE SUPERVISOR: PHONE: (DAY) (NIGHT) PAGER: DESCRIPTION OF RECYCLED WATER USE START DATE: END DATE: QUANTITY (GALLONS PER DAY): MEANS OF DISTRIBUTION: DEVELOPER SIGNATURE CUSTOMER SIGNATURE DATE DATE *MUST BE ABLE TO CONTACT 24 HOURS/DAY M nchn California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com RECORDING REQUESTED BY AND WHEN RECORDED MAIL TO: RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT 42135 Winchester Road Temecula, CA 92590-4800 Exempt from Recording Fee (Gov. Code §6103) LOCATION NO. SPACE ABOVE THIS LINE FOR RECORDER'S USE RECYCLED WATER AGREEMENT RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT RA — — THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into this day of 20 by and between Rancho California Water District, a public agency ("DISTRICT"), and (Property Owner[s]lAgency Name) ("Owner"), the owner of Parcel No. of Parcel Map No. , APN , and the City of Temecula, a public agency ("CITY"). Owner shall hereinafter be referred to as "USER." A. The Santa Rosa Regional Resources Authority ("SRRRA"), a Joint Powers Authority formed by several water districts including the DISTRICT, owns and operates a major system of sewage interceptor, transmission, treatment, disposal, and water reclamation facilities, hereafter referred to as DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System; and B. Water that has been completely treated through the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System shall hereinafter be referred to as recycled water; and C. Pipelines conveying recycled water shall hereinafter be referred to as recycled water mains; and D. In accordance with DISTRICT policies, the recycled water, which results from the operation of the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System, has been made available for approved uses; and E. USER desires to purchase, accept delivery of, control, and use the quantity of recycled water provided for in Paragraph 4 herein for approved irrigation purposes within the boundaries of the DISTRICT, under the terms and conditions set forth below; and F. Such sales and deliveries would be in accordance with the DISTRICT'S policy of using recycled water for beneficial purposes; and G. DISTRICT is willing to sell and deliver recycled water for irrigation purposes under the terms and conditions set forth below. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com In consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, it is mutually agreed as follows: 1. SALE AND DELIVERY TERMS AND CONDITIONS A. Point of Delivery The recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be measured through the DISTRICT -owned, -operated, and -maintained metering facilities located at the Point of Delivery shown on the attached Exhibit "A." Any facilities that have been or shall be installed by DISTRICT at USER'S request shall be paid for by the USER, in accordance with applicable DISTRICT Rules and Regulations. B. Availability Acknowledgment The USER acknowledges that the DISTRICT does not guarantee the availability of recycled water throughout the term of this Agreement due to possible changes in regulatory agency requirements, reduction in plant flow, demands from other recycled water use areas, and/or other conditions beyond DISTRICT'S control. USER holds DISTRICT free and harmless from any and all legal liabilities and/or economic losses that it may sustain as the result of discontinuance or reduction in amount of delivery of recycled water as specified above. C. Pressure The recycled water to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall, as far as possible, be delivered at the Point of Delivery shown on the attached Exhibit "A." USER shall be responsible for, at its cost, providing any and all devices to increase or decrease delivery pressure, and/or any and all conveyance equipment (e.g. piping, pumps, etc.) required to deliver the recycled water to the point(s) of use. USER agrees not to operate its recycled water system in a fashion that may cause surge pressures to propagate past the Point of Delivery into the DISTRICT'S recycled water mains. D. Facility Provision and Operational Responsibility (1) DISTRICT shall be responsible for providing and operating its Regional Water Reclamation System facilities, up to and including the Point of Delivery, in compliance with the applicable requirements of DISTRICT, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies. DISTRICT shall be responsible for supplying recycled water, which meets or exceeds all applicable federal, state, and local regulatory agency quality standards. DISTRICT shall monitor recycled water deliveries and use sites as it deems necessary and in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulatory agency requirements. ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com (2) USER shall: ■ Make application for recycled water service. ■ Pay all fees and deposits for recycled water service. ■ Post all required warning signs informing the public and all on -site and off -site personnel (employees, tenants, occupants, and CITY staff) that recycled water is being used on -site and off -site for irrigation purposes. ■ Install and maintain a certified backflow device on all potable water sources including, but not limited to, the DISTRICT'S potable water meters, all exterior sources of potable water on- and offsite, and all potable water supplies to fountains, ponds, and/or swimming pools. ■ Designate a Site Supervisor. The Site Supervisor must/will: a) Be knowledgeable about recycled water and how it is manufactured. b) Be the contact person at USER's site, and be available at all times to contact and respond in the event of an emergency. c) Be knowledgeable about the practices and procedures of using recycled water. d) Be responsible for the safe and efficient use of recycled water. e) Provide instruction and training to on -site and off -site personnel in the proper handling of recycled water and the potential health hazards involved with its use. f) Submit plans to the DISTRICT for all proposed changes to the irrigation system on the USER's site(s) for review and approval prior to any modifications being made. g) Have all proposed changes approved by the DISTRICT inspected by the DISTRICT'S staff during construction. h) Maintain irrigation system record drawings of USER's site(s). i) Communicate all recycled water rules and regulations to on -site and off -site personnel. j) Be knowledgeable of all on -site and off -site potable water systems, and take appropriate measures to prevent cross - connection with the recycled water system. k) Inform DISTRICT of all system failures or cross -connection events so that appropriate measures may be taken to mitigate the contamination or pollution. If the USER desires to designate another person as Site Supervisor, then the USER is responsible for notifying DISTRICT in writing of such action. In the event that someone other than the USER is designated as the Site Supervisor and this person is no longer associated with the property, the USER shall again be considered the Site Supervisor and will assume the above -listed requirements until an approved Site Supervisor is designated. IL/ ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com ■ Identify all above -ground fittings and appurtenances, etc. as containing recycled water and not suitable for human consumption. Signs shall be painted or otherwise permanently affixed to equipment. ■ Altogether avoid introducing recycled water into any potable/domestic water piping system and no connection shall be made between equipment containing, or having contained, recycled water and/or any part of a domestic water system until such time as equipment has been properly disinfected. ■ Take full responsibility for providing, operating, maintaining, and repairing USER pipelines, together with all appurtenant facilities, as are necessary to accept, convey, control, and use the recycled water in compliance with the applicable requirements of DISTRICT, federal, state, CITY's Conditions of Approval, and local regulatory agencies on their respective owned or controlled lands. ■ Allow recycled water to be used only on the areas depicted on the attached exhibit and irrigation construction plans. ■ Allow recycled water use between the hours of 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. E. USER Acknowledgment USER acknowledges it is understood that: (1) DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System's purpose is to control the biological quality of the recycled water resulting from its operation. (2) Said System is not equipped to detect, treat, or remove harmful chemicals or toxic materials, except as required to meet federal, state, and local regulatory agency discharge standards. F. Indemnification USER, CITY, and the DISTRICT each agree, to the fullest extent permitted by law, to indemnify and hold the other party, and its directors, officers, employees, or authorized volunteers harmless from any claims, damage, liability, or cost (including attorneys' fees and costs of defense) to the extent caused by the indemnifying party's negligent acts, errors, or omissions in the performance of this agreement, including such negligent acts, errors, or omissions by sub -contractors or others for whom the indemnifying party is legally liable; provided, however, that this indemnity shall not apply to any acts, errors, or omissions attributable to the indemnified party, its directors, officers, employees, authorized volunteers, sub -contractors, or to any others for whom the indemnified party is legally liable. M ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com 2. USE TERMS AND CONDITIONS Use of the recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: A. Rules and Regulations All recycled water delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be used only for approved uses on the specified use site, as shown and depicted as USER and CITY lands on attached Exhibit "A," in compliance with applicable rules and regulations of DISTRICT, federal, state, and local regulatory agencies, including CITY's Conditions of Approval. This Agreement has no application to the operation of the DISTRICT'S sewer and domestic water operation, including the assessment of fees and the enforcement of rules and regulations pertaining thereto. USER must comply with all rules and regulations of the DISTRICT pertaining to any properties owned or maintained by USER that connect to the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System. Failure to observe all regulations governing the use of recycled water will result in the immediate termination of recycled water service until such time as the deficiencies are corrected to the satisfaction of the DISTRICT. Failure to observe said regulations shall be subject to Unauthorized Use Charges established by the DISTRICT. B. Reclamation Requirements USER shall apply to the DISTRICT for all applicable use permits. DISTRICT shall apply for all required Permits of Reclamation Requirements from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, hereinafter referred to as the Regional Board, covering the use of the disinfected recycled water to be delivered and used pursuant to this Agreement. USER shall comply with the provisions of such Reclamation Requirements. USER shall use recycled water on only those areas specified in such Reclamation Requirements, unless otherwise provided for in future amendments to said Reclamation Requirements. C. Responsibility for Conveyance and Control (1) DISTRICT DISTRICT shall be solely responsible for conveying and controlling the recycled water up to and including the Point of Delivery provided for in Paragraph 1.A., above. (2) USER USER shall be responsible for conveying and controlling, in compliance with applicable regulatory agency requirements, the recycled water delivered through USER's facilities, from the Point of Delivery as shown on the attached Exhibit "A," and the DISTRICT shall have no responsibility whatsoever relative to said USER's facilities. ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com K 01C%l:/-M4:1.1140 During the term of this Agreement, the USER shall pay to the DISTRICT the in -effect commodity and applicable service charges, which are modified from time to time, as published in the DISTRICT'S Customer Guide to Rates and Charges. * The District reserves the right to modify or adjust the rate schedule(s) for providing recycled water to reflect changes in the District's operating costs, if any, as determined by the District. 4. QUANTITY DISTRICT agrees to sell and deliver and USER agrees to purchase, accept delivery of, control, and use recycled water at an average basic quantity in the amount of ( ) gallons per day. Said quantity shall be delivered on an "as available" basis. 5. BILLING FOR RECYCLED WATER DISTRICT will render monthly billings for recycled water deliveries made during the preceding month to the USER, based on the meter reading at the Point of Delivery. Billings, in accordance with the DISTRICT'S prevailing rules and regulations, shall be paid within thirty days of the date thereof. Any late payments shall be considered delinquent and shall be subject to the DISTRICT'S standard penalty charges and disconnection procedures then in effect. 6. ASSIGNMENT Except as provided below, the USER shall not assign any of its individual or collective rights under this Agreement to any person or entity, or become associated with any other party involving, in any way, the recycled water to be delivered pursuant to this Agreement without the prior written consent of the DISTRICT and of any regulatory agencies having jurisdiction, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. In the event USER desires to enter into a transaction for the sale or financing of the use site, DISTRICT will not unreasonably withhold its consent to continue to provide recycled water contingent upon the new owner complying with the terms of this Agreement. 7. TERM OF AGREEMENT The term of this Agreement shall begin with the date of Agreement (first written above) and shall continue until terminated by the USER or DISTRICT. 8. CANCELLATION A. USER or DISTRICT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement, with no financial liability to the other party or CITY, by giving thirty working days' written notice, as long as both parties mutually agree. B. DISTRICT shall have the right to terminate this Agreement, with no financial liability to the USER or CITY, for USER'S noncompliance with applicable use and/or payment requirements. IL/ ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com C. Notwithstanding Paragraph 1.13., the DISTRICT shall also have the right to terminate this Agreement by giving the USER and CITY ten days' written notice in the event the wastewater treatment criteria under which the DISTRICT currently operates is changed by operation of law, or by any regulatory agency having jurisdiction, such that the DISTRICT'S Regional Water Reclamation System, as it presently exists, cannot produce wastewater that complies with such changes without incurring additional costs or modifications to said facilities. D. Upon termination of this Agreement by either the USER or the DISTRICT, within thirty calendar days of termination, the USER shall make a payment to the DISTRICT for all costs to remove recycled water service from the Point of Delivery to the DISTRICT'S recycled water main (hereinafter referred to a "Service Lateral"). After thirty calendar days, if a payment has not been made by the USER, the DISTRICT may elect to remove the Service Lateral and lien the USER lands for the amount due. 9. RECORDATION AGAINST TITLE This Agreement shall be recorded against the title to the real property for which recycled water is used pursuant to this Agreement in the county in which the real property is situated. The obligations set forth herein shall accordingly transfer to subsequent purchasers of the real property. 10. ATTORNEYS' FEES In the event of litigation or arbitration between the parties hereto arising out of this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to reasonable attorneys' fees and costs to be fixed by the court or by arbitration. 11. PREPARATION OF THIS AGREEMENT This Agreement shall not be construed against the party preparing it, but shall be construed as if both parties prepared it. 12. CAPTIONS Captions to Paragraph/Subparagraphs of this Agreement are for convenience purposes only and are not part of this Agreement. 13. PROVISIONS BINDING This Agreement and Exhibit "A" attached shall be binding upon and shall inure to the heirs, representatives, successors, and assigns of the parties of this Agreement. The DISTRICT, CITY and USER intend that the benefits and burdens described herein constitute covenants running with the land for the benefit of the USER lands. 14. CERTIFICATION IL/ ncho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com The undersigned PROPERTY OWNER and RECYCLED WATER SITE SUPERVISOR hereby certify compliance with all operational responsibilities contained in Section 1.D.(2) above. 15. AUTHORITY TO SIGN AGREEMENT The undersigned individuals hereby warrant and represent that they each have full legal authority to sign this Agreement and bind the parties hereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as of the day, month, and year first above written. RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT By: Robert S. Grantham, General Manager Date CITY OF TEMECULA By: (Signature) Date (Print Nome) Its: (Title/Position) (OWNER NAME) Rancho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com By: (Signature) Date (Print Nome) Its: (Title/Position) Rancho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com Exhibit "A" Point of Delivery Rancho California Water District 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com RANCHO CALIFORNIA WATER DISTRICT APPLICATION FOR USE OF RECYCLED WATER PROJECT NAME: PROJECT ADDRESS: LOCATION: DEVELOPER: CONTACT PERSON: ADDRESS: PHONE: *SITE SUPERVISOR: PHONE: (DAY) (NIGHT) PAGER: DESCRIPTION OF RECYCLED WATER USE START DATE: END DATE: QUANTITY (GALLONS PER DAY): MEANS OF DISTRIBUTION: DEVELOPER SIGNATURE CUSTOMER SIGNATURE DATE DATE *MUST BE ABLE TO CONTACT 24 HOURS/DAY M nchn California Water Distr 42135 Winchester Road • Temecula, California 92590-4800 • (951) 296-6900 • FAX (951) 296-6860 • www.ranchowater.com Item No. 7 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Luke Watson, Deputy City Manager DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Approve First Amendment to the Agreement for On Call Services with Keyser Marston and Associates, Inc. PREPARED BY: Brandon Rabidou, Principal Management Analyst RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council approve the first amendment to the agreement with Keyser Marston Associates, Inc., in the amount of $110,000, for a total agreement of $275,000, for on call services. BACKGROUND: From time to time, Keyser Marson and Associates, Inc. provides various on call services to the City of Temecula to support affordable housing analysis, land use scenario planning, fiscal impact analysis, and other similar services. These services help the City Council, staff, and the community understand potential impacts to various proposals that come before the City of Temecula. FISCAL IMPACT: There are sufficient funds budgeted in the Planning line item 001.161.999.5248 for these services. ATTACHMENTS: Amendment FIRST AMENDMENT TO AGREEMENT BETWEEN CITY OF TEMECULA AND KEYSER MARSTON ASSOCIATES, INC. ON CALL CONSULTANT SERVICES THIS FIRST AMENDMENT is made and entered into as of August 8, 2023, by and between the City of Temecula, a municipal corporation (hereinafter referred to as "City"), and Keyser Marston Associates, Inc., a Corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Consultant"). In consideration of the mutual covenants and conditions set forth herein, the parties agree as follows: 1. This Amendment is made with the respect to the following facts and purposes a. On March 1, 2020, the City and Consultant entered into that certain Agreement entitled "Agreement for Consultant Services between City of Temecula and Keyser Marston Associates, Inc.," in the amount of $165,000.00. b. The parties now desire to extend the term of the agreement to June 30, 2025, increase the payment in the amount of $110,000.00 and to amend the Agreement as set forth in this Amendment. 2. Section 1 of the Agreement entitled "TERM" is hereby amended to read as follows: "This Agreement shall remain and continue in effect until tasks herein are completed, but in no event later than June 30, 2025, unless sooner terminated pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement. 3. Section 4 of the Agreement entitled "PAYMENT" at paragraph "a" is hereby amended to read as follows: The City agrees to pay Consultant monthly, in accordance with the payment rates and schedules and terms set forth in Exhibit B, Payment Rates and Schedule, attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference as though set forth in full, based upon actual time spent on the above tasks. Any terms in Exhibit B, other than the payment rates and schedule of payment, are null and void. The First Amendment amount shall not exceed one hundred ten thousand dollars and zero cents ($110,000.00), for a total Agreement amount of two hundred seventy- five thousand dollars and zero cents ($275,000.00). 4. Except for the changes specifically set forth herein, all other terms and conditions of the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed the day and year first above written. CITY OF TEMECULA By: Aaron Adams, City Manager ATTEST: By: Randl Johl, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: By: Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney KEYSER MARSTON ASSOCIATES, INC. By: flcLA,'e Paul C. Marra, Vice President By: CONSULTANT Keyser Marston Associates, Inc. Attn: Paul Marra 655 West Beech Streetr Suite 460 619 718-9600 _W-- arr ka sermarston.corn Purchasin r. Initials 2 OBI09 MI Item No. 8 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Patrick Thomas, Director of Public Works/City Engineer DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Adopt Resolution to Approve the Administering Agency - State Agreement - Master Agreement No. 08-5459S21 with the State of California, Department of Transportation PREPARED BY: Julie Tarrant, Principal Management Analyst RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council adopt a resolution entitled: RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO APPROVE THE ADMINISTERING AGENCY - STATE AGREEMENT - MASTER AGREEMENT NO. 08- 5459S21 AND AUTHORIZE THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE AGREEMENT AND ALL PERTINENT PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT AGREEMENTS FOR STATE FUNDED PROJECTS BACKGROUND: On March 8, 2011, City Council adopted Resolution No. 11-24 to approve the Administering Agency -State Agreement for State -Funded Projects, Master Agreement No. 00325S. Periodically, the Legislature of the State of California may enact new legislation by which certain State Funds are made available for use on local transportation related projects public entities qualified to act as recipients of these state funds. Before State Funds will be made available for projects, the Administering Agency and State are required to enter into an agreement to establish terms and conditions applicable to public entities when receiving State Funds. Relevant to the City's grant award of $1,502,000 in Active Transportation Program -Senate Bill 1 (ATP-SB 1) program funds for the Santa Gertrudis Creek Phase II — Margarita Road Undercrossing from the California Transportation Commission (CTC), we are required to enter into a new Master Agreement, Administering Agency -State Agreement for State Funded Project, Agreement No. 08- 5459S21. The Master Agreement has been revised to incorporate the various changes in regulations and policies, as defined in the Local Assistance Program Guidelines (LAPG) and/or in the current CTC Guidelines, for use on local authorized transportation related projects as a local administered project(s). In addition to the Master Agreement, Administering Agency - State Agreement for State Funded Project, Agreement No. 08-5459521, this Agreement shall have no force or effect with respect to any program project unless and until a project -specific Program Supplement to the Agreement for State funded projects has been fully executed by both State and Administering Agency. Therefore, the Administering Agency agrees to execute the project -specific Program Supplement Agreement No's. OOOOOA212 and OOOOOA213, for State Only Funds in the amount of $1,462,000, and $40,000, respectively. The Program Supplement Agreement (PSA) sets out special covenants and a condition for the Administering Agency to receive State Funds for designated projects. The PSA also show these State fund that have been initially encumbered for the Project, along with the match funds to be provided by the administering Agency. Execution of the PSA by all parties shall cause Administering Agency to adopt all terms of the Master Agreement, as though fully set forth therein in the PSA. FISCAL IMPACT: The Santa Gertrudis Creek Phase II — Margarita Road Undercrossing project is identified in the City's Capital Improvement Program for Fiscal Years 2024-28. Adequate funds are available to include ATP-SB 1 program funds in the amount of $1,502,000, and Measure S. There is no fiscal impact to approve and execute the Master Agreement and Program Supplement Agreements. ATTACHMENTS: 1. Resolution 2. Master Agreement No. 08-5459521 3. Program Supplement Agreement No. OOOOOA212 4. Program Supplement Agreement No. OOOOOA213 RESOLUTION NO. 2023- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA TO APPROVE THE ADMINISTERING AGENCY - STATE AGREEMENT - MASTER AGREEMENT NO. 08-5459521 AND AUTHORIZE THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE AGREEMENT AND ALL PERTINENT PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT AGREEMENTS FOR STATE FUNDED PROJECTS THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TEMECULA DOES HEREBY RESOLVE AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. The Legislature of the State of California has enacted legislation by which certain State funds are made available for use on local transportation related projects of public entities qualified to act as recipients of these state funds; and Section 2. The Administering Agency has applied to the California Transportation Commission (CTC) and/or State for funding from a State - funded program, as defined in the Local Assistance Program Guidelines (LAPG) and/or in the respective CTC Guidelines, for use on local authorized transportation related projects as a local administered project(s), hereinafter referred to as "PROJECT"; and Section 3. Said PROJECT will not receive any federal funds; and Section 4. Before State funds will be made available for PROJECT, Administering Agency and State are required to enter into an agreement to establish terms and conditions applicable to the Administering Agency with receiving State funds for a designated PROJECT facility and to the subsequent operation and maintenance of the completed facility; and Section 5. The Program Supplement sets out special covenants as a condition for the Administering Agency to receive State Funds from/through State for designated project(s) and shall also show these State Funds that have been initial encumbered for PROJECT along with the matching funds to be provided by the Administering Agency; and Section 6. Program Supplement Agreement Nos. OOOOOA212 and OOOOOA213 encumber State Funds in the amount of $1,462,000 and $40,000, respectively, for the Santa Gertrudis Creek Phase II — Margarita Road Undercrossing, Lighting, Signage, and Public Outreach Campaign; and Section 7. The City Council approve the Administering Agency - State Agreement for State Funded Projects — Master Agreement No. 08-5459521 and authorize the City Manager to execute the Agreement and all Pertinent Program Supplement Agreements for State Funded Projects. PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Temecula this 22nd day of August, 2023. Zak Schwank, Mayor ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk [SEAL] STATE OF CALIFORNIA ) COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ) ss CITY OF TEMECULA ) I, Randi Johl, City Clerk of the City of Temecula, do hereby certify that the foregoing Resolution No. 2023- was duly and regularly adopted by the City Council of the City of Temecula at a meeting thereof held on the 22nd day of August, 2023, by the following vote: AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSTAIN: COUNCIL MEMBERS: ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: Randi Johl, City Clerk MASTER AGREEMENT ADMINISTERING AGENCY -STATE AGREEMENT STATE -FUNDED PROJECTS 08 City of Temecula -------- ---------------------------------------------- District Administering Agency Agreement No. 08-5459521 This AGREEMENT, is entered into effective this day of , 20 , by and between the City of Temecula, hereinafter referred to as "ADMINISTERING AGENCY," and the State of California, acting by and through its Department of Transportation (Caltrans), hereinafter referred to as "STATE", and together referred to as "PARTIES" or individually as a "PARTY." RECITALS: 1. WHEREAS, the Legislature of the State of California has enacted legislation by which certain State funds are made available for use on local transportation related projects of public entities qualified to act as recipients of these state funds; and 2. WHEREAS, ADMINISTERING AGENCY has applied t Commission (CTC) and/or STATE for funding from a referred to as STATE FUNDS), as defined in the Local (LAPG) and/or in the respective CTC Guidelines, transportation related projects as a local administered to as "PROJECT"; and the California Transportation State -funded program (herein Assistance Program Guidelines for use on local authorized project(s), hereinafter referred 3. WHEREAS, said PROJECT will not receive any federal funds; and 4. WHEREAS, before STATE FUNDS will be made available for PROJECT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY and STATE are required to enter into an agreement to establish terms and conditions applicable to the ADMINISTERING AGENCY when receiving STATE FUNDS for a designated PROJECT facility and to the subsequent operation and maintenance of that completed facility. NOW, THEREFORE, the PARTIES agree as follows: Page 1 of 15 ARTICLE I - PROJECT ADMINISTRATION 1. This AGREEMENT shall have no force or effect with respect to any program project unless and until a project- specific Program Supplement to this AGREEMENT for state funded projects, hereinafter referred to as "PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT", has been fully executed by both STATE and ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 2. The State approved project -specific allocation notification letter and approved CTC allocation documentation designate the party responsible for implementing PROJECT, type of work, and location of PROJECT for projects requiring CTC allocation by PROJECT component of work. 3. The PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT sets out special covenants as a condition for the ADMINISTERING AGENCY to receive STATE FUNDS from/through STATE for designated PROJECT. The PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT shall also show these STATE FUNDS that have been initially encumbered for PROJECT along with the matching funds to be provided by ADMINISTERING AGENCY and/or others. Execution of PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT by the PARTIES shall cause ADMINISTERING AGENCY to adopt all the terms of this AGREEMENT as though fully set forth therein in the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. Unless otherwise expressly delegated in a resolution by the governing body of ADMINISTERING AGENCY, and with written concurrence by STATE, the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT shall be approved and managed by the governing body of ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 4. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to execute and return each project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. The PARTIES agree that STATE may suspend future allocations, encumbrances and invoice payments for any on- going or future STATE FUNDED PROJECT performed by ADMINISTERING AGENCY if any project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT is not returned, unless otherwise agreed by STATE in writing. 5. ADMINISTERING AGENCY further agrees, as a condition to the release and payment of STATE FUNDS encumbered for the PROJECT described in each PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, to comply with the terms and conditions of this AGREEMENT and all the agreed -upon Special Covenants or Remarks incorporated within the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, and Cooperative/Contribution Agreement where appropriate, defining and identifying the nature of the specific PROJECT. 6. STATE FUNDS will not participate in any portion of PROJECT work performed in advance of the effective date of allocation by CTC, or by STATE for allocations delegated to STATE by CTC, for said PROJECT. 7. Projects allocated with STATE FUNDS will be administered in accordance with the current CTC STIP Guidelines, applicable chapter(s) of the LAPG, LAPM and/or any other instructions published by STATE. 8. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to ensure compliance with all relevant State laws and requirements for work related to PROJECT, including the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 9. ADMINISTERING AGENCY's eligible costs for preliminary engineering work includes all preliminary work directly related to PROJECT up to contract award for construction, including, but not limited to, environmental studies and permits (E&P), preliminary surveys and reports, laboratory work, soil investigations, the preparation of plans, specifications and estimates (PS&E), advertising for bids, awarding of a contract and project development contract administration. Page 2 of 15 10. ADMINISTERING AGENCY's eligible costs for construction engineering include actual inspection and supervision of PROJECT construction work; construction staking; laboratory and field testing; and the preparation and processing of field reports, records, estimates, final reports, and allowable expenses of employees/consultants engaged in such activities. 11. Unless the PARTIES agree otherwise in writing, ADMINISTERING AGENCY's employees or its contracted engineering consultant shall be responsible for all PROJECT engineering work. 12. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall not proceed with final design of PROJECT until final environmental approval of PROJECT. Final design entails the design work necessary to complete the PS&E and other work necessary for a construction contract but not required earlier for environmental clearance of that PROJECT. 13. If PROJECT is not on STATE -owned right-of-way, PROJECT shall be constructed in accordance with Chapter 11 of the LAPM that describes minimum statewide design standards for local agency streets and roads. The design standards for projects off the National Highway System (NHS) allow STATE to accept either the current Caltrans Highway Design Manual standards, the current FHWA-adopted American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets standards, or the approved geometric design standards of ADMINISTERING AGENCY. Additionally, for projects off the NHS, STATE will accept ADMINISTERING AGENCY -approved standard specifications, standard plans, materials sampling and testing quality assurance programs that meet the conditions described in the then current Local Assistance Procedures Manual. 14. If PROJECT involves work within or partially within STATE -owned right-of-way, that PROJECT shall also be subject to compliance with the policies, procedures and standards of the STATE Project Development Procedures Manual and Highway Design Manual and where appropriate, an executed cooperative agreement between STATE and ADMINISTERING AGENCY that outlines the PROJECT responsibilities and respective obligations of the PARTIES. ADMINISTERING AGENCY and its contractors shall each obtain an encroachment permit through STATE prior to commencing any work within STATE rights -of -way or work which affects STATE facilities. 15. When PROJECT is not on the State Highway System (SHS) but includes work to be performed by a railroad, the contract for such work shall be prepared by ADMINISTERING AGENCY or by STATE, as the PARTIES may hereafter agree. In either event, ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall enter into an agreement with the railroad providing for future maintenance of protective devices or other facilities installed under the contract. 16. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall comply with the provisions of sections 4450 and 4454 of the California Government Code, as well as other Department of General Services guidance, if applicable, for the contract PS&E for the construction of buildings, structures, sidewalks, curbs and related facilities for accessibility and usability. Further requirements and guidance are provided in Title 24 of the California Code of Regulations. 17. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall provide a full-time public employee to be in responsible charge of each PROJECT. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall provide or arrange for adequate supervision and inspection of each PROJECT. ADMINISTERING AGENCY may utilize consultants to perform supervision and inspection work for PROJECT with a Page 3 of 15 fully qualified and licensed engineer. Utilization of consultants does not relieve ADMINISTERING AGENCY of its obligation to provide a full-time public employee to be in responsible charge of each PROJECT. 18. Unless otherwise provided in the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall advertise, award, and administer the PROJECT construction contract or contracts. 19. The cost of maintenance, security, or protection performed by ADMINISTERING AGENCY or contractor forces during any temporary suspension of PROJECT or at any other time may not be charged to the PROJECT. 20. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall submit PROJECT -specific award information to STATE's District Local Assistance Engineer, within sixty (60) days after contract award. 21. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall submit the final report documents that collectively constitute a "Final Project Expenditure Report", LAPM Exhibit 17-M, within one hundred eighty (180) days of PROJECT completion. Failure by ADMINISTERING AGENCY to submit a "Final Project Expenditure Report", within 180 days of project completion will result in STATE imposing sanctions upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY in accordance with the Local Assistance Procedures Manual. 22. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 that prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability and all applicable regulations and guidelines issued pursuant to the ADA. 23. The Governor and the Legislature of the State of California, each within their respective jurisdictions, have prescribed certain nondiscrimination requirements with respect to contract and other work financed with public funds. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with the requirements of the FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES ADDENDUM, attached hereto as Exhibit A and further agrees that any agreement entered into by ADMINISTERING AGENCY with a third party for performance of work connected with PROJECT shall incorporate Exhibit A (with third party's name replacing ADMINISTERING AGENCY) as parts of such agreement. 24. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall include in all contracts and subcontracts awarded when applicable, a clause that requires each subcontractor to comply with California Labor Code requirements that all workers employed on public works aspects of any project (as defined in California Labor Code sections 1720-1815) be paid not less than the general prevailing wage rates predetermined by the Department of Industrial Relations as effective at the date of contract award by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY. ARTICLE II - RIGHTS -OF -WAY 1. No contract for the construction of a STATE FUNDED PROJECT shall be awarded until all necessary rights of way have been secured. Prior to the advertising for construction of PROJECT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall certify and, upon request, shall furnish STATE with evidence that all necessary rights -of -way are available for construction purposes or will be available by the time of award of the construction contract. 2. The furnishing of rights of way by ADMINISTERING AGENCY as provided for herein includes, and is limited to, the following, unless the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT provides otherwise. (a) Expenditures of capital and support to purchase all real property required for Page 4 of 15 PROJECT free and clear of liens, conflicting easements, obstructions and encumbrances, after crediting PROJECT with the fair market value of any excess property retained and not disposed of by ADMINISTERING AGENCY. (b) The cost of furnishing of right-of-way as provided for herein includes, in addition to real property required for the PROJECT, title free and clear of obstructions and encumbrances affecting PROJECT and the payment, as required by applicable law, of damages to owners of remainder real property not actually taken but injuriously affected by PROJECT. (c) The cost of relocation payments and services provided to owners and occupants pursuant to Government Code sections 7260-7277 when PROJECT displaces an individual, family, business, farm operation or nonprofit organization. (d) The cost of demolition and/or the sale of all improvements on the right-of-way after credit is recorded for sale proceeds used to offset PROJECT costs. (e) The cost of all unavoidable utility relocation, protection or removal. (f) The cost of all necessary hazardous material and hazardous waste treatment, encapsulation or removal and protective storage for which ADMINISTERING AGENCY accepts responsibility and where the actual generator cannot be identified, and recovery made. 3. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to indemnify and hold STATE harmless from any liability that may result in the event the right-of-way for a PROJECT is not clear as certified by ADMINISTERING AGENCY, including, but not limited to, if said right-of-way is found to contain hazardous materials requiring treatment or removal to remediate in accordance with Federal and State laws. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall pay, from its own non- matching funds, any costs which arise out of delays to the construction of PROJECT because utility facilities have not been timely removed or relocated, or because rights -of -way were not available to ADMINISTERING AGENCY for the orderly prosecution of PROJECT work. ARTICLE III - MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT 1. ADMINISTERING AGENCY will maintain and operate the property acquired, developed, constructed, rehabilitated, or restored by PROJECT for its intended public use until such time as the parties might amend this AGREEMENT to otherwise provide. With the approval of STATE, ADMINISTERING AGENCY or its successors in interest in the PROJECT property may transfer this obligation and responsibility to maintain and operate PROJECT property for that intended public purpose to another public entity. 2. Upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY's acceptance of the completed construction contract or upon contractor being relieved of the responsibility for maintaining and protecting PROJECT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY will be responsible for the maintenance, ownership, liability, and the expense thereof, for PROJECT in a manner satisfactory to the authorized representatives of STATE and if PROJECT falls within the jurisdictional limits of another Agency or Agencies, it is the duty of ADMINISTERING AGENCY to facilitate a separate maintenance agreement(s) between itself and the other jurisdictional Agency or Agencies providing for the operation, maintenance, ownership and liability of PROJECT. Until those agreements are executed, ADMINISTERING AGENCY will be responsible for all PROJECT operations, maintenance, ownership and liability in a manner satisfactory to the authorized representatives of STATE. If, within ninety (90) days after receipt of notice from STATE that a PROJECT, or any portion thereof, is not Page 5 of 15 being properly operated and maintained and ADMINISTERING AGENCY has not satisfactorily remedied the conditions complained of, the approval of future STATE FUNDED PROJECTS of ADMINISTERING AGENCY will be withheld until the PROJECT shall have been put in a condition of operation and maintenance satisfactory to STATE. The provisions of this section shall not apply to a PROJECT that has been vacated through due process of law with STATE's concurrence. 3. PROJECT and its facilities shall be maintained by an adequate and well -trained staff of engineers and/or such other professionals and technicians as PROJECT reasonably requires. Said operations and maintenance staff may be employees of ADMINISTERING AGENCY, another unit of government, or a contractor under agreement with ADMINISTERING AGENCY. All maintenance will be performed at regular intervals or as required for efficient operation of the complete PROJECT improvements. 4. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall comply with all applicable law, including but not limited to, all applicable legal authority regarding construction standards. ARTICLE IV - FISCAL PROVISIONS 1. All contractual obligations of STATE are subject to the appropriation of resources by the Legislature and the allocation of resources by the CTC. 2. STATE'S financial commitment of STATE FUNDS will occur only upon the execution of this AGREEMENT, the execution of each project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT and/or STATE's approved finance letter. 3. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees, as a minimum, to submit invoices in arrears for reimbursement of allowable PROJECT costs at least once every six months commencing after the STATE FUNDS are encumbered on either the project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT or through a project -specific finance letter approved by STATE. STATE reserves the right to suspend future allocations and invoice payments for any on -going or future STATE FUNDED project performed by ADMINISTERING AGENCY if PROJECT costs have not been invoiced by ADMINISTERING AGENCY for a six- month period 4. Invoices shall be submitted on a accordance with Chapter 5 of the LAPM AGENCY. For construction invoices, pay standardized billing summary template, in to claim reimbursement by ADMINISTERING estimates must be included. 5. ADMINISTERING AGENCY must retain at least one copy of supporting backup documentation for allowable costs incurred and claimed for reimbursement by ADMINISTERING AGENCY. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to submit supporting backup documentation with invoices if requested by State. Acceptable backup documentation includes, but is not limited to, agency's progress payment to the contractors, copies of cancelled checks showing amounts made payable to vendors and contractors, and/or a computerized summary of PROJECT costs. 6. Payments to ADMINISTERING AGENCY can only be released by STATE as reimbursements of actual allowable PROJECT costs already incurred and paid for by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 7. Indirect Cost Allocation Plans/Indirect Cost Rate Proposals (ICAP/ICRP), Central Service Cost Allocation Plans and related documentation are to be prepared and provided to the Inspector General - Independent Office of Audits and Investigations for review and approval prior to ADMINISTERING AGENCY seeking reimbursement of Page 6 of 15 indirect cost incurred within each fiscal year being claimed for reimbursement. ICAPs/ICRPs must be prepared in accordance with the requirements set forth in 2 CFR, Part 200, Chapter 5 of the LAPM, and the ICAP/ICRP approval procedures established by STATE. 8. STATE will withhold the greater of either two (2) percent of the total of all STATE FUNDS encumbered for each PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT or $40,000 until ADMINISTERING AGENCY submits the Final Report of Expenditures for each completed PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT PROJECT. 9. The estimated total cost of PROJECT, the amount of STATE FUNDS obligated, and the required matching funds may be adjusted by mutual consent of the PARTIES with a finance letter, and an allocation notification letter when applicable. STATE FUNDING may be increased to cover PROJECT cost increases only if such additional funds are available and the CTC and/or STATE concurs with that increase in the form of an allocation and finance letter. 10. When such additional STATE FUNDS are not available, ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees that any increases in PROJECT costs must be defrayed with ADMINISTERING AGENCY's own funds. 11. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall use its own non -STATE FUNDS to finance the local share of eligible costs and all PROJECT expenditures or contract items ruled ineligible for financing with STATE FUNDS. STATE shall make the final determination of ADMINISTERING AGENCY's cost eligibility for STATE FUNDED financing with respect to claimed PROJECT costs. 12. ADMINISTERING AGENCY will reimburse STATE for STATE's share of costs for work performed by STATE at the request of ADMINISTERING AGENCY. STATE's costs shall include overhead assessments in accordance with section 8755.1 of the State Administrative Manual. 13. STATE FUNDS allocated by the CTC and/or STATE are subject to the timely use of funds provisions approved in CTC Guidelines and State procedures approved by the CTC and STATE. 14. STATE FUNDS encumbered for PROJECT are available for liquidation only for a limited period from the beginning of the State fiscal year when those funds were appropriated in the State Budget. STATE FUNDS not liquidated within these periods will be reverted unless a Cooperative Work Agreement (CWA) is submitted by ADMINISTERING AGENCY and approved by the California Department of Finance in accordance with Section 16304 of the Government Code. The exact date of fund reversion will be reflected in the STATE signed PROJECT finance letter. 15. Payments to ADMINISTERING AGENCY for PROJECT -related travel and subsistence (per diem) expenses of ADMINISTERING AGENCY forces and its contractors and subcontractors claimed for reimbursement or as local match credit shall not exceed rates authorized to be paid to rank and file STATE employees under current California Department of Human Resources (CaIHR) rules unless a Cooperative Work Agreement (CWA) is submitted by ADMINISTERING AGENCY and approved by the California Department of Finance in accordance with Government Code section 16304. If the rates invoiced by ADMINISTERING AGENCY are in excess of CaIHR rates, ADMINISTERING AGENCY is responsible for the cost difference, and any overpayments inadvertently paid by STATE shall be reimbursed to STATE by ADMINISTERING AGENCY on demand. Page 7 of 15 16. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with California Government Code 4525- 4529.14. Administering Agency shall undertake the procedures described in California Government Code 4527(a) and 4528(a). Administering Agency shall also comply with 2 CFR Part 200 Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, excluding 2 CFR Part 200.318-200.326. 17. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees and will assure that its contractors and subcontractors will be obligated to agree that Contract Cost Principles and Procedures, 48 CFR, Federal Acquisition Regulations System, Chapter 1, Part 31, et seq., shall be used to determine the allowability of individual PROJECT cost items. Every recipient and sub -recipient receiving PROJECT funds under this AGREEMENT shall comply with Federal administrative procedures in accordance with 2 CFR, Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, excluding 2 CFR Part 200.318-200.326Governments. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with the provisions set forth in 23 CFR Parts 140, 645 and 646 when contracting with railroad and utility companies. 18. Every recipient and sub -recipient receiving PROJECT funds under this AGREEMENT shall comply with 2 CFR 200 excluding 2 CFR Part 200.318-200.326, 48 CFR Chapter 1, Part 31, LAPM, Public Contract Code (PCC) 10300- 10334 (procurement of goods), PCC 10335-10381 (non-A&E services), California Government Code 4525-4529.5 including 4527(a) and 4528(a), and other applicable STATE regulations. 19. Any PROJECT costs for which ADMINISTERING AGENCY has received payment or credit that are determined by subsequent audit to be questioned, disallowed, or unallowable under 2 CFR, Part 200, 48 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 31, 23 CFR Parts 140, 645 and 646, LAPM, Public Contract Code (PCC) 10300-10334 (procurement of goods), PCC 10335-10381 (non-A&E services), California Government Code 4525-4529.5 including 4527(a) and 4528(a), and other applicable STATE regulations are subject to repayment by ADMINISTERING AGENCY to STATE and may result in STATE imposing sanctions on ADMINISTERING AGENCY as described in Chapter 20 of the Local Assistance Procedures Manual. 20. Should ADMINISTERING AGENCY fail to refund any moneys due upon written demand by STATE as provided herein or should ADMINISTERING AGENCY breach this AGREEMENT by failing to complete PROJECT without adequate justification and approval by STATE, then, within thirty (30) days of demand, or within such other period as may be agreed to in writing between the PARTIES hereto, STATE, acting through the State Controller, the State Treasurer, the CTC or any other public entity or agency, may intercept, withhold and demand the transfer of an amount equal to the amount paid by or owed to STATE for each PROJECT, from future apportionments, or any other funds due ADMINISTERING AGENCY from the Highway Users Tax Fund or any other sources of funds, and/or may also withhold approval of future STATE FUNDED projects proposed by ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 21. Should ADMINISTERING AGENCY be declared to be in breach of this AGREEMENT or otherwise in default thereof by STATE, and if ADMINISTERING AGENCY is constituted as a joint powers authority, special district, or any other public entity not directly receiving funds through the State Controller, STATE is authorized to obtain reimbursement from whatever sources of funding are available, including the withholding or transfer of funds, from those constituent entities comprising a joint powers authority or by bringing of an action against ADMINISTERING AGENCY or its constituent member entities, to recover all funds provided by STATE hereunder. Page 8 of 15 22. ADMINISTERING AGENCY acknowledges that the signatory party represents the ADMINISTERING AGENCY and further warrants that there is nothing within a Joint Powers Agreement, by which ADMINISTERING AGENCY was created, if any exists, that would restrict or otherwise limit STATE's ability to recover STATE FUNDS improperly spent by ADMINISTERING AGENCY in contravention of the terms of this AGREEMENT. ARTICLE V AUDITS, THIRD PARTY CONTRACTING, RECORDS RETENTION AND REPORTS 1. STATE reserves the right to conduct technical and financial audits of PROJECT work and records and ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees, and shall require its contractors and subcontractors to agree, to cooperate with STATE by making all appropriate and relevant PROJECT records available for audit and copying as required by paragraph three (3) of Article V. 2. ADMINISTERING AGENCY, its contractors and subcontractors shall establish and maintain a financial management system and records that properly accumulate and segregate reasonable, allowable, and allocable incurred PROJECT costs and matching funds by line item for the PROJECT. The financial management system of ADMINISTERING AGENCY, its contractors and all subcontractors shall conform to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, enable the determination of incurred costs at interim points of completion, and provide support for reimbursement payment vouchers or invoices sent to or paid by STATE. 3. ADMINISTERING AGENCY, ADMINISTERING AGENCY'S contractors and subcontractors, and STATE shall each maintain and make available for inspection and audit by STATE, the California State Auditor, or any duly authorized representative of STATE or the United States, all books, documents, papers, accounting records, and other evidence pertaining to the performance of such contracts, including, but not limited to, the costs of administering those various contracts, and ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall furnish copies thereof if requested. All of the above -referenced parties shall make such AGREEMENT and PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT materials available at their respective offices at all reasonable times during the entire PROJECT period and for three (3) years, or 35 years for Prop 1B funds, from the date of final payment to ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 4. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall not award a construction contract over $25,000 on the basis of a noncompetitive negotiation for work to be performed under this AGREEMENT without the prior written approval of STATE. All contracts awarded by ADMINISTERING AGENCY intended or used as local match credit must meet the requirements set forth in this AGREEMENT regarding local match funds. 5. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall comply with Chapter 10 (commencing with Section 4525) Division 5 of Title 1 of the Government Code and shall undertake the procedures described in California Government Code 4527(a) and 4528(a). Administering Agency shall comply with Chapter 10 of the LAPM for AE Consultant Contracts. 6. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall comply with Government Code Division 5 Title 1 sections 4525-4529.5 and shall undertake the procedures described in California Government Code 4527(a) and 4528(a) for procurement of professional service contracts. Administering Agency shall follow Public Contract Code Section 10335- 10381 for other professional service contracts. Page 9 of 15 7. Any subcontract entered into by ADMINISTERING AGENCY as a result of this AGREEMENT shall contain all of the provisions of Article IV, FISCAL PROVISIONS, and this ARTICLE V, AUDITS, THIRD -PARTY CONTRACTING, RECORDS RETENTION AND REPORTS and shall mandate that travel and per diem reimbursements and third- party contract reimbursements to subcontractors will be allowable as PROJECT costs only after those costs are incurred and paid for by the subcontractors. 8. To be eligible for local match credit, ADMINISTERING AGENCY must ensure that local match funds used for a PROJECT meet the fiscal provisions requirements outlined in ARTICLE IV in the same manner that is required of all other PROJECT expenditures. 9. Except as provided in this Article, this AGREEMENT is solely between and for the benefit of the PARTIES and there are no third -party beneficiaries. ARTICLE VI - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 1. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to use all PROJECT funds reimbursed hereunder only for transportation purposes that are in conformance with Article XIX of the California State Constitution and other California laws. 2. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall conform to all applicable State and Federal statutes and regulations, and the Local Assistance Program Guidelines and Local Assistance Procedures Manual as published by STATE and incorporated herein, including all subsequent approved revisions thereto applicable to PROJECT unless otherwise designated in the project -specific executed PROJECT SUPPLEMENT. 3. This AGREEMENT is subject to any additional restrictions, limitations, conditions, or any statute enacted by the State Legislature or adopted by the CTC that may affect the provisions, terms, or funding of this AGREEMENT in any manner. 4. ADMINISTERING AGENCY and the officers and employees of ADMINISTERING AGENCY, when engaged in the performance of this AGREEMENT, shall act in an independent capacity and not as officers, employees or agents of STATE. 5. Each project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT shall separately establish the terms and funding limits for each described PROJECT funded under this AGREEMENT and that PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. No STATE FUNDS are obligated against this AGREEMENT. 6. ADMINISTERING AGENCY certifies that neither ADMINISTERING AGENCY nor its principals are suspended or debarred at the time of the execution of this AGREEMENT, and ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees that it will notify STATE immediately in the event a suspension or a debarment occurs after the execution of this AGREEMENT. 7. ADMINISTERING AGENCY certifies, by execution of this AGREEMENT, that no person or selling agency has been employed or retained to solicit or secure this AGREEMENT upon an agreement or understanding for a commission, percentage, brokerage, or contingent fee, excepting bona fide employees or bona fide established commercial or selling agencies maintained by ADMINISTERING AGENCY for the purpose of securing business. For breach or violation of this warranty, STATE has the right to annul this AGREEMENT without liability, pay only for the value of the PROJECT work actually performed, or in STATE's discretion, to deduct from the price of PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT consideration, or otherwise recover, the full amount of such commission, percentage, brokerage, or contingent fee. Page 10 of 15 8. In accordance with Public Contract Code section 10296, ADMINISTERING AGENCY hereby certifies under penalty of perjury that no more than one final unappealable finding of contempt of court by a federal court has been issued against ADMINISTERING AGENCY within the immediate preceding two (2) year period because of ADMINISTERING AGENCY's failure to comply with an order of a federal court that orders ADMINISTERING AGENCY to comply with an order of the National Labor Relations Board. 9. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall disclose any financial, business, or other relationship with STATE that may have an impact upon the outcome of this AGREEMENT or any individual PROJECT encompassed within a PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall also list current contractors who may have a financial interest in the outcome of a PROJECT undertaken pursuant to this AGREEMENT. These disclosures shall be delivered to STATE in a form deemed acceptable by the STATE prior to execution of this AGREEMENT. 10. ADMINISTERING AGENCY hereby certifies that it does not have, nor shall it acquire, any financial or business interest that would conflict with the performance of any PROJECT initiated under this AGREEMENT. 11. ADMINISTERING AGENCY certifies that this AGREEMENT was not obtained or secured through rebates, kickbacks or other unlawful consideration either promised or paid to any STATE employee. For breach or violation of this warranty, STATE shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to terminate this AGREEMENT without liability, to pay only for PROJECT work actually performed, or to deduct from a PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT price or otherwise recover the full amount of such rebate, kickback, or other unlawful consideration. 12. Any dispute concerning a question of fact arising under this AGREEMENT that is not disposed of by agreement shall be decided by the STATE's Contract Manager, who shall be identified to ADMINISTERING AGENCY at the time of execution of this AGREEMENT and, as applicable , any time that Contract Manager changes during the duration of this AGREEMENT who may consider any written or verbal evidence submitted by ADMINISTERING AGENCY. The decision of the Contract Manager, issued in writing, shall be conclusive and binding on the PARTIES on all questions of fact considered and determined by the Contract Manager. 13. Neither the pendency of a dispute nor its consideration by the Contract Manager will excuse the ADMINISTERING AGENCY from full and timely performance in accordance with the terms of this AGREEMENT and each PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. 14. Neither STATE nor any officer or employee thereof is responsible for any injury, damage or liability occurring by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by ADMINISTERING AGENCY under or in connection with any work, authority or jurisdiction of ADMINISTERING AGENCY arising under this AGREEMENT. It is understood and agreed that ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall fully defend, indemnify and save harmless STATE and all of its officers and employees from all claims and suits or actions of every name, kind and description brought forth under, including but not limited to, tortious, contractual, inverse condemnation or other theories or assertions of liability occurring by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by ADMINISTERING AGENCY under this AGREEMENT. 15. Neither ADMINISTERING AGENCY nor any officer or employee thereof is responsible for any injury, damage or liability occurring by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by STATE, under or in connection with any work, authority or Page 11 of 15 jurisdiction arising under this AGREEMENT. It is understood and agreed that STATE shall fully defend, indemnify and save harmless the ADMINISTERING AGENCY and all of its officers and employees from all claims, suits or actions of every name, kind and description brought forth under, including but not limited to, tortious, contractual, inverse condemnation and other theories or assertions of liability occurring by reason of anything done or omitted to be done by STATE under this AGREEMENT. 16. In the event of (a) ADMINISTERING AGENCY failing to timely proceed with effective PROJECT work in accordance with the project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT; (b) failing to maintain any applicable bonding requirements; and (c) otherwise materially violating the terms and conditions of this AGREEMENT and/or any PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, STATE reserves the right to terminate funding for that PROJECT upon thirty (30) days' written notice to ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 17. No termination notice shall become effective if, within thirty (30) days after receipt of a Notice of Termination, ADMINISTERING AGENCY either cures the default involved or, if the default is not reasonably susceptible of cure within said thirty (30) day period the ADMINISTERING AGENCY proceeds thereafter to complete that cure in a manner and time line acceptable to STATE. 18. Any such termination shall be accomplished by delivery to ADMINISTERING AGENCY of a Notice of Termination, which notice shall become effective not less than thirty (30) days after receipt, specifying the reason for the termination, the extent to which funding of work under this AGREEMENT and the applicable PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT is terminated and the date upon which such termination becomes effective, if beyond thirty (30) days after receipt. During the period before the effective termination date, ADMINISTERING AGENCY and STATE shall meet to attempt to resolve any dispute. In the event of such termination, STATE may proceed with the PROJECT work in a manner deemed proper by STATE. If STATE terminates funding for PROJECT with ADMINISTERING AGENCY for the reasons stated in paragraph sixteen (16) of ARTICLE VI, STATE shall pay ADMINISTERING AGENCY the sum due ADMINISTERING AGENCY under the PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT and/or STATE -approved finance letter prior to termination, provided, however, ADMINISTERING AGENCY is not in default of the terms and conditions of this AGREEMENT or the project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT and that the cost of any PROJECT completion to STATE shall first be deducted from any sum due ADMINISTERING AGENCY. 19. In the case of inconsistency or conflicts with the terms of this AGREEMENT and that of a project -specific PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT and/or Cooperative Agreement, the terms stated in that PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT and/or Cooperative Agreement shall prevail over those in this AGREEMENT. 20. Without the written consent of STATE, this AGREEMENT is not assignable by ADMINISTERING AGENCY either in whole or in part. 21. No alteration or variation of the terms of this AGREEMENT shall be valid unless made in writing and signed by the PARTIES, and no oral understanding or agreement not incorporated herein shall be binding on any of the PARTIES. Page 12 of 15 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this AGREEMENT by their duly authorized officer. STATE OF CALIFORNIA City of Temecula DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION as 10 Aaron Adams, City Manager Chief, Office of Project Management Oversight Date Division of Local Assistance Date ATTEST: Randi Johl, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney Page 13 of 15 EXHIBIT A - FAIR EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES ADDENDUM 1. In the performance of this Agreement, ADMINISTERING AGENCY will not discriminate against any employee for employment on account of race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, physical disability, mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital status, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, age, sexual orientation, or military and veteran status. ADMINISTERING AGENCY will take affirmative action to ensure that employees are treated during employment without regard to their race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, physical disability, mental disability, medical condition, genetic information, marital status, sex, gender, gender identity, gender expression, age, sexual orientation, or military and veteran status. Such action shall include, but not be limited to, the following: employment; upgrading; demotion or transfer; recruitment or recruitment advertising; layoff or termination; rates of pay or other forms of compensation; and selection for training, including apprenticeship. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall post in conspicuous places, available to employees for employment, notices to be provided by STATE setting forth the provisions of this Fair Employment section. 2. ADMINISTERING AGENCY, its contractor(s) and all subcontractors shall comply with the provisions of the Fair Employment and Housing Act (Gov. Code, 12900 et seq.), and the applicable regulations promulgated thereunder (Cal. Code Regs., Title 2, 11000, et seq.). The applicable regulations of the Fair Employment and Housing Commission implementing Government Code section 12900(a-f), set forth in Chapter 5 of Division 4 of Title 2 of the California Code of Regulations are incorporated into this AGREEMENT by reference and made a part hereof as if set forth in full. Each of the ADMINISTERING AGENCY'S contractors and all subcontractors shall give written notice of their obligations under this clause to labor organizations with which they have a collective bargaining or other agreements, as appropriate. 3. ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall include the nondiscrimination and compliance provisions of this clause in all contracts and subcontracts to perform work under this AGREEMENT. 4. ADMINISTERING AGENCY will permit access to the records of employment, employment advertisements, application forms, and other pertinent data and records by STATE, the State Fair Employment and Housing Commission, or any other agency of the State of California designated by STATE, for the purposes of investigation to ascertain compliance with the Fair Employment section of this Agreement. 5. Remedies for Willful Violation: (a) STATE may determine a willful violation of the Fair Employment provision to have occurred upon receipt of a final judgment to that effect from a court in an action to which ADMINISTERING AGENCY was a party, or upon receipt of a written notice from the Fair Employment and Housing Commission that it has investigated and determined that ADMINISTERING AGENCY has violated the Fair Employment Practices Act. (b) For willful violation of this Fair Employment Provision, STATE shall have the right to terminate this Agreement either in whole or in part, and any loss or damage sustained by STATE in securing the goods or services thereunder shall be borne and paid for by ADMINISTERING AGENCY and by the surety under the performance bond, if any, and STATE may deduct from any moneys due or thereafter may become due to ADMINISTERING AGENCY, the difference between the price named in the Agreement Page 14 of 15 and the actual cost thereof to STATE to cure ADMINISTERING AGENCY'S breach of this Agreement. Page 15 of 15 PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT NO. OOOOOA212 to ADMINISTERING AGENCY -STATE AGREEMENT FOR STATE FUNDED PROJECTS NO 08-5459521 Adv. Project ID Date: July 31, 2023 0822000135 Location: 08-RIV-0-TMCA Project Number: ATPL-5459(032) E.A. Number: Locode: 5459 This Program Supplement, effective 06/28/2023, hereby adopts and incorporates into the Administering Agency -State Agreement No. 08-5459521 for State Funded Projects which was entered into between the ADMINISTERING AGENCY and the STATE with an effective date of and is subject to all the terms and conditions thereof. This PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT is executed in accordance with Article I of the aforementioned Master Agreement under authority of Resolution No. approved by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY on (See copy attached). The ADMINISTERING AGENCY further stipulates that as a condition to the payment by the State of any funds derived from sources noted below encumbered to this project, Administering Agency accepts and will comply with the Special Covenants and remarks set forth on the following pages. PROJECT LOCATION: Santa Gertrudis Creek Trail Undercrossing, Lighting, Signage, and Public Outreach Campaign. TYPE OF WORK: Bike Path LENGTH: 0.0(MILES) Estimated Cost State Funds Matching Funds LOCAL OTHER STATE $1,462,000.00 $1,882,331.00 $420,331.00 $0.0c CITY OF TEMECULA By Aaron Adams, City Manager Date Attest Randi Johl, City Clerk Approved As To Form Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney STATE OF CALIFORNIA Department of Transportation By Chief, Office of Project Implementation Division of Local Assistance Date I hereby certify upon my personal knowledge that budgeted funds are available for this encumbrance: Accounting Officer Date 7/31 /2023 $1,462,000.00 Program Supplement 08--545-A212- SERIAL Page 1 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(032) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS 1. A. This PROJECT will be administered in accordance with the applicable CTC STIP guidelines and the Active Transportation Program guidelines as adopted or amended, the Local Assistance Procedures Manual (LAPM), the Local Assistance Program Guidelines (LAPG), and this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. B. This PROJECT is programmed to receive State funds from the Active Transportation Program (ATP). Funding may be provided under one or more components. A component(s) specific fund allocation is required, in addition to other requirements, before reimbursable work can occur for the component(s) identified. Each allocation will be assigned an effective date and identify the amount of funds allocated per component(s). This PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT has been prepared to allow reimbursement of eligible PROJECT expenditures for the component(s) allocated. Unless otherwise determined, the effective date of the component specific allocation will constitute the start of reimbursable expenditures. C. STATE and ADMINISTERING AGENCY agree that any additional funds made available by future allocations will be encumbered on this PROJECT by use of a STATE -approved Allocation Letter and STATE Finance Letter. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees that STATE funds available for reimbursement will be limited to the amount allocated by the California Transportation Commission (CTC) and/or the STATE. D. Upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY request, the CTC and/or STATE may approve supplementary allocations, time extensions, and fund transfers between components. Funds transferred between allocated project components retain their original timely use of funds deadlines, but an approved time extension will revise the timely use of funds criteria for the component(s) and allocation(s) requested. Approved supplementary allocations, time extensions, and fund transfers between components made after the execution of this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT will be documented and considered subject to the terms and conditions thereof. Documentation will consist of a STATE approved Allocation Letter, Fund Transfer Letter, Time Extension Letter, and Finance Letter, as appropriate. E. This PROJECT is subject to the timely use of funds provisions enacted by the Active Transportation Program guidelines, as adopted or amended, and by approved CTC and State procedures as outlined below. Funds allocated for the environmental & permits (E&P), plan specifications & estimate (PS&E), and right-of-way components are available for expenditure until the end of the second fiscal year following the year in which the funds were allocated. Program Supplement 08--545-A212- SERIAL Page 2 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(032) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS Funds allocated for the construction component are subject to an award deadline and contract completion deadline. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to award the contract within 6 months of the construction fund allocation and to complete and accept the construction within 36 months of award. F. Award information shall be submitted by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY to the District Local Assistance Engineer immediately after project contract award and prior to the submittal of the ADMINISTERING AGENCY'S first invoice for the construction contract. Failure to do so will cause a delay in the State processing of invoices for the construction phase. G. The ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall invoice STATE for environmental & permits (E&P), plans specifications & estimate (PS&E), and right-of-way costs no later than 180 days after the end of last eligible fiscal year of expenditure. For construction costs, the ADMINISTERING AGENCY has 180 days after project completion or contract acceptance to make the final payment to the contractor prepare the final Report of Expenditures and final invoice, and submit to STATE for verification and payment. H. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to submit the final report documents that collectively constitute a "Report of Expenditures" within one hundred eighty (180) days of PROJECT completion. Failure of ADMINISTERING AGENCY to submit a "Final Report of Expenditures" within 180 days of PROJECT completion will result in STATE imposing sanctions upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY in accordance with the current LAPM and the Active Transportation Program (ATP) Guidelines. I. ADMINISTERING AGENCY indirect costs, as defined in 2 CFR, Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, to be claimed must be allocated in accordance with an Indirect Cost Allocation Plan (ICAP), submitted, reviewed, and approved in accordance with Caltrans Audits and Investigations requirements which may be accessed at: www.dot.ca.gov/hq/audits/. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with, and require all sub -recipients and project sponsors to comply with 2 CFR, Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, and all applicable Federal and State laws and regulations. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees, and will assure that its contractors and subcontractors will be obligated to agree, that Contract Cost Principles and Procedures, 48 CFR, Federal Acquisition Regulations System, Chapter 1, Part 31, et seq., and all applicable Federal and State laws and regulations, shall be used to determine the allowability of individual PROJECT cost items. Any Fund expenditures for costs for which ADMINISTERING AGENCY has received Program Supplement 08--545-A212- SERIAL Page 3 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(032) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS payment or credit that are determined by subsequent audit to be unallowable under 2 CFR, Part 200, or 48 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 3, are subject to repayment by ADMINISTERING AGENCY to STATE. Should ADMINISTERING AGENCY fail to reimburse Funds due STATE within 30 days of demand, or within such other period as may be agreed in writing between the Parties hereto, STATE is authorized to intercept and withhold future payments due ADMINISTERING AGENCY from STATE or any third -party source, including, but not limited to, the State Treasurer, the State Controller, and the California Transportation Commission. J. By executing this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with all reporting requirements in accordance with the Active Transportation Program guidelines, as adopted or amended. K. This PROJECT has received funds from Active Transportation Program (ATP). The ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to administer the project in accordance with the CTC Adopted SB1 Accountability and Transparency Guidelines. 2. The ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall construct the PROJECT in accordance with the scope of work presented in the application and approved by the California Transportation Commission. Any changes to the approved PROJECT scope without the prior expressed approval of the California Transportation Commission are ineligible for reimbursement and may result in the entire PROJECT becoming ineligible for reimbursement. Program Supplement 08--545-A212- SERIAL Page 4 of 4 PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT NO. OOOOOA213 to ADMINISTERING AGENCY -STATE AGREEMENT FOR STATE FUNDED PROJECTS NO 08-5459521 Adv. Project ID Date: July 31, 2023 0822000136 Location: 08-RIV-0-TMCA Project Number: ATPL-5459(033) E.A. Number: Locode: 5459 This Program Supplement, effective 06/28/2023, hereby adopts and incorporates into the Administering Agency -State Agreement No. 08-5459521 for State Funded Projects which was entered into between the ADMINISTERING AGENCY and the STATE with an effective date of and is subject to all the terms and conditions thereof. This PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT is executed in accordance with Article I of the aforementioned Master Agreement under authority of Resolution No. approved by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY on (See copy attached). The ADMINISTERING AGENCY further stipulates that as a condition to the payment by the State of any funds derived from sources noted below encumbered to this project, Administering Agency accepts and will comply with the Special Covenants and remarks set forth on the following pages. PROJECT LOCATION: Santa Gertrudis Creek Trail Undercrossing, Lighting, Signage, and Public Outreach Campaign. TYPE OF WORK: Pedestrian Safety Program LENGTH: 0.0(MILES) Estimated Cost State Funds Matching Funds LOCAL OTHER STATE $40,000.00 $40,000.00 $0.00 $0.0c CITY OF TEMECULA By Date Attest Approved As To Form Aaron Adams, City Manager Randi Johl, City Clerk Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney STATE OF CALIFORNIA Department of Transportation By Chief, Office of Project Implementation Division of Local Assistance Date I hereby certify upon my personal knowledge that budgeted funds are available for this encumbrance: Accounting Officer Date 7/31 /2023 $40,000.00 Program Supplement 08--545-A213- SERIAL Page 1 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(033) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS 1. A. This PROJECT will be administered in accordance with the applicable CTC STIP guidelines and the Active Transportation Program guidelines as adopted or amended, the Local Assistance Procedures Manual (LAPM), the Local Assistance Program Guidelines (LAPG), and this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT. B. This PROJECT is programmed to receive State funds from the Active Transportation Program (ATP). Funding may be provided under one or more components. A component(s) specific fund allocation is required, in addition to other requirements, before reimbursable work can occur for the component(s) identified. Each allocation will be assigned an effective date and identify the amount of funds allocated per component(s). This PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT has been prepared to allow reimbursement of eligible PROJECT expenditures for the component(s) allocated. Unless otherwise determined, the effective date of the component specific allocation will constitute the start of reimbursable expenditures. C. STATE and ADMINISTERING AGENCY agree that any additional funds made available by future allocations will be encumbered on this PROJECT by use of a STATE -approved Allocation Letter and STATE Finance Letter. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees that STATE funds available for reimbursement will be limited to the amount allocated by the California Transportation Commission (CTC) and/or the STATE. D. Upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY request, the CTC and/or STATE may approve supplementary allocations, time extensions, and fund transfers between components. Funds transferred between allocated project components retain their original timely use of funds deadlines, but an approved time extension will revise the timely use of funds criteria for the component(s) and allocation(s) requested. Approved supplementary allocations, time extensions, and fund transfers between components made after the execution of this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT will be documented and considered subject to the terms and conditions thereof. Documentation will consist of a STATE approved Allocation Letter, Fund Transfer Letter, Time Extension Letter, and Finance Letter, as appropriate. E. This PROJECT is subject to the timely use of funds provisions enacted by the Active Transportation Program guidelines, as adopted or amended, and by approved CTC and State procedures as outlined below. Funds allocated for the environmental & permits (E&P), plan specifications & estimate (PS&E), and right-of-way components are available for expenditure until the end of the second fiscal year following the year in which the funds were allocated. Program Supplement 08--545-A213- SERIAL Page 2 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(033) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS Funds allocated for the construction component are subject to an award deadline and contract completion deadline. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to award the contract within 6 months of the construction fund allocation and to complete and accept the construction within 36 months of award. F. Award information shall be submitted by the ADMINISTERING AGENCY to the District Local Assistance Engineer immediately after project contract award and prior to the submittal of the ADMINISTERING AGENCY'S first invoice for the construction contract. Failure to do so will cause a delay in the State processing of invoices for the construction phase. G. The ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall invoice STATE for environmental & permits (E&P), plans specifications & estimate (PS&E), and right-of-way costs no later than 180 days after the end of last eligible fiscal year of expenditure. For construction costs, the ADMINISTERING AGENCY has 180 days after project completion or contract acceptance to make the final payment to the contractor prepare the final Report of Expenditures and final invoice, and submit to STATE for verification and payment. H. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to submit the final report documents that collectively constitute a "Report of Expenditures" within one hundred eighty (180) days of PROJECT completion. Failure of ADMINISTERING AGENCY to submit a "Final Report of Expenditures" within 180 days of PROJECT completion will result in STATE imposing sanctions upon ADMINISTERING AGENCY in accordance with the current LAPM and the Active Transportation Program (ATP) Guidelines. I. ADMINISTERING AGENCY indirect costs, as defined in 2 CFR, Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, to be claimed must be allocated in accordance with an Indirect Cost Allocation Plan (ICAP), submitted, reviewed, and approved in accordance with Caltrans Audits and Investigations requirements which may be accessed at: www.dot.ca.gov/hq/audits/. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with, and require all sub -recipients and project sponsors to comply with 2 CFR, Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirement for Federal Awards, and all applicable Federal and State laws and regulations. ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees, and will assure that its contractors and subcontractors will be obligated to agree, that Contract Cost Principles and Procedures, 48 CFR, Federal Acquisition Regulations System, Chapter 1, Part 31, et seq., and all applicable Federal and State laws and regulations, shall be used to determine the allowability of individual PROJECT cost items. Any Fund expenditures for costs for which ADMINISTERING AGENCY has received Program Supplement 08--545-A213- SERIAL Page 3 of 4 08-RIV-0-TMCA ATPL-5459(033) SPECIAL COVENANTS OR REMARKS payment or credit that are determined by subsequent audit to be unallowable under 2 CFR, Part 200, or 48 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 3, are subject to repayment by ADMINISTERING AGENCY to STATE. Should ADMINISTERING AGENCY fail to reimburse Funds due STATE within 30 days of demand, or within such other period as may be agreed in writing between the Parties hereto, STATE is authorized to intercept and withhold future payments due ADMINISTERING AGENCY from STATE or any third -party source, including, but not limited to, the State Treasurer, the State Controller, and the California Transportation Commission. J. By executing this PROGRAM SUPPLEMENT, ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to comply with all reporting requirements in accordance with the Active Transportation Program guidelines, as adopted or amended. K. This PROJECT has received funds from Active Transportation Program (ATP). The ADMINISTERING AGENCY agrees to administer the project in accordance with the CTC Adopted SB1 Accountability and Transparency Guidelines. 1. The ADMINISTERING AGENCY shall construct the PROJECT in accordance with the scope of work presented in the application and approved by the California Transportation Commission. Any changes to the approved PROJECT scope without the prior expressed approval of the California Transportation Commission are ineligible for reimbursement and may result in the entire PROJECT becoming ineligible for reimbursement. Program Supplement 08--545-A213- SERIAL Page 4 of 4 Item No. 9 CITY OF TEMECULA AGENDA REPORT TO: City Manager/City Council FROM: Patrick Thomas, Director of Public Works/City Engineer DATE: August 22, 2023 SUBJECT: Approve Increase to the Professional Services Contingency Authorization for the Margarita Recreation Center Project, PW17-21 PREPARED BY: Amer Attar, Engineering Manager Nino Abad, Senior Civil Engineer RECOMMENDATION: That the City Council: 1. Approve an increase to the contingency for professional services for the Margarita Recreation Center Project, PW17-21 by $43,000; and 2. Increase the City Manager's authorized contingency by $43,000. BACKGROUND: The Margarita Recreation Center (MRC), PW 17-21 is a Capital Improvement Program (CIP) project to design -build a new MRC building and pool to replace the old facility. Currently, the design phase is complete, the old MRC facility has been demolished, and the new MRC building and pool are under construction. The new MRC will be approximately 8,600 square feet of indoor space including a classroom, multipurpose room with operable partition, dance/fitness room, kitchen, administrative/reception offices, lifeguard/aquatic and first aid rooms, locker rooms, and restrooms. The new center's outdoor facilities include multiple patio spaces and a 65'wide x 75' long pool with shallow depth entry, transitioning to a 9' maximum depth, with a 3/4 meter height diving board. An accessory structure for mechanical equipment related to the pool as well as additional storage is also included. On February 26, 2019, the City Council approved an agreement for consultant services with NV5, Inc. in the amount of $880,365 and authorized the City Manager Extra Work Authorizations not to exceed the contingency amount of $88,036.50 for the project. The agreement generally included the development of preliminary design and bridging documents, bid support, design -build project management services, geotechnical inspections, special inspections, and construction management services. The City Council approved increases to the City Manager's authorized contingency on September 13, 2022 and on February 28, 2023 by $80,000 and $150,000 respectively. These increases were to accommodate City requested design changes, increasing the design duration, and supply issues related to critical electrical components increases the construction duration. At this time staff anticipates it has funding for construction management and inspection services through approximately September 1, 2023. It is anticipated that construction will be completed on or before October 16, 2023 and therefore additional contingency is required to provide construction management and inspection services through that time period. Staff recommends an increase to the City Manager's authorized contingency in the amount of $43,000 for a total authorized contingency of $361,036.50. FISCAL IMPACT: The Margarita Recreation Center project is identified in the City's Capital Improvement Program (CIP) budget for Fiscal Years 2024-28 funded with Capital Financing, DIF (Park & Rec Improvements), and Measure S. There are sufficient funds in the project account to the increase to the authorized contingency by $43,000. ATTACHMENTS: Project Description Alk The Heart of Southern California Wine Country MARGARITA RECREATION CENTER Infrastructure Project Project Description: This project consists of the construction of a new recreation center in Mike Naggar Community Park in place of the former YMCA building. The project includes the demolition of the existing building and pool, constructing a new building and pool as determined by a Community Needs Assessment and available budget. The Information Technology component includes camera system infrastructure, access control, Public Wi-Fi and other identified technology needs. Benefit: This project will provide the City a new facility to meet the increasing demands of recreational programs. Core Value: Healthy and Livable City Project Status: Under construction. Construction completion and Grand Opening anticipated in September 2023. Department: Public Works - Account No. 210.265.999.5800.PW17-21 / 692 Level: I City of Temecula Fiscal Years 2024-28 Capital Improvement Program 4;. / Project Cost: Prior Years Actuals 2023-24 2022-23 Adopted 2024-25 2025-26 2026-27 2027-28 Adjusted Budget Projected Projected Projected Projected Total Project Cost 5801-Administration 276,051 160,606 436,657 5804-Construction 1,244,331 8,701,128 9,945,459 5805-Construction Engineering 4,739 1,907 6,646 5802-Design & Environmental 531,607 666,795 1,198,402 5809-Information Technology 344,343 670,000 1,014,343 Total Expenditures 2,401,072 10,200,436 12,601,508 Source of Funds: 4481-Capital Financing 6,405,000 6,405,000 4244-DIF-Park & Rec Improvements 600,000 600,000 4256-DIF-Police Facilities 137,000 137,000 4002-Measure S 1,636,773 3,822,735 5,459,508 Total Funding 8,041,773 4,559,735 12,601,508 Future Operating & Maintenance Costs: Total Operating Costs 1 1,383,815 1,435,233 1,488,628 1,544,079 Notes : 1. Capital Financing reflects the Temecula Public Financing Authority's 2018 Lease Financing arrangement which provides $6.4M in funding, with a term of 15 years at an interest rate of3.42%, repaid by the General Fund.(Loan Paid off in 2022) Do Not Remove Supplemental Material Item No. 10 – Approve the Funding Agreement with the County of Riverside for the Michael “Mike” Naggar Park Dog Park Renovation Project, PW21-14 and Authorize the City Manager to Execute the Agreement – REVISED Funding Agreement 1 FUNDING AGREEMENT FOR CITY OF TEMECULA MIKE NAGGAR COMMUNITY PARK EXPANSION PROJECT This Funding Agreement (“Agreement”) is entered into by and between the County of Riverside, a political subdivision of the State of California, (“County”) and the City of Temecula, (“Subrecipient”). County and Subrecipient are sometimes individually referred to as “Party” and collectively as “Parties.” RECITALS WHEREAS, on March 11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) was signed into law, amending Section 9901 of Title VI of the Social Security Act which establishes the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (Fiscal Recovery Funds) to provide state, local and Tribal governments with the resources needed to respond to the pandemic and its economic effects and to build a stronger, more equitable economy during the recovery; and WHEREAS, on February 8, 2022, Minute Order 3.3, the Board of Supervisors of the County of Riverside approved allocation of ARPA funds to support eligible projects within Riverside County; and WHEREAS, on January 6, 2022, the U.S. Department of the Treasury (U.S. Treasury) adopted a final rule implementing the Fiscal Recovery Funds which took effect on April 1, 2022 (Final Rule); and WHEREAS, to respond to the negative effects of the pandemic, which in turn affect our community as a whole, the County has dedicated a portion of the allotted ARPA funds to local agencies for the delivery and implementation of eligible neighborhood revitalization projects; and WHEREAS, the County desires to reimburse and the Subrecipient desires to accept ARPA Fiscal Recovery Funds in a total amount not to exceed $200,000, for expenditures identified in Attachment A related to the Mike Naggar Community Park Expansion Project (“Neighborhood Revitalization Project”); and NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual benefits, covenants, terms and conditions contained herein, the Parties agree as follows: AGREEMENT 1. Incorporation of Recitals. The Recitals set forth above are incorporated herein and made an operative part of this Agreement. 2. Contract Documents. This Agreement consists of this Agreement and the following attachments, attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein: 2.1 Attachment A – Neighborhood Revitalization Project Scope 2.2 Attachment B – U.S. Treasury ARPA Fiscal Recovery Funds Final Rule 2.3 Attachment C – Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, Federal Provisions and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards -2 CFR Part 200 et seq 2.4 Attachment D – Indemnification and Insurance Requirements 2.5 Attachment E – Project Monitoring Requirements 2.6 Attachment F – Construction Requirements 2 3. Neighborhood Revitalization Project; Scope of Work. Subrecipient shall be responsible for completion of all activities associated with design, implementation, installation and construction of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project, as described in Attachment A, on or before December 31, 2026, by first using funds received from the County in the amount provided in Section 4 of this Agreement. The Subrecipient shall also furnish timely reporting and documentation assuring Subrecipient’s compliance with the U.S. Treasury ARPA Guidelines (as stated in the Final Rule of the U.S. Department of the Treasury published in the Federal Register on January 27, 2022), and within the timelines and specifications provided in Attachment E. Under the provisions of the Agreement, the County shall bear no responsibility for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project, including without limitation any activities associated with implementation, installation and construction, or any future operation or maintenance of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project. 3.1 Project Signage. Subrecipient shall include appropriate acknowledgement of credit to the County for its support when promoting the Neighborhood Revitalization Project or using any data and/or information developed under this Agreement. Signage shall be posted in a prominent location at Neighborhood Revitalization Project site(s) and shall include the U.S. Department of Treasury’s, and the County’s color logos, along with the following disclosure statement: “Funding for this project has been provided in full or in part from the American Rescue Plan Act, and through an agreement with the County of Riverside.” The Subrecipient shall also include in each of its contracts for work under this Agreement a provision that incorporates the requirements stated within this Paragraph. 4. Funding. 4.1 County shall provide funding to Subrecipient in a total amount not to exceed $200,000 (“Award”), in quarterly payments in accordance with progress pay estimates submittals, and in compliance with ARPA Guidelines as set forth in Attachment B, attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein, for the completion of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project. In the event that there is a conflict in the terms for payment in this Agreement and the terms in Attachments B and C, the terms in Attachments B and C shall take precedence. Subrecipient shall provide other non-federal funding at least equal to the amounts shown in Attachment A, attached hereto and by this reference incorporated herein, as a match to the funds provided by the County for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project. 4.2 Except as expressly provided in Attachment A of this Agreement, Subrecipient shall not be entitled to, nor receive from County any additional funding or other type of remuneration for services rendered under this Agreement. The Award amounts described in this Section are specifically for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project and make up the entire amount which the County has approved to fund for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project. Subrecipient shall not be entitled by virtue of this Agreement to consideration in excess of specified per-project Award amounts, and Subrecipient shall be responsible for any and all costs incurred above any Award amount for its implementation and completion of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project. Any subsequent amendments to the Neighborhood Revitalization Project scope or description is not covered by this Agreement, and the funding for any such amendment or for any Neighborhood Revitalization Project cost overruns shall be the sole responsibility of Subrecipient, unless otherwise approved in writing by the County. 4.3 Should it be determined at any time by the Subrecipient or the County that the Subrecipient cannot, will not or is unable to complete the Neighborhood Revitalization Project subject to this Agreement in accordance with the applicable State and Federal requirements and the provisions of this Agreement on or before December 31, 2026, then the subrecipient shall return 100% of the Award amount reimbursed to Subrecipient for the uncompleted Neighborhood Revitalization Project as of the date of notification to the County, within thirty (30) days of notification. 3 4.4 In the event the actual cost for Neighborhood Revitalization Project is less than Award, Subrecipient shall refund the difference to County within thirty (30) days of filing the Notice of Completion for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project, or by June 30, 2026, whichever occurs first. Subrecipient shall return any reimbursed Award Funds that have not been expended or are not adequately supported by invoices and documentation to the County, within thirty (30) days of completion of construction of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project, or upon request by the County, whichever occurs first. 5. Invoicing and Billing 5.1 Invoices. 5.1.1 Invoices shall be submitted via e-mail to RIVCOARPA@RIVCO.ORG. The final invoice from the Subrecipient will be submitted with enough time for the County to reimburse the Subrecipient prior to December 31, 2026, per the final rule of ARPA. 5.1.2 Supporting documentation shall accompany each invoice: copies of paid receipts and invoices of all Neighborhood Revitalization Project costs incurred by Subrecipient. 5.1.3 To ensure compliance with Federal and State regulations, County may require additional supporting documentation or clarification of claimed expenses as follows: 5.1.3.1 County Executive Office staff shall notify Subrecipient to obtain necessary additional documentation or clarification. 5.1.3.2 Subrecipient shall respond within three (3) business days with required additional documentation or clarification to avoid disallowances/partial payment of invoice. 5.1.3.3 All invoices containing expenses that need additional documentation or clarification not provided to County within three (3) business days of request shall have those expenses disallowed and only the allowed expenses shall be paid. 5.1.3.4 Subrecipient may resubmit disallowed expenses as a supplemental invoice only and must be accompanied by required documentation. 5.2 Payments 5.2.1 If the conditions set forth in this Agreement are met, County shall pay, on/or before the thirtieth (30th) day after receipt of a complete and accurate invoice, the sum of money claimed by the approved invoice, (less any credit due County for adjustments of prior invoices). If the conditions are not met, County shall pay when the necessary processing is completed and/or proper backup documentation is provided. 5.2.2 County shall not pay for unauthorized costs incurred by Subrecipient or for the claimed work which County monitoring shows have not been provided as authorized. 5.2.3 County retains the right to withhold payment on disputed claims. 6. Term. The Term of this Agreement shall be from the date of approval of this Agreement until filing of notice of completion for the Neighborhood Revitalization Project, or on December 31, 2026, whichever is sooner, unless sooner terminated as provided herein. 4 7. Subrecipient Compliance Obligations. The Subrecipient agrees to comply with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The Subrecipient also agrees to apply the terms and conditions of this Agreement to all of its subcontractors (if applicable) and to require their strict compliance therewith. If it is determined that the Subrecipient is noncompliant, County may temporarily withhold or disallow reimbursement of costs, under 2 C.F.R. Part 200, as supplemented by 2 C.F.R. Part 910. 7.1 Federal Provisions. Subrecipient and all of its subcontractors shall comply with the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, Federal Provisions and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards Provisions contained in Attachment C 8. Contract Representatives. 8.1 County Representative. The County Executive Officer, or designee, shall be the designated representative who shall administer this Agreement on behalf of the County. 8.2 Subrecipient Representative. The City Manager, or designee, shall be the designated representative who shall administer this Agreement on behalf of the Subrecipient. 8.3 The Contract Representatives may be contacted as described in Section 11, below. 9. Records and Audit. 9.1 Subrecipient shall store and maintain all writings, documents and records prepared or compiled in connection with the performance of this Agreement for a minimum of five (5) years from the termination or completion of this Agreement. This includes any handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostatic, photographing and every other means of recording upon any tangible thing, any form of communication or representation including letters, words, pictures, sounds or symbols or any combination thereof. Any authorized representative of County shall have access to any writings as defined above for the purposes of making a report, audit, evaluation, or examination Further, County has the right at all reasonable times to audit, inspect or otherwise evaluate the work performed or being performed under this Agreement. 9.2 If it is determined pursuant to an audit that any funds provided pursuant to this Agreement have been improperly expended, Subrecipient shall, at the direction of the agency performing the audit, reimburse the County within thirty (30) days the full amount of such improperly expended funds. The funds shall be reimbursed in accordance with the recommendations in the audit. 10. Monitoring of Contract Compliance and Infrastructure Progress Reports. 10.1 Contract Compliance. The Subrecipient shall comply with the monitoring arrangements set forth in Project Monitoring Requirements, and Construction Requirements, attached as Attachments E and F, respectively. 10.2 Neighborhood Revitalization Project Progress Reports and Progress Pay Estimates. Subrecipient shall, as specified herein, provide quarterly reports detailing Neighborhood Revitalization Project’s progress, including a financial status report and milestone progress report as described in Attachment E. 11. Notices. As used in this Agreement, notice includes but is not limited to the communications of any notice, request, demand, approval, statement, report, acceptance, consent, waiver, and appointment. All notices must be in writing. All such notices from one party to another may be delivered in person, sent via reputable overnight courier, or served by first-class mail, certified or registered, postage prepaid, to each and all of the addresses set forth below. 5 If to County: If to Subrecipient: Riverside County Executive Office City of Temecula Attention: Rania Odenbaugh and Scott Bruckner Attention: Aaron Adams 4080 Lemon Street, 4th Floor, 41000 Main Street Riverside, CA. 92501 Temecula, CA 92590 12. Conflicts of Interest. Subrecipient covenants that it presently has no interest, including but not limited to, other projects or independent contracts, and shall not acquire any such interest, direct or indirect, which would conflict in any manner or degree with the performance of services required under this Agreement. Subrecipient further covenants that in the performance of this Agreement, no person having any such interest shall be employed or retained by it under this Agreement. In the event federal funds are used, in whole or in part, for this Neighborhood Revitalization Project, Subrecipient understands and agrees it must maintain a conflict of interest policy consistent with 2. C.F.R. section 200.318 (c) and that such conflict of interest policy is applicable to each activity funded under this award. Subrecipient must disclose in writing to the U.S. Treasury or through County, as appropriate, any potential conflict of interest affecting the awarded funds in accordance with 2. C.F.R. section 200.12. 13. Nondiscrimination. During any period in which Subrecipient is in receipt of funds from County, Subrecipient and its Board, officers, employees, agents, representatives or subcontractors shall not unlawfully discriminate in violation of any Federal, State or local law, rule or regulation against any employee, applicant for employment or person receiving services under this Agreement because of race, religious creed, color, national origin, ancestry, physical or mental disability including perception of disability, medical condition, genetic information, pregnancy related condition, marital status, gender/sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, age (over 40), political affiliation or belief, or military and veteran status. Subrecipient and its officers, employees, agents, representatives or subcontractors shall comply with all applicable Federal, State and local laws and regulations related to non- discrimination and equal opportunity, including without limitation the County’s non- discrimination policy; Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 US.C. sections 2000d et seq.) and U.S. Treasury’s implementing regulations at 31 C.F.R. Part 22, which prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, or national origin under programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance; The Fair Housing Act, Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. sections 3601 et seq.), which prohibits discrimination in housing on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, familial status, or disability; Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (42 U.S.C. sections 6101 et seq.), and the U.S. Treasury’s implementing regulations at 31 C.F.R. part 23, which prohibit discrimination on the basis of age in programs or activities receiving federal financial assistance; and Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended (42 U.S.C. sections 12101 et seq.)which prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability under programs, activities, and services provided or made available by state and local governments or instrumentalities or agencies thereto; The Fair Employment and Housing Act (Government Code sections 12900 et seq.); California Labor Code sections 1101, and 1102; the Federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 (P.L. 88-352), as amended; and all applicable regulations promulgated in the California Code of Regulations or the Code of Federal Regulations, and Riverside County’s non-discrimination policy. Subrecipient shall include the non-discrimination and compliance provisions of this Section in all subcontracts to perform work under or as a derivative of this Agreement. 6 14. Indemnification. The Subrecipient shall be bound by the indemnification, hold harmless and defend provisions contained in Attachment D. 15. Insurance. Subrecipient shall obtain, and maintain, or caused to be obtained and maintained, at all times during the Term of this Agreement, insurance coverage in the amounts and coverage specified in Attachment D. 16. Termination. The County may terminate this agreement upon a determination that Subrecipient is not complying with ARPA terms and conditions. The County may withhold additional planned distributions of funding to Subrecipient pending receipt of requisite reporting requirements by Subrecipient to the County as described herein. 17. Compliance with Laws. The Subrecipient is required to comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws and regulations for all work performed or funded by and through this Agreement. The Subrecipient is required to obtain all necessary federal, state and local permits, authorizations and approvals for all work performed under this Agreement. 18. Disputes. The parties shall attempt to resolve any disputes amicably at the working level. If that is not successful, the dispute shall be referred to the senior management of the parties. The Subrecipient shall proceed diligently with the Neighborhood Revitalization Project described in this Agreement pending the resolution of a dispute. The Parties reserve the right to pursue any remedies at law or in equity should any dispute relating to this Agreement not by resolved by the Parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the filing of any legal action related to this Agreement, the Parties shall be obligated to attend a mediation session in Riverside County before a neutral third party mediator. A second mediation session shall be required if the first session is not successful. The parties shall share the cost of the mediations. 19. Status of Subrecipient. The Subrecipient is, for purposes relating to this Agreement, an independent contractor and shall not be deemed an employee of the County. It is expressly understood and agreed that the Subrecipient (including its employees, agents, and subcontractors) shall in no event be entitled to any benefits to which County employees are entitled, including but not limited to overtime, any retirement benefits, worker's compensation benefits, and injury leave or other leave benefits. There shall be no employer-employee relationship between the parties nor is there a joint venture; and Subrecipient shall indemnify and hold County harmless from any and all claims that may be made against County based upon any contention by a third party that an employer-employee relationship exists by reason of this Agreement. 19.1 All acts of Subrecipient and its officers, employees, agents, representatives, subcontractors, and all others acting on behalf of Subrecipient relating to the performance of this Agreement, shall be performed as independent contractors and not as agents, officers, or employees of County. Subrecipient, by virtue of this Agreement, has no authority to bind or incur any obligation on behalf of County. No agent, officer or employee of the County is to be considered an employee of Subrecipient. At all times during the term of this Agreement, the Subrecipient and its officers, employees, agents, representatives, or subcontractors are, and shall represent and conduct themselves as, independent contractors and not employees of County. 19.2 Subrecipient shall determine the method, details, and means of performing the work and services to be provided by Subrecipient under this Agreement. Subrecipient shall be responsible to County only for the requirements and results specified in this Agreement and, except as expressly 7 provided in this Agreement, shall not be subjected to County's control with respect to the physical action or activities of Subrecipient in fulfillment of this Agreement. Subrecipient has control over the manner and means for completion of the Neighborhood Revitalization Project described in this Agreement. If necessary, Subrecipient has the responsibility for employing or engaging other persons or firms to assist Subrecipient in fulfilling the terms and obligations under this Agreement. 19.3 If in the performance of this Agreement any third persons are employed by Subrecipient, such persons shall be entirely and exclusively under the direction, supervision, and control of Subrecipient. All terms of employment including hours, wages, working conditions, discipline, hiring and discharging or any other term of employment or requirements of law shall be determined by the Subrecipient. It is further understood and agreed that Subrecipient must issue W-2 forms or other forms as required by law for income and employment tax purposes for all Subrecipient’s assigned personnel under the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 20. Entire Agreement. This Agreement is the result of negotiations between the Parties. This Agreement is intended by the Parties as a full and final expression of their understanding with respect to the matters contained in this Agreement and shall not be modified in any manner except by an instrument in writing executed by the Parties or their respective successors in interest. 21. Amendment; Modification. No supplement, modification, or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing and signed by both Parties. 22. Governing Law and Venue. The interpretation and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California. Venue shall be in Riverside County, California. 23. Construction/Interpretation. Headings or captions to the provisions of this Agreement are solely for the convenience of the Parties, are not part of this Agreement, and shall not be used to interpret or determine the validity of this Agreement. Any ambiguity in this Agreement shall not be construed against the drafter, but rather the terms and provisions hereof shall be given a reasonable interpretation as if both parties had in fact drafted this Agreement. 24. No Waiver. Failure of the Parties to insist upon strict compliance with any of the terms, covenants or conditions hereof shall not be deemed a waiver of such term, covenant or condition, nor shall any waiver or relinquishment of any rights or powers hereunder at any one time or more times be deemed a waiver or relinquishment of such other right or power at any other time or times. 25. No Third-Party Beneficiaries. There are no intended third-party beneficiaries of any right or obligation assumed by the Parties. 26. Severability. It is intended that each paragraph of this Agreement shall be treated as separate and divisible, and in the event that any paragraphs are deemed unenforceable, the remainder shall continue to be in full force and effect so long as the primary purpose of this Agreement is unaffected. 27. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. 28. Use of Electronic (Digital) Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which will be an original, but all of which together will constitute one instrument. Each party of this Agreement agrees to the use of electronic signatures, such as digital signatures that 8 meet the requirements of the California Uniform Electronic Transactions Act ((“CUETA”) Cal. Civ. Code §§ 1633.1 to 1633.17), for executing this Agreement. The parties further agree that the electronic signatures of the parties included in this Agreement are intended to authenticate this writing and to have the same force and effect as manual signatures. Electronic signature means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the electronic record pursuant to the CUETA as amended from time to time. The CUETA authorizes use of an electronic signature for transactions and contracts among parties in California, including a government agency. Digital signature means an electronic identifier, created by computer, intended by the party using it to have the same force and effect as the use of a manual signature, and shall be reasonably relied upon by the parties. For purposes of this section, a digital signature is a type of "electronic signature" as defined in subdivision (i) of Section 1633.2 of the Civil Code [Signature Provisions on Following Page] 9 28.Authority to Enter Agreement. Each Party to this Agreement warrants to the other that it is duly organized and existing and that it and the respective signatories have full right and authority to enter into and consummate this Agreement and all related documents and bind the parties thereto. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the date as indicated beside each Party's signature. COUNTY: COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE, a political subdivision of the State of California By: ______________________________ SUBRECIPIENT: CITY OF TEMECULA By: _______________________________ Chair, Board of Supervisors Aaron Adams, City Manager ATTEST: Clerk of the Board Kimberly Rector By: _____________________________ Deputy (Seal) APPROVED AS TO FORM County Counsel By: ________________________ Kristine Bell-Valdez Deputy County Counsel ATTEST: ___________________________ Randi Johl, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: ___________________________ Peter M. Thorson, City Attorney 10 Attachment A – Neighborhood Revitalization Project Scope Dog Park Renovation at Michael “Mike” Naggar Park Scope of Work The Subrecipient will complete all planning, design, and procurement necessary to construct the Project. The Subrecipient will construct a dog park at Michael “Mike” Naggar Community Park that includes a pen for small breed dogs and a pen for large breed dogs. In addition, there will be new water fountains, benches, trash receptacles, dog bag dispensers, trees and other landscape improvements, and shade structures. Project Budget ITEM DESCRIPTION COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE ARPA PROJECT FUNDING AMOUNT (Not to Exceed) SUBRECIPIENT NON-FEDERAL FUNDING AMOUNT ESTIMATED PROJECT COST 1 Facility Planning $0 $0 $0 2 Preliminary Design $0 $0 $0 3 Final Design $0 $71,516 $71,516 4 Spec Review, Bid/Award $0 $100,000 $100,000 5 Construction $200,000 $593,484 $793,484 6 Admin Closeout $0 $75,000 $75,000 TOTAL: $200,000 $840,000 $1,040,000 Schedule ITEM DESCRIPTION OF SUBMITTAL ESTIMATED DUE DATE 1 Feasibility Report N/A 2 Preliminary Design Report N/A 3 Final Design August 30, 2023 4 Spec Review, Bid/Award August 30, 2023 5 Construction and Implementation January 31, 2024 6 Admin Closeout April 30, 2024 11 Attachment B – U.S. Treasury ARPA Fiscal Recovery Funds Final Rule 4338 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 1 Public Law 117–2. https://www.congress.gov/ 117/plaws/publ2/PLAW-117publ2.pdf. 2 Throughout this Supplementary Information, Treasury uses ‘‘state, local, and Tribal governments’’ or ‘‘recipients’’ to refer generally to governments receiving SLFRF funds; this includes states, territories, Tribal governments, counties, metropolitan cities, and nonentitlement units of local government. 3 86 FR 26786 (May 17, 2021). 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: COVID–19 Vaccinations in the United States, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data- tracker/#vaccinations (last visited December 31, 2021). 5 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker, http://www.covid.cdc.gov/ covid-data-tracker/#datatracker-home (last visited December 7, 2021). 6 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Unemployment Rate [UNRATE], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE (last visited December 7, 2021). 7 Id. 8 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Real Gross Domestic Product [GDPC1], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/GDPC1 (last visited December 7, 2021). 9 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, supra note 6. 10 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, All Employees, State Government [CES9092000001] and All Employees, Local Government [CES9093000001], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ CES9092000001 and https://fred.stlouisfed.org/ series/CES9093000001 (last visited December 7, 2021). 11 The ARPA adds section 602 of the Social Security Act, which creates the State Fiscal Recovery Fund, and section 603 of the Social Security Act, which creates the Local Fiscal Recovery Fund (together, SLFRF). Sections 602 and 603 contain substantially similar eligible uses; the primary difference between the two sections is that section 602 establishes a fund for states, territories, and Tribal governments and section 603 establishes a fund for metropolitan cities, nonentitlement units of local government, and counties. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY 31 CFR Part 35 RIN 1505–AC77 Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds AGENCY: Department of the Treasury. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: The Secretary of the Treasury (Treasury) is adopting as final the interim final rule published on May 17, 2021, with amendments. This rule implements the Coronavirus State Fiscal Recovery Fund and the Coronavirus Local Fiscal Recovery Fund established under the American Rescue Plan Act. DATES: The provisions in this final rule are effective April 1, 2022. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Katharine Richards, Director, Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Office of Recovery Programs, Department of the Treasury, (844) 529–9527. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Introduction Overview Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) was discovered in the United States in January 2020, the pandemic has caused severe, intertwined public health and economic crises. In March 2021, as these crises continued, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (ARPA)1 established the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF) to provide state, local, and Tribal governments 2 with the resources needed to respond to the pandemic and its economic effects and to build a stronger, more equitable economy during the recovery. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury) issued an interim final rule implementing the SLFRF program on May 10, 2021 3 and has since disbursed over $240 billion to state, local, and Tribal governments and received over 1,500 public comments on the interim final rule. Treasury is now issuing this final rule which responds to public comments, implements the ARPA statutory provisions on eligible and ineligible uses of SLFRF funds, and makes several changes to the provisions of the interim final rule, summarized below in the section Executive Summary of Major Changes. Since Treasury issued the interim final rule in May 2021, both the public health and economic situations facing the country have evolved. On the public health front, the United States has made tremendous progress in the fight against COVID–19, including a historic vaccination campaign that has reached over 80 percent of adults with at least one dose and is reaching millions of children as well.4 However, the disease continues to present an imminent threat to public health, especially among unvaccinated individuals. As the Delta variant spread across the country this summer and fall, the United States faced another severe wave of cases, deaths, and strain on the healthcare system, with the risk of hospitalization and mortality exponentially greater to unvaccinated Americans. COVID–19 has now infected over 50 million and killed over 800,000 Americans since January 2020; tens of thousands of Americans continue to be infected each day.5 Even as the nation recovers, new and emerging COVID–19 variants may continue to pose threats to both public health and the economy. Moving forward, state, local, and Tribal governments will continue to play a major role in responding through vaccination campaigns, testing, and other services. The economic recovery similarly has made tremendous progress but faces continued risks from the disease and the disruptions it has caused. In the early months of the pandemic, the United States experienced the sharpest economic downturn on record, with unemployment spiking to 14.8 percent in April 2020.6 The economy has gradually added back jobs, with growth accelerating in the first half of 2021.7 However, as the Delta variant spread, the intensified health risks and renewed disruptions slowed growth, demonstrating the continued risks from the virus. By fall 2021, the economy had exceeded its pre-pandemic size 8 and unemployment had fallen below 5 percent,9 but despite this progress, too many Americans remain unemployed, out of the labor force, or unable to pay their bills, with this pain particularly acute among lower-income Americans and communities of color. Again, moving forward, state, local, and Tribal governments will remain on the frontlines of the economic response and rebuilding a stronger economy in the aftermath of the pandemic. However, as state, local, and Tribal governments continue to face substantial needs to respond to public health and economic conditions, they have also experienced severe impacts from the pandemic and resulting recession. State, local, and Tribal governments cut over 1.5 million jobs in the early months of the pandemic amid sharp declines in revenue and remain over 950,000 jobs below their pre- pandemic levels.10 As the Great Recession demonstrated, austerity among state, local, and Tribal governments can hamper overall economic growth and severely curtail the ability of governments to serve their constituents. Recognizing these imperatives, the SLFRF program provides vital resources for state, local, and Tribal governments to respond to the pandemic and its economic effects and to replace revenue lost due to the public health emergency, preventing cuts to government services. Specifically, the ARPA provides that SLFRF funds 11 may be used: (a) To respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts, including assistance to households, small businesses, and nonprofits, or aid to impacted industries such as tourism, travel, and hospitality; (b) To respond to workers performing essential work during the COVID–19 VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4339 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations public health emergency by providing premium pay to eligible workers; (c) For the provision of government services to the extent of the reduction in revenue due to the COVID–19 public health emergency relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year prior to the emergency; and (d) To make necessary investments in water, sewer, or broadband infrastructure. In addition, Congress specified two types of ineligible uses of funds: funds may not be used for deposit into any pension fund or, for states and territories only, to directly or indirectly offset a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation. Issued May 10, 2021, Treasury’s interim final rule provided further detail on eligible uses of funds within the four statutory categories, ineligible uses of funds, and administration of the program. The interim final rule provided state, local, and Tribal governments substantial flexibility to determine how best to use payments from the SLFRF program to meet the needs of their communities. The interim final rule aimed to facilitate swift and effective implementation by establishing a framework for determining the types of programs and services that are eligible under the ARPA along with examples of eligible uses of funds that state, local, and Tribal governments may consider. State, local, and Tribal governments are already deploying SLFRF funds to make an impact in their communities. The SLFRF program ensures that state, local, and Tribal governments have the resources needed to fight the pandemic, sustain and strengthen the economic recovery, maintain vital public services, and make investments that support long-term growth, opportunity, and equity. Treasury looks forward to supporting and engaging with state, local, and Tribal governments as they use these funds to make transformative investments in their communities. Finally, with so many pressing and effective ways to use SLFRF funds, there is no excuse for waste, fraud, or abuse of these funds. Treasury received over 1,500 comments spanning nearly all aspects of the interim final rule. The final rule considers and responds to comments, provides clarification to many aspects of the interim final rule, and makes several changes to eligible uses under the program, summarized immediately below. Executive Summary of Major Changes and Clarifications The final rule provides broader flexibility and greater simplicity in the program, in response to public comments. Among other clarifications and changes, the final rule provides for the following: •Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts: In addition to programs and services, the final rule clarifies that recipients may use funds for capital expenditures that support an eligible COVID–19 public health or economic response. For example, recipients may build certain affordable housing, childcare facilities, schools, hospitals, and other projects consistent with the requirements in this final rule and the Supplementary Information. In addition, the final rule presumes that an expanded set of households and communities are ‘‘impacted’’ or ‘‘disproportionately impacted’’ by the pandemic, thereby allowing recipients to provide responses to a broad set of households and entities without requiring additional analysis. Further, the final rule provides a broader set of enumerated eligible uses available for these communities as part of COVID–19 public health and economic response, including making affordable housing, childcare, and early learning services eligible in all impacted communities and making certain community development and neighborhood revitalization activities eligible for disproportionately impacted communities. Further, the final rule allows for a broader set of uses to restore and support government employment, including hiring above a recipient’s pre- pandemic baseline, providing funds to employees that experienced pay cuts or furloughs, avoiding layoffs, and providing retention incentives. •Premium Pay: The final rule offers more streamlined options to provide premium pay, by broadening the share of essential workers who can receive premium pay without a written justification while maintaining a focus on lower-income and frontline essential workers. •Revenue Loss: The final rule offers a standard allowance for revenue loss of up to $10 million, not to exceed a recipient’s SLFRF award amount, allowing recipients to select between a standard amount of revenue loss or complete a full revenue loss calculation. Recipients that select the standard allowance may use that amount for government services. •Water, Sewer, and Broadband Infrastructure: The final rule significantly broadens eligible broadband infrastructure investments to address challenges with broadband access, affordability, and reliability, and adds additional eligible water and sewer infrastructure investments, including a broad range of lead remediation and stormwater management projects. Structure of the Supplementary Information In addition to this Introduction, this Supplementary Information is organized into four sections: (1) Eligible Uses, (2) Restrictions on Use, (3) Program Administration Provisions, and (4) Regulatory Analyses. The Eligible Uses section describes the standards to determine eligible uses of funds in each of the four eligible use categories: (1) Responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic (which includes several sub- categories) (2) Providing premium pay to essential workers (3) Providing government services to the extent of revenue loss due to the pandemic, and (4) Making necessary investments in water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure. Each eligible use category has separate and distinct standards for assessing whether a use of funds is eligible. Standards, restrictions, or other provisions in one eligible use category do not apply to the others. Therefore, recipients should first determine which eligible use category a potential use of funds fits within, then assess whether the potential use of funds meets the eligibility standard or criteria for that category. In the case of uses to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic, recipients should also determine which sub-category the eligible use fits within (i.e., public health, assistance to households, assistance to small businesses, assistance to nonprofits, aid to impacted industries, or public sector capacity and workforce), then assess whether the potential use of funds meets the eligibility standard for that sub-category. Treasury does not pre- approve uses of funds; recipients are advised to review the final rule and may pursue eligible projects under it. In some sections of the rule, Treasury identifies specific uses of funds that are eligible, called ‘‘enumerated eligible uses’’; for example, Treasury provides many enumerated eligible uses of funds to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Uses of funds that are not specifically named as eligible in this VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4340 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 12 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker, http://www.covid.cdc.gov/ covid-data-tracker/#datatracker-home (last visited December 31, 2021). 13 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, All Employees, Total Nonfarm [PAYEMS] https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/PAYEMS (last visited December 7, 2021). final rule may still be eligible in two ways. First, under the revenue loss eligible use category, recipients have broad latitude to use funds for government services up to their amount of revenue loss due to the pandemic. A potential use of funds that does not fit within the other three eligible use categories may be permissible as a government service, which recipients can fund up to their amount of revenue loss. For example, transportation infrastructure projects are generally ineligible as a response to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic; however, a recipient could fund these projects as a government service up to its amount of revenue loss, provided that other restrictions on use do not apply. See sections Revenue Loss and Restrictions on Use for further information. Second, the eligible use category for responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic provides a non-exhaustive list of enumerated eligible uses, which means that the listed eligible uses include some, but not all, of the uses of funds that could be eligible. The Eligible Uses section provides a standard for determining if other uses of funds, beyond those specifically enumerated, are eligible. If a recipient would like to pursue a use of funds that is not specifically enumerated, the recipient should use the standard and other guidance provided in the section Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts to assess whether the use of funds is eligible. Next, the Restrictions on Use section describes limitations on how funds may be used. Treasury has divided the Restriction on Use section into (A) statutory restrictions under the ARPA, which include (1) offsetting a reduction in net tax revenue, and (2) deposits into pension funds, and (B) other restrictions on use, which include (1) debt service and replenishing reserves, (2) settlements and judgments, and (3) general restrictions. These restrictions apply to all eligible use categories; however, some restrictions apply only to certain types of recipient governments, and recipients are advised to review the final rule to determine which restrictions apply to their type of government (e.g., state, territory, Tribal government, county, metropolitan city, or nonentitlement unit of government). To reiterate, for recipient governments covered by a specific restriction, that restriction applies to all eligible use categories and any use of funds under the SLFRF program. Specifically: •For states and territories only, funds may not be used to offset directly or indirectly a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from a change in state or territory law. •For all recipients except Tribal governments, funds may not be used for deposits into a pension fund. •For all recipients, funds may not be used for debt service or replenishing financial reserves. •All recipients must also comply with three general restrictions. First, a recipient may not use SLFRF funds for a program, service, or capital expenditure that conflicts with or contravenes the statutory purpose of ARPA, including a program, service, or capital expenditure that includes a term or condition that undermines efforts to stop the spread of COVID–19. Second, recipients may not use SLFRF funds in violation of the conflict-of-interest requirements contained in the Award Terms and Conditions, including any self-dealing or violation of ethics rules. Lastly, recipients should be aware that federal, state, and local laws and regulations, outside of SLFRF program requirements, also apply, including for example, environmental laws and federal civil rights and nondiscrimination requirements, which include prohibitions on discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex (including sexual orientation and gender identity), religion, disability, age, or familial status (having children under the age of 18). The Program Administration Provisions section describes the processes and requirements for administering the program on an ongoing basis, specifically as relates to the following: Distribution of funds, timeline for using funds, transfer of funds from a recipient to different organizations, use of funds for program administration, reporting on use of funds, and remediation and recoupment of funds used for ineligible purposes. Of note, SLFRF funds may only be used for costs incurred within a specific time period, beginning March 3, 2021, with all funds obligated by December 31, 2024 and all funds spent by December 31, 2026. Recipients are advised to also consult Treasury’s Reporting and Compliance Guidance for additional information on program administration processes and requirements, including applicability of the Uniform Guidance. Finally, the section Regulatory Analyses provides Treasury’s analysis of the impacts of this rulemaking, as required by several laws, regulations, and Executive Orders. Throughout this Supplementary Information, statements using the terms ‘‘should’’ or ‘‘must’’ refer to requirements, except when used in summarizing opinions expressed in public comments. Statements using the term ‘‘encourage’’ refer to recommendations, not requirements. II. Eligible Uses A. Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts Background Since the first case of COVID–19 was discovered in the United States in January 2020, the disease has infected over 50 million and killed over 800,000 Americans.12 The disease—and necessary measures to respond—have had an immense public health and economic impact on millions of Americans across many areas of life, as detailed below in the respective sections on Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts. Since the release of the interim final rule in May 2021, the country has made major progress in fighting the disease and rebuilding the economy but faces continued risks, as illustrated by the spread of the Delta variant and the resulting slowdown in the economic recovery. The SLFRF program, and Treasury’s interim final rule, provide substantial flexibility to recipients to respond to pandemic impacts in their local community; this flexibility is designed to help state, local, and Tribal governments adapt to the evolving public health emergency and tailor their response as needs evolve and to the particular local needs of their communities. Indeed, state, local, and Tribal governments face continued needs to respond at scale to the public health emergency. This includes continued public health efforts to slow the spread of the disease, to increase vaccination rates and provide vaccinations to new populations as they become eligible, to protect individuals living in congregate facilities, and to address the broader impacts of the pandemic on public health. Similarly, while a strong economic recovery is underway, the economy remains 3.9 million jobs below its pre-pandemic level, pointing to the continued need for response efforts, with low-income workers and communities of color facing elevated rates of unemployment and economic hardship.13 Long-standing disparities in health and economic outcomes in VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4341 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 14 Treasury uses ‘‘underserved’’ to refer to populations sharing a particular characteristic, as well as geographic communities, that have been systematically denied a full opportunity to participate in aspects of economic, social, and civic life. In the interim final rule, Treasury generally used the term ‘‘disadvantaged’’ to refer to these same populations and communities. 15 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, All Employees, State Government [CES9092000001] and All Employees, Local Government [CES9093000001], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ CES9092000001 and https://fred.stlouisfed.org/ series/CES9093000001 (last visited December 7, 2021). 16 Tracy Gordon, State and Local Budgets and the Great Recession, Brookings Institution (Dec. 31, 2012), http://www.brookings.edu/articles/state-and- local-budgets-and-the-great-recession. 17 In some cases, a use may be permissible under another eligible use category even if it falls outside the scope of section (c)(1)(A) of section 602 and 603 of the Social Security Act. underserved 14 communities, that amplified and exacerbated the impacts of the pandemic, also present continued barriers to full and equitable recovery. As state, local, and Tribal governments work to meet the public health and economic needs of their communities, these governments are also confronting the need to rebuild their own capacity. Facing severe budget challenges during the pandemic, many state, local, and Tribal governments have been forced to make cuts to services or their workforces, including cutting over 1.5 million jobs from February to May 2020, or delay critical investments. As of fall 2021, state, local, and Tribal government employment remained over 950,000 jobs below pre-pandemic levels.15 In the recovery from the Great Recession, cuts to state, local, and Tribal governments became a meaningful drag on economic growth for several years, and the SLFRF program provides the resources needed to re-invest in vital public services and workers to avoid this outcome.16 1. General Provisions: Structure and Standards Background: Sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act establish that recipients may use funds ‘‘to respond to the public health emergency with respect to COVID–19 or its negative economic impacts, including assistance to households, small businesses, and nonprofits, or aid to impacted industries such as tourism, travel, and hospitality.’’ The interim final rule established three categories within this eligible use: (1) Public health responses for those impacted by the pandemic, including the general public; (2) responses to the negative economic impacts that were experienced by those impacted as a result of the pandemic; and (3) additional services, either as a public health response or a response to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, for disproportionately impacted communities. The interim final rule established the method to determine which specific programs or services may be eligible to respond to the public health emergency or to respond to the negative economic impacts of the public health emergency within this framework. The interim final rule included multiple enumerated uses that are eligible within each of these categories when provided to eligible populations, including populations that the interim final rule presumed to have been impacted (in the case of public health responses and responses to negative economic impacts) or disproportionately impacted (in the case of disproportionately impacted communities). Finally, the interim final rule also allowed recipients to designate additional individuals or classes as impacted or disproportionately impacted. The standards for each of these criteria under the interim final rule are discussed below. To assess whether a program or service would be eligible to respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts, the interim final rule stated that, ‘‘the recipient [is required] to, first, identify a need or negative impact of the COVID–19 public health emergency and, second, identify how the program, service, or other intervention addresses the identified need or impact [. . . .] [E]ligible uses under this category must be in response to the disease itself or the harmful consequences of the economic disruptions resulting from or exacerbated by the COVID–19 public health emergency.’’ The enumerated eligible uses were presumed to meet this criterion. With respect to uses not specifically enumerated in the interim final rule as eligible public health responses, the interim final rule stated that, ‘‘[t]o assess whether additional uses would be eligible under this category, recipients should identify an effect of COVID–19 on public health, including either or both of immediate effects or effects that may manifest over months or years, and assess how the use would respond to or address the identified need.’’ With respect to uses not specifically enumerated in the interim final rule as eligible responses to a negative economic impact of the public health emergency, the interim final rule stated that ‘‘[e]ligible uses that respond to the negative economic impacts of the public health emergency must be designed to address an economic harm resulting from or exacerbated by the public health emergency. In considering whether a program or service would be eligible under this category, the recipient should assess whether, and the extent to which, there has been an economic harm, such as loss of earnings or revenue, that resulted from the COVID–19 public health emergency and whether, and the extent to which, the use would respond to or address this harm.17 A recipient should first consider whether an economic harm exists and whether this harm was caused or made worse by the COVID–19 public health emergency.’’ The interim final rule went on to say that: ‘‘In addition, the eligible use must ‘respond to’ the identified negative economic impact. Responses must be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of harm experienced; uses that bear no relation or are grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced would not be eligible uses.’’ Throughout this final rule, Treasury refers to households, communities, small businesses, nonprofits, and industries that experienced public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic as ‘‘impacted.’’ The first section in the interim final rule under this eligible use category included public health responses for these impacted classes. The second category in the interim final rule under this eligible use category included responses to the negative economic impacts that were experienced by these impacted classes as a result of the pandemic. The interim final rule further recognized that certain populations have experienced disproportionate health or negative economic impacts during the pandemic, as pre-existing disparities in these communities amplified the impacts of the pandemic. For example, the interim final rule recognized that the negative economic effects of the pandemic were particularly pronounced among lower- income families, who were more likely to experience income loss and more likely to have a job that required in- person work. The interim final rule recognized the role of pre-existing social vulnerabilities and disparities in driving the disparate health and economic outcomes and presumed that programs designed to address these health or economic disparities are responsive to the public health or negative economic impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency, when provided in disproportionately impacted communities. In addition to identifying certain populations and communities VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4342 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 18 Note that small businesses, nonprofits, and industries may also function as subrecipients. For additional information on these distinctions see section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries. presumed to be disproportionately impacted, it also empowered recipients to identify other disproportionately impacted households, populations, communities, or small businesses. The interim final rule provided that, in identifying these disproportionately impacted communities, recipients should be able to support their determination that the pandemic resulted in disproportionate public health or economic outcomes to the specific populations, households, or geographic areas to be served. Throughout this final rule, Treasury refers to those households, communities, small businesses, and nonprofits that experienced disproportionate public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic as ‘‘disproportionately impacted.’’ The third category in the interim final rule under this eligible use included public health responses and responses to the negative economic impacts for these disproportionately impacted classes. The interim final rule provided significant flexibility for recipients to determine which households, populations, communities, or small businesses have been impacted and/or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic and to identify appropriate responses. The interim final rule included several provisions to provide simple methods for recipients to identify impacts and design programs to address those impacts. First, the interim final rule allowed recipients to demonstrate a negative economic impact on a population or class and provide assistance to households or small businesses that fall within that population or class. In such cases, the recipient need only demonstrate that an individual household or business is within the class that experienced a negative economic impact, rather than requiring a recipient to demonstrate that each individual household or small business experienced a negative economic impact, because the impact was already identified for the class. Second, in the interim final rule, Treasury presumed that certain populations have been impacted or disproportionately impacted and are thus eligible for services that respond to these impacts or disproportionate impacts. Specifically, the interim final rule permitted recipients to presume that households that experienced unemployment, increased food or housing insecurity, or are low- or moderate-income experienced a negative economic impact from the pandemic. The interim final rule also permitted recipients to presume that certain services provided in Qualified Census Tracts (QCTs), to individuals living in QCTs, or by Tribal governments are responsive to disproportionate impacts of the pandemic. In addition to the populations presumed to be impacted or disproportionately impacted, under the interim final rule, recipients could identify other impacted households or classes, as described above, as well as other populations, households, or geographic areas that are disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Third, as mentioned previously, the interim final rule included a non- exhaustive list of uses of funds that Treasury identified as responsive to the impacts or disproportionate impacts of the pandemic. Treasury refers to these as ‘‘enumerated eligible uses.’’ To summarize, the interim final rule identified certain populations that are presumed to be impacted by the pandemic (and specific enumerated uses of funds that are responsive to that impact) and populations that are presumed to be disproportionately impacted by the pandemic (and specific enumerated uses of funds that are responsive to those disproportionate impacts). In addition, the interim final rule provided standards for recipients to assess whether additional uses of funds, beyond the enumerated eligible uses, are eligible for impacted and disproportionately impacted populations and permitted recipients to identify other households or classes that experienced impacts of the pandemic or disproportionate impacts of the pandemic. Rule Structure Public Comment: Many commenters expressed concern regarding the structure of the eligible uses, indicating they found the structure of the public health and negative economic impacts section of the interim final rule to be confusing or difficult to navigate. Other commenters indicated that they understood the enumerated uses to be the only eligible uses and/or the presumed eligible populations to be the only eligible populations. Several commenters expressed frustration about the number of eligible uses specifically enumerated in the interim final rule, which they considered too few, and commenters proposed a wide range of additional enumerated eligible uses (for further discussion, see the section Public Health and section Negative Economic Impacts). Commenters expressed concern with pursuing uses of funds not explicitly enumerated in the eligible use section or uncertainty regarding the broad flexibility provided under the interim final rule to pursue additional programs that respond to the public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic or the process for doing so. Treasury Response: Treasury recognizes that many commenters felt the structure of the interim final rule could be clarified. These comments are consistent with many of the questions that Treasury has received from recipients, which requested clarification regarding the category their desired response fits into. Treasury observes that these comments and questions generally fall into four categories: (1) How to identify the correct public health or negative economic impact category for a particular response, (2) how to identify whether a particular use is eligible, (3) how to identify an impacted or disproportionately impacted class, and (4) whether an enumerated use can be provided to a class other than those presumed impacted or disproportionately impacted. In response to comments, Treasury is adjusting the structure of the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use section of the final rule to improve clarity and make it easier for recipients to interpret and apply the final rule. Specifically, Treasury is restructuring the rule to aid recipients in determining whether a particular response is eligible and how the particular response might be eligible under a particular category. This restructuring reinforces the fundamental criteria that a use of funds is eligible based on its responsiveness to a public health or negative economic impact experienced by individuals, households, small businesses, nonprofits, or impacted industries (together ‘‘beneficiaries’’).18 This restructuring is intended to make the rule easier to navigate and to implement, including any criteria or conditions on particular uses of funds. The reorganization of the public health and negative economic impacts section of the final rule is also intended to clarify the enumerated eligible uses described in the interim final rule. The reorganization itself is not intended to change the scope of the enumerated uses that were included in the interim final rule or that were allowable under the interim final rule. In some cases, specific enumerated uses are being altered, and those changes are discussed VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4343 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 19 In designing an intervention to mitigate COVID–19, the recipient should consider guidance from public health authorities, particularly the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in assessing appropriate COVID–19 mitigation and prevention strategies (see Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID–19, https:// www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html). A program or service that imposes conditions on participation in or acceptance of the service that would undermine efforts to stop the spread of COVID–19 or discourage compliance with practices in line with CDC guidance for stopping the spread of COVID–19 is not a permissible use of funds. as changes within the section on that enumerated use. The final rule streamlines and aligns services and standards that are generally applicable or are provided for public health purposes. Under this approach, eligible uses to respond to the public health emergency are organized based on the type of public health problem: (1) COVID–19 mitigation and prevention, (2) medical expenses, (3) behavioral health care, and (4) preventing and responding to violence. Under this approach, eligible uses to respond to the negative economic impacts of the public health emergency are organized based on the type of beneficiary: (1) Assistance to households, (2) assistance to small businesses, and (3) assistance to nonprofits, alongside a fourth standalone eligibility category for aid to travel, tourism, hospitality, and other impacted industries. The first three categories, assistance to households, small businesses, and nonprofits, include enumerated eligible uses for impacted and disproportionately impacted beneficiaries. This change in structure is intended to provide a framework that clearly identifies the intended beneficiaries of uses of funds and provides clarity about what types of assistance are ‘‘responsive to the pandemic or its negative economic impacts’’ for these beneficiaries. a. Standards for Identifying a Public Health or Negative Economic Impact Standards: Designating a Public Health Impact Public Comment: Many commenters expressed uncertainty about how to determine whether a use of funds, beyond those specifically enumerated as eligible, might be an eligible public health response. For example, many commenters submitted questions asking whether specific uses of funds would be eligible. Others described what they considered to be impacts of the pandemic and argued that uses of funds to respond to these issues should be eligible. Some commenters requested that Treasury provide additional detail to guide their assessments of eligible uses of funds. For example, a commenter requested more clarification around exactly what and whose medical expenses can be covered. These comments ranged in their specificity and covered the full range of the enumerated eligible uses. Treasury Response: Treasury is clarifying that when assessing whether a program or service is an eligible use to respond to the public health impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency, the Department will consider the two eligibility requirements discussed below. These standards apply to all proposed public health uses. First, there must be a negative public health impact or harm experienced by an individual or a class. For ease of administration, the interim final rule allowed, and the final rule maintains the ability for, recipients to identify a public health impact on a population or group of individuals, referred to as a ‘‘class,’’ and to provide assistance to that class. In determining whether an individual is eligible for a program designed to address a harm experienced by a class, the recipient need only document that the individual is within the class that experienced a public health impact, see section Standards: Designating Other Impacted Classes. In the case of some impacts, for example impacts of COVID–19 itself that are addressed by providing prevention and mitigation services, such a class could reasonably include the general public. Second, the program, service, or other intervention must address or respond to the identified impact or harm. The final rule maintains the interim final rule requirement that eligible uses under this category must be in response to the disease itself or other public health harms that it caused.19 Responses must be reasonably designed to benefit the individual or class that experienced the public health impact or harm. Uses of funds should be assessed based on their responsiveness to their intended beneficiaries and the ability of the response to address the impact or harm experienced by those beneficiaries. Responses must also be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of public health impact or harm experienced. Uses that bear no relation or are grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced would not be eligible uses. Reasonably proportional refers to the scale of the response compared to the scale of the harm. It also refers to the targeting of the response to beneficiaries compared to the amount of harm they experienced. In evaluating whether a use is reasonably proportional, recipients should consider relevant factors about the harm identified and the response. For example, recipients may consider the size of the population impacted and the severity, type, and duration of the impact. Recipients may also consider the efficacy, cost, cost- effectiveness, and time to delivery of the response. If a recipient intends to fund capital expenditures in response to the public health impacts of the pandemic, recipients should refer to the section Capital Expenditures for details about the eligibility of capital expenditures. Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact Public Comment: Many commenters expressed uncertainty about how to determine whether uses of funds, beyond those specifically enumerated as eligible, might be eligible responses to negative economic impacts. For example, many commenters submitted questions asking whether specific uses of funds would be eligible. Others described what they considered to be impacts of the pandemic and argued that uses of funds to respond to these issues should be eligible. Some commenters requested that Treasury provide additional detail to guide their assessments of eligible uses of funds. These comments ranged in their specificity and covered the full range of eligible uses to respond to negative economic impacts. Several commenters asked for clarification about what types of food assistance would be considered eligible. Another commenter requested that the establishment of outdoor dining be eligible. Many commenters inquired about homeless shelters as an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Commenters also expressed uncertainty about the ability to establish classes, including geographic areas, that experienced a negative economic impact or disagreed with the requirement that an individual entity be impacted by the pandemic in order to receive assistance. For example, a commenter argued that interventions should not be limited to individuals or businesses that experienced an economic impact and should instead be used broadly to support economic growth. These commenters argued that an expenditure that supports a more robust economy may help combat the pandemic’s negative economic impacts, and it can do so even if funding is provided to individuals or entities that did not themselves experience a negative economic impact during the pandemic. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the standard articulated in VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4344 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 20 For example, expenses such as excessive compensation to employees or expenses which have already been reimbursed through another federal program, are not reasonably designed to address a negative economic impact to a beneficiary. 21 For example, a program or service that imposes conditions on participation in or acceptance of the service that would undermine efforts to stop the spread of COVID–19 or discourage compliance with practices in line with CDC guidance for stopping the spread of COVID–19 is not a permissible use of funds. the interim final rule. For clarity, the final rule re-articulates that when assessing whether a program or service is an eligible use to respond to the negative economic impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency, Treasury will consider the two eligibility requirements discussed below. First, there must be a negative economic impact, or an economic harm, experienced by an individual or a class. The recipient should assess whether, and the extent to which, there has been an economic harm, such as loss of earnings or revenue, that resulted from the COVID–19 public health emergency. A recipient should first consider whether an economic harm exists and then whether this harm was caused or made worse by the COVID–19 public health emergency. This approach is consistent with the text of the statute, which provides that funds in this category must be used to ‘‘respond to the public health emergency with respect to . . . its negative economic impacts.’’ While economic impacts may either be immediate or delayed, individuals or classes that did not experience a negative economic impact from the public health emergency would not be eligible beneficiaries under this category. As noted above, the interim final rule permitted recipients to presume that households that experienced unemployment, increased food or housing insecurity, or are low- or moderate-income experienced a negative economic impact from the pandemic. For discussion of the final rule’s approach to this presumption, see section Populations Presumed Eligible. The final rule also maintains several provisions included in the interim final rule and subsequent guidance that are intended to ease administration of identifying that the beneficiary experienced a negative economic impact or harm. For example, the interim final rule allowed, and the final rule maintains the ability for, recipients to demonstrate a negative economic impact on a population or group, referred to as a ‘‘class,’’ and to provide assistance to households, small businesses, or nonprofits that fall within that class. In such cases, the recipient need only demonstrate that the household, small business, or nonprofit is within the class that experienced a negative economic impact, see section Standards: Designating Other Impacted Classes. This would allow, for example, an internet access assistance program for all households with children to support those households’ ability to participate in healthcare, work, and educational activities like extending learning opportunities, among other critical activities. In that case, the recipient would only need to identify a negative economic impact to the class of ‘‘households with children’’ and would not need to document or otherwise demonstrate that each individual household served experienced a negative economic impact. Second, the response must be designed to address the identified economic harm or impact resulting from or exacerbated by the public health emergency. In selecting responses, the recipient must assess whether, and the extent to which, the use would respond to or address this harm or impact. This approach is consistent with the text of the statute, which provides that funds may be used to ‘‘respond to’’ the ‘‘negative economic impacts’’ of the public health emergency ‘‘including assistance to households, small businesses, and nonprofits, or aid to impacted industries such as tourism, travel, and hospitality.’’ The list of potential responses (‘‘assistance’’ or ‘‘aid’’) suggests that responses should address the ‘‘negative economic impacts’’ of particular types of beneficiaries (e.g., households or small businesses). Responses must be reasonably designed to benefit the individual or class that experienced the negative economic impact or harm. Uses of funds should be assessed based on their responsiveness to their intended beneficiary and the ability of the response to address the impact or harm experienced by that beneficiary.20 Responses must also be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of harm experienced; uses that bear no relation or are grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced would not be eligible uses.21 Reasonably proportional refers to the scale of the response compared to the scale of the harm. It also refers to the targeting of the response to beneficiaries compared to the amount of harm they experienced; for example, it may not be reasonably proportional for a cash assistance program to provide assistance in a very small amount to a group that experienced severe harm and in a much larger amount to a group that experienced relatively little harm. In evaluating whether a use is reasonably proportional, recipients should consider relevant factors about the harm identified and the response. For example, recipients may consider the size of the population impacted and the severity, type, and duration of the impact. Recipients may also consider the efficacy, cost, cost-effectiveness, and time to delivery of the response. Finally, recipients should be aware of the distinction between beneficiaries of funds and subrecipients; a recipient may provide services to beneficiaries through subrecipients that did not experience a negative economic impact, see section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries. That is, a recipient may award SLFRF funds to an entity that did not experience a negative economic impact in order to implement a program or provide a service to beneficiaries on its behalf. Such transfers, when implementing a public health or negative economic impact response, should be responsive to and designed to benefit individuals, households, small businesses, nonprofits, or impacted industries that did experience a public health or negative economic impact. Determining the Appropriate Eligible Use Category Public Comment: Some commenters expressed uncertainty about how to analyze negative economic impacts to different entities (e.g., households, small businesses, nonprofits). For example, commenters asked whether a nonprofit, which did not experience a negative economic impact itself, could be granted funds to provide services to individuals experiencing homelessness, who did experience negative economic impacts. Other commenters proposed providing assistance to support the expansion of small businesses, under the theory that this would create more job opportunities for unemployed workers who experienced negative economic impacts. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is clarifying that recipients should assess a potential use of funds based on which beneficiary experienced the negative economic impact, in other words, the households, small businesses, nonprofits, or impacted industries that experienced the negative economic impact. Treasury notes that recipients may award SLFRF funds to many different types of organizations to carry out eligible uses of funds and serve beneficiaries on behalf of a recipient. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4345 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 22 AMI is also often referred to as median family income for the area. Since AMI is synonymous with this term and used more generally, the final rule refers to AMI. 23 For the six New England states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont, HUD provides AMI for towns rather than counties. Recipients in these states should use the AMI corresponding to their town when determining thresholds for both low and moderate income. When a recipient provides funds to another entity to carry out eligible uses of funds and serve beneficiaries the entity becomes a subrecipient (see section Distinguishing a Subrecipient versus a Beneficiary). For example, a recipient may grant funds to a nonprofit organization to provide food assistance (an eligible use) to low-income households (the beneficiaries). Recipients only need to assess whether the beneficiaries experienced a negative economic impact and whether the eligible use responds to that impact, consistent with the two-part framework described above; the organization carrying out the eligible use does not need to have experienced a negative economic impact if it is serving as the vehicle for reaching the beneficiaries. When making determinations about how to implement a program, recipients should consider whether that method of program implementation is an effective and efficient method to implement the program and do so in accordance with the Uniform Guidance provisions that govern procurements and sub-granting of federal funds, as applicable. As noted above, recipients should analyze eligible uses based on the beneficiary of the assistance or the entity that experienced a negative economic impact. Assistance to a small business or to an impacted industry must respond to a negative economic impact experienced by that small business or industry. Recipients may not provide assistance to small businesses or impacted industries that did not experience a negative economic impact, although recipients can identify negative economic impacts for classes, rather than individual businesses, and may also presume that small businesses in certain areas experienced impacts; see section General Provisions: Structure and Standards and section Assistance to Small Businesses for details. Several examples illustrate the application of these concepts. For example, a recipient could provide assistance to households via a contract with a business to create subsidized jobs for the long-term unemployed; in this case the business is a subrecipient and need not have experienced a negative economic impact, but the recipient would need to identify a specific connection between the assistance provided and addressing the negative economic impact experienced by the unemployed households. The recipient could, for instance, document the subsidized jobs created under the contract and their reservation for long- term unemployed individuals. Similarly, a recipient might provide assistance to a small business that experienced a pandemic-related loss of revenue. This small business is a beneficiary and may use those funds in many ways, potentially including hiring or retaining staff. However, general assistance to a business that did not experience a negative economic impact under the theory that this assistance generally grows the economy and therefore enhances opportunities for unemployed workers would not be an eligible use, because such assistance is not reasonably designed to impact the individuals or classes that experienced a negative economic impact. In other words, there is not a reasonable connection between the assistance provided and an impact on the beneficiaries. Such an activity would be attenuated from and thus not reasonably designed to benefit the households that experienced the negative economic impact. b. Populations Presumed Eligible Presumed Eligibility: Impacted and Disproportionately Impacted Households and Communities Background: As noted above, the interim final rule allowed recipients to presume that certain households were impacted or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic and thus eligible for responsive programs or services. Specifically, under the interim final rule, recipients could presume that a household or population that experienced unemployment, experienced increased food or housing insecurity, or is low- or moderate- income experienced negative economic impacts resulting from the pandemic, and recipients may provide services that respond to these impacts. The interim final rule also recognized that pre-existing health, economic, and social disparities contributed to disproportionate pandemic impacts in certain communities and allowed for a broader list of enumerated eligible uses to respond to the pandemic in disproportionately impacted communities. Under the interim final rule, recipients were allowed to presume that families residing in QCTs or receiving services provided by Tribal governments were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Definition of Low- and Moderate- Income Public Comment: As noted earlier, many commenters sought a definition for ‘‘low- and moderate-income’’ to provide recipients greater clarity on which specific households could be presumed to be impacted by the pandemic. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the presumptions identified in the interim final rule and defines low- and moderate-income for the purposes of determining which households and populations recipients may presume to have been impacted. To simplify the administration of this presumption, the final rule adopts a definition of low- and moderate-income based on thresholds established and used in other federal programs. Definitions. The final rule defines a household as low income if it has (i) income at or below 185 percent of the Federal Poverty Guidelines (FPG) for the size of its household based on the most recently published poverty guidelines by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) or (ii) income at or below 40 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI) for its county and size of household based on the most recently published data by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).22 The final rule defines a household as moderate income if it has (i) income at or below 300 percent of the FPG for the size of its household based on the most recently published poverty guidelines by HHS or (ii) income at or below 65 percent of the AMI for its county and size of household based on the most recently published data by HUD.23 Recipients may determine whether to measure income levels for specific households or for a geographic area based on the type of service to be provided. For example, recipients developing a program that serves specific households (e.g., a subsidy for internet access, a childcare program) may measure income at the household level. Recipients providing a service that reaches a general geographic area (e.g., a park) may measure median income of that area. Further, recipients should generally use the income threshold for the size of the household to be served (e.g., when providing childcare to a household of five, recipients should reference the income threshold for a household of five); however, recipients may use the income threshold for a default household size of three if providing VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4346 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 24 U.S. Department of Health and Human Service, HHS Poverty Guidelines for 2021, available at https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic- mobility/poverty-guidelines. 25 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, FY 2021 Section 8 Income Limits, available at https://www.huduser.gov/portal/ datasets/il/il21/Section8-FY21.xlsx. Recipients may refer to the list of counties (and New England towns) identified by state and metropolitan area for identifying the appropriate area. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, FY 2021 List of Counties (and New England Towns) Identified by State and Metropolitan Area, available at https:// www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/il/il21/area- definitions-FY21.pdf. 26 The U.S. Census Bureau provides an interactive map: U.S. Census Bureau, Median Household Income State Selection Map, available at https:// data.census.gov/cedsci/map?q=Median %20Household%20Income&g=0100000US %2404000%24001&tid=ACSST5Y2019.S1901&cid= S1901_C01_012E&vintage=2019. The U.S. Census Bureau also provides an interactive table: U.S. Census Bureau, Median Household Income In The Past 12 Months (In 2019 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars), available at https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q= b19013&tid=ACSDT5Y2019.B19013&hidePreview= true. 27 See U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm (last visited December 7, 2021). 28 U.S. Census Bureau, Poverty Status by State, https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/ demo/income-poverty/cps-pov/pov-46.html (last visited December 7, 2021). services that reach a general geographic area or if doing so would simplify administration of the program to be provided (e.g., when developing a park, recipients should use the income threshold for a household size of three and compare it to median income of the geographic area to be served). Note that recipients can also identify and serve other classes of households that experienced negative economic impacts or disproportionate impacts from the pandemic; recipients can identify these classes based on their income levels, including above the levels defined as low- and moderate- income in the final rule. For example, a recipient may identify that households in their community with incomes above the final rule threshold for low-income nevertheless experienced disproportionate impacts from the pandemic and provide responsive services. See section General Provisions: Standards for Identifying Other Eligible Populations for details on applicable standards. Applicable levels. For reference, the FPG is commonly referred to as the federal poverty level (FPL) and is related to—although distinct from—the U.S. Census Bureau’s poverty threshold. The final rule uses the FPG when referring specifically to the HHS guidelines, as these are the quantitative metrics used for determining low- and moderate-income households. The FPG by household size for 2021 is included in the table below. Recipients should refer to HHS Poverty Guidelines for this information, which is updated annually and available on the HHS website.24 For calculating the thresholds of 40 percent and 65 percent of AMI, recipients should refer to the annual HUD Section 8 50 percent income limits by county and household size published by HUD and available on the HUD website; in particular, recipients should calculate the 40 percent threshold as 0.8 times the 50 percent income limit, and recipients should calculate the 65 percent threshold as 1.3 times the 50 percent income limit.25 Finally, for median income of Census Tracts and other geographic areas, recipients should refer to the most recent American Community Survey 5-year estimates available through the Census website.26 2021 FEDERAL POVERTY GUIDELINES Household size 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia Alaska Hawaii 1 ................................................................................................................................................... $12,880 $16,090 $14,820 2 ................................................................................................................................................... 17,420 21,770 20,040 3 ................................................................................................................................................... 21,960 27,450 25,260 4 ................................................................................................................................................... 26,500 33,130 30,480 5 ................................................................................................................................................... 31,040 38,810 35,700 6 ................................................................................................................................................... 35,580 44,490 40.920 7 ................................................................................................................................................... 40,120 50,170 46,140 8 ................................................................................................................................................... 44,660 55,850 51,360 For families/households with more than 8 persons, add the following amounts for each additional person: 48 Contiguous States and the District of Columbia: $4,540. Alaska: $5,680. Hawaii: $5,220. Source: ‘‘HHS Poverty Guidelines for 2021,’’ available at https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines. Rationale. In defining low income, the final rule uses both the FPG and AMI to account for national trends and regional differences. The metric of 185 percent of FPG aligns with some other programs; for instance, under the National School Lunch Program, students with household incomes under 185 percent of FPG qualify for free or reduced-price lunch, and schools often use eligibility for free or reduced-price lunch as an indicator of low-income status under Title 1–A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. Eligibility for other programs, such as the Federal Communications Commission’s e-Rate program and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children employ this metric as well. In addition, 185 percent of the FPG for a family of four is $49,025, which is approximately the wage earnings for a two-earner household in which both earners receive the median wage in occupations, such as waiters and waitresses and hotel clerks, that were heavily impacted by COVID–19.27 This measure is targeted toward those at the bottom of the income distribution and thus helps to promote use of SLFRF funds towards populations with the greatest needs. At the same time, with approximately one-quarter of Americans below 185 percent of the poverty threshold, this approach is broad enough to facilitate use of SLFRF funds across many jurisdictions.28 Because regions have different cost and income levels, this definition also allows for upward adjustment based on AMI for those regions where 40 percent of AMI exceeds 185 percent of FPG. The metric of 40 percent of AMI is based on the midpoint of values often used to designate certain categories of low- income households; specifically, it is the midpoint of the 30 percent income limit and the 50 percent income limit VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4347 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 29 For instance, Melissa Kearney et al. (2013) cap the ‘‘struggling lower middle-income class’’ at 250 percent of the federal poverty level, while Isabel Sawhill and Edward Rodrigue (2015) define the ‘‘middle class’’ as those with incomes of at least 300 percent of the poverty line. Melissa Kearney et al., ‘‘A Dozen Facts about America’s Struggling Lower- Middle Class,’’ The Hamilton Project (December 2013), https://www.hamiltonproject.org/assets/ legacy/files/downloads_and_links/THP_12Low IncomeFacts_Final.pdf; Isabel Sawhill and Edward Rodrigue, ‘‘An Agenda for Reducing Poverty and Improving Opportunity,’’ Brookings Institution, https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/ 2016/07/Sawhill_FINAL.pdf. 30 Data on median annual wages from: U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, available at https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_nat.htm (last visited December 7, 2021). 31 For instance, households earning between 200 and 300 percent of the FPG have significantly higher rates of food and housing insecurity than those earning above 300 percent of the FPG. Table 1, Kyle J. Caswell and Stephen Zuckerman, Food Insecurity, Housing Hardship, and Medical Care Utilization, Urban Institute (June 2018), https:// www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/ 98701/2001896_foodinsecurity_housinghardship_ medicalcareutilization_finalized.pdf. used in programs such as the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Program. In defining moderate income, the final rule uses both the FPG and AMI to account for national trends and regional differences. While there are different definitions of moderate income, 300 percent of FPG falls within the range commonly used by researchers.29 Analysis of median wages among a sample of occupations likely impacted by the pandemic also suggests that an income cutoff of 300 percent of FPG would include many households with workers in such occupations.30 Moreover, the metric of 300 percent of FPG covers households that, while above the poverty line, often lack economic security.31 Treasury determined the AMI threshold for moderate income by maintaining the same ratio of FPG multiplier to AMI multiplier as in the definition of low income. This anchors the threshold to the existing definitions of moderate income from the literature while taking into account geographical variation in income and expenses in the same manner as the definition of low income. Eligibility Presumptions Public Comment: Many commenters believed that a broader range of groups should be considered presumptively impacted and disproportionately impacted, arguing that many households had been affected by the pandemic and that broader presumed eligibility would help recipients provide assistance quickly and effectively. Treasury also received many comments on the presumption that families living in QCTs or receiving services from Tribal governments were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. While many commenters supported the interim final rule’s recognition of disproportionate impacts of the pandemic on low-income communities, many commenters disagreed with treating QCTs as the only presumed eligible group of disproportionately impacted households, apart from households served by Tribal governments. While acknowledging a potential increase in administrative burden, commenters recommended that Treasury presume other households or geographic areas, in addition to QCTs, were disproportionately impacted; suggestions included all low- and moderate-income households, geographic areas designated as Opportunity Zones, Difficult Development Areas (DDAs), areas with a certain amount of Real Estate Advantage Program (REAP) recipients, or use of eligibility criteria from the Community Reinvestment Act. One commenter generally recommended that a clearer definition of ‘‘disproportionately impacted’’ should be provided and that any definition should include communities of color and people of limited means. Another recommended specific eligibility for people that had recently interacted with the criminal justice system. Many commenters representing Tribal governments and groups recommended a presumption of eligibility for all Tribal uses of funds, clarification that off reservation members remained eligible, and broad flexibility on use of funds. Additionally, commenters noted that some areas are technically eligible to be QCTs but fall short because of the aggregate population of eligible tracts. One commenter noted that these areas should be considered the same as QCTs for the purpose of SLFRF funds. Some commenters argued that rural counties typically have few QCTs despite high levels of poverty and disruption caused by the COVID–19 pandemic. Other rural commenters recommended that the designation be by county rather than at a more granular level, arguing that the QCT designation is biased towards urban areas and understates the harm done to rural America. Many commenters representing Tribal governments supported the presumption that services provided by Tribal governments respond to disproportionate impacts. Treasury Response Summary: While households residing in QCTs or served by Tribal governments were presumed to be disproportionately impacted, Treasury emphasizes that under the interim final rule recipients could also identify other households, populations, or geographic areas that were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic and provide services to respond. The final rule maintains the presumptions identified in the interim final rule, as well as recipients’ ability to identify other impacted or disproportionately impacted classes. The final rule also allows recipients to presume that low-income households were disproportionately impacted, and as discussed above, defines low- and moderate-income. Finally, under the final rule recipients may also presume that households residing in the U.S. territories or receiving services from territorial governments were disproportionately impacted. Households presumed to be impacted: Impacted households are those that experienced a public health or negative economic impact from the pandemic. With regard to public health impacts, recipients may presume that the general public experienced public health impacts from the pandemic for the purposes of providing services for COVID–19 mitigation and behavioral health. In other words, recipients may provide a wide range of enumerated eligible uses in these categories to the general public without further analysis. As discussed in the introduction, COVID–19 as a disease has directly affected the health of tens of millions of Americans, and efforts to prevent and mitigate the spread of the disease are needed and in use across the country. Further, the stress of the pandemic and resulting recession have affected nearly all Americans. Accordingly, the final rule presumes that the general public are impacted by and eligible for services to respond to COVID–19 mitigation and prevention needs, as well as behavioral health needs. With regard to negative economic impacts, as with the interim final rule, under the final rule recipients may presume that a household or population that experienced unemployment, experienced increased food or housing insecurity, or is low- or moderate- income experienced negative economic impacts resulting from the pandemic. The final rule’s definition of low- and moderate-income, by providing standard metrics based on widely available data, is intended to simplify administration for recipients. Households presumed to be disproportionately impacted: Disproportionately impacted households are those that experienced a VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4348 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 32 For instance, the American Community Survey does not include all territories. U.S. Census Bureau, Areas Published, https://www.census.gov/ programs-surveys/acs/geography-acs/areas- published.html (last visited November 9, 2021). 33 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, supra note 24. 34 For instance, data from the American Community Survey is based on geographical location rather than Tribal membership. U.S. Census Bureau, My Tribal Area, https:// www.census.gov/Tribal/Tribal_glossary.php. 35 Lina Stoylar et. al., Challenges in the U.S. Territories: COVID–19 and the Medicaid Financing Cliff, Kaiser Family Foundation (May 18, 2021), https://www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue- brief/challenges-in-the-u-s-territories-covid-19-and- the-medicaid-financing-cliff/. disproportionate, or meaningfully more severe, impact from the pandemic. As discussed in the interim final rule, pre- existing disparities in health and economic outcomes magnified the impact of the COVID–19 public health emergency on certain households and communities. As with the interim final rule, under the final rule recipients may presume that households residing in QCTs or receiving services provided by Tribal governments were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. In addition, under the final rule recipients may presume that low- income households were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Finally, under the final rule recipients may also presume that households residing in the U.S. territories or receiving services from territorial governments were disproportionately impacted. Treasury notes that households presumed to be disproportionately impacted would also be presumptively impacted, as these households have not only experienced pandemic impacts but have experienced disproportionate pandemic impacts; as a result, these households are presumptively eligible for responsive services for both impacted and disproportionately impacted households. Many different geographic, income- based, or poverty-based presumptions could be used to designate disproportionately impacted populations. The combination of permitting recipients to use QCTs, low- income households, and services provided by Tribal or territorial governments as presumptions balances these varying methods. Specifically, QCTs are a commonly used designation of geographic areas based on low incomes or high poverty rates of households in the community; for recipients providing geographically targeted services, QCTs may provide a simple metric with readily available maps for use. However, Treasury recognizes that QCTs do not capture all underserved populations, including for reasons noted by commenters. By allowing recipients to also presume that low-income households were disproportionately impacted, the final rule provides greater flexibility to serve underserved households or communities. Data on household incomes is also readily available at varying levels of geographic granularity (e.g., Census Tracts, counties), again permitting flexibility to adapt to local circumstances and needs. Finally, Treasury notes that, as discussed further below, recipients may also identify other households, populations, and communities disproportionately impacted by the pandemic, in addition to those presumed to be disproportionately impacted. Additionally, Tribal and territorial governments may face both disproportionate impacts of the pandemic and administrability challenges with operationalizing the income-based standard; therefore, Treasury has presumed that services provided by these governments respond to disproportionate pandemic impacts. Given a lack of regularly published data on household incomes in most territories,32 as well as a lack of poverty guidelines developed for these jurisdictions,33 it may be highly challenging to assess disproportionate impact in these communities according to an income- or poverty-based standard. Similarly, data on incomes in Tribal communities are not readily available.34 Finally, as described in the sections on Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts, Tribal communities have faced particularly severe health and economic impacts of the pandemic. Similarly, available research suggests that preexisting health and economic disparities in the territories amplified the impact of the pandemic on these communities.35 Categorical Eligibility Public Comment: Several commenters suggested that the final rule permit recipients to rely on a beneficiary’s eligibility for other federal benefits programs as an easily administrable proxy for identifying a group or population that experienced a negative economic impact as a result of the COVID–19 public health emergency (i.e., categorical eligibility). In other words, a recipient would determine that individuals or households are eligible for an SLFRF-funded program based on the individual or household’s eligibility in another program, typically another federal benefit program. Commenters noted that categorical eligibility is a common policy in program administration that can significantly ease administrative burden on both program administrators and beneficiaries. Treasury Response: Treasury agrees that allowing recipients to identify impacted and disproportionately impacted beneficiaries based on their eligibility for other programs with similar income tests would ease administrative burden. To the extent that the other program’s eligibility criteria align with a population or class that experienced a negative economic impact of the pandemic, this approach is also consistent with the process allowed under the final rule for recipients to determine that a class has experienced a negative economic impact, and then document that an individual receiving services is a member of the class. For these reasons, the final rule recognizes categorical eligibility for the following programs and populations: •Impacted households. Treasury will recognize a household as impacted if it otherwise qualifies for any of the following programs: Æ Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Æ Childcare Subsidies through the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) Program Æ Medicaid Æ National Housing Trust Fund (HTF), for affordable housing programs only Æ Home Investment Partnerships Program (HOME), for affordable housing programs only •Disproportionately impacted households. Treasury will recognize a household as disproportionately impacted if it otherwise qualifies for any of the following programs: Æ Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Æ Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Æ Free and Reduced-Price Lunch (NSLP) and/or School Breakfast (SBP) programs Æ Medicare Part D Low-income Subsidies Æ Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Æ Head Start and/or Early Head Start Æ Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Æ Section 8 Vouchers Æ Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Æ Pell Grants Æ For services to address educational disparities, Treasury will recognize Title VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4349 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 36 Title I eligible schools means schools eligible to receive services under section 1113 of Title I, Part A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 6313), including schools served under section 1113(b)(1)(C) of that Act. I eligible schools 36 as disproportionately impacted and responsive services that support the school generally or support the whole school as eligible c. Standards for Identifying Other Eligible Populations Standards: Designating Other Impacted Classes Public Comment: Treasury received multiple comments requesting additional clarification about how classes of impacted individuals may be designated, as well as questions asking whether recipients must demonstrate a specific public health or negative economic impact to each entity served (e.g., each household receiving assistance under a program). There were several comments requesting that specific geographic designations, like a county or Impact Zone, be eligible to use as a determining boundary. Treasury Response: The interim final rule allowed, and the final rule maintains, the ability for recipients to demonstrate a public health or negative economic impact on a class and to provide assistance to beneficiaries that fall within that class. Consistent with the scope of beneficiaries included in sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act, Treasury is clarifying that a recipient may identify such impacts for a class of households, small businesses, or nonprofits. In such cases, the recipient need only demonstrate that the household, small business, or nonprofit is within the relevant class. For example, a recipient could determine that restaurants in the downtown area had generally experienced a negative economic impact and provide assistance to those small businesses to respond. When providing this assistance, the recipient would only need to demonstrate that the small businesses receiving assistance were restaurants in the downtown area. The recipient would not need to demonstrate that each restaurant served experienced its own negative economic impact. In identifying an impacted class and responsive program, service, or capital expenditure, recipients should consider the relationship between the definition of the class and proposed response. Larger and less-specific classes are less likely to have experienced similar harms and thus the responses are less likely to be responsive to the harms identified. That is, as the group of entities being served by a program has a wider set of fact patterns, or the type of entities, their circumstances, or their pandemic experiences differ more substantially, it may be more difficult to determine that the class has actually experienced the same or similar negative economic impact and that the response is appropriately tailored to address that impact. Standard: Designating Other Disproportionately Impacted Classes Summary of Interim Final Rule: As noted above, the interim final rule provided a broad set of enumerated eligible uses of funds in disproportionately impacted communities, including to address pre- existing disparities that contributed to more severe pandemic impacts in these communities. The interim final rule presumed that these services are eligible uses when provided in a QCT, to families and individuals living in QCTs, or when these services are provided by Tribal governments. Recipients may also provide these services to ‘‘other populations, households, or geographic areas disproportionately impacted by the pandemic’’ and, in identifying these disproportionately impacted communities, should be able to support their determination that the pandemic resulted in disproportionate public health or economic outcomes to the group identified. Public Comment: A significant number of commenters expressed uncertainty regarding the process for determining eligibility for disproportionately impacted communities beyond QCTs. A commenter noted that a clearer definition of ‘‘disproportionately impacted’’ should be delineated and that any definition should include communities of color and people of limited means. Some commenters suggested a template or checklist to see if an area meets the standard for disproportionately impacted communities outside of QCTs. Some commenters stated that QCT and non- QCT beneficiaries should be treated the same. Treasury Response: Under the interim final rule, presuming eligibility for services in QCTs, for populations living in QCTs, and for Tribal governments was intended to ease administrative burden, providing a simple path for recipients to offer services in underserved communities, and is not an exhaustive list of disproportionately impacted communities. To further clarify, the final rule codifies the interpretive framework discussed above, including presumptions of groups disproportionately impacted, as well as the ability to identify other disproportionately impacted populations, households, or geographies (referred to here as disproportionately impacted classes). As discussed in the interim final rule, in identifying other disproportionately impacted classes, recipients should be able to support their determination that the pandemic resulted in disproportionate public health or economic outcomes to the specific populations, households, or geographic areas to be served. For example, the interim final rule considered data regarding the rate of COVID–19 infections and deaths in low-income and socially vulnerable communities, noting that these communities have experienced the most severe health impacts, compared to national averages. Similarly, the interim final rule considered the high concentration of low-income workers performing essential work, the reduced ability to socially distance, and other pre-existing public health challenges, all of which correlate with more severe COVID–19 outcomes. The interim final rule also considered the disproportionate economic impacts of the pandemic, citing, for example, the rate of job losses among low-income persons as compared to the general population. The interim final rule then identified QCTs, a common, readily accessible, and geographically granular method of identifying communities with a large proportion of low-income residents, as presumed to be disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. In other words, the interim final rule identified disproportionately impacted populations by assessing the impacts of the pandemic and finding that some populations experienced meaningfully more severe impacts than the general public. Similarly, to identify disproportionately impacted classes, recipients should compare the impacts experienced by that class to the typical or average impacts of the pandemic in their local area, state, or nationally. Recipients may identify classes of households, communities, small businesses, nonprofits, or populations that have experienced a disproportionate impact based on academic research or government research publications, through analysis of their own data, or through analysis of other existing data sources. To augment their analysis, or when quantitative data is not readily available, recipients may also consider qualitative research and sources like resident interviews or VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4350 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 37 Press Release, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, First Travel-related Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Detected in United States (Jan. 21, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/ p0121-novel-coronavirus-travel-case.html. 38 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: Trends in Number of COVID– 19 Cases and Deaths in the US Reported to CDC, by State/Territory, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data- tracker/#trends_dailytrendscases (last visited December 7, 2021). 39 Id. 40 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker, http://www.covid.cdc.gov/ covid-data-tracker/#datatracker-home (last visited December 31, 2021). 41 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: COVID–19 Vaccinations in the United States, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data- tracker/#vaccinations (last visited December 7, 2021). 42 Id. 43 Columbus, Ohio Recovery Plan, https:// www.columbus.gov/recovery/. 44 Luzerne County, Pennsylvania Recovery Plan, https://www.luzernecounty.org/DocumentCenter/ View/26304/Final-Interim-Recovery-Plan- Performance-Report-83121. 45 This includes implementing mitigation strategies consistent with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Guidance for COVID–19 Prevention in K–12 Schools (November 5, 2021), available at https://www.cdc.gov/ coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools- childcare/k-12-guidance.html. feedback from relevant state and local agencies, such as public health departments or social services departments. In both cases, recipients should consider the quality of the research, data, and applicability of analysis to their determination. In designing a program or service that responds to a disproportionately impacted class, a recipient must first identify the impact and then identify an appropriate response. To assess disproportionate impact, recipients should rely on data or research that measures the public health or negative economic impact. An assessment of the effects of a response (e.g., survey data on levels of resident support for various potential responses) is not a substitute for an assessment of the impact experienced by a particular class. Data about the appropriateness or desirability of a response may be used to assess the reasonableness of a response, once an impact or disproportionate impact has been identified but should not be the basis for assessing impact. 2. Public Health Background On January 21, 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified the first case of novel coronavirus in the United States.37 Since that time, and through present day, the United States has faced numerous waves of the virus that have brought acute strain on health care and public health systems. At various points in the pandemic, hospitals and emergency medical services have seen significant influxes of patients; response personnel have faced shortages of personal protective equipment; testing for the virus has been scarce; and congregate living facilities like nursing homes have seen rapid spread. Since the initial wave of the COVID– 19 pandemic, the United States has faced several additional major waves that continued to impact communities and stretch public health services. The summer 2020 wave impacted communities in the south and southwest. As the weather turned colder and people spent more time indoors, a wave throughout fall and winter 2020 impacted communities in almost every region of the country as the virus reached a point of uncontrolled spread and over 3,000 people died per day due to COVID–19.38 In December 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized COVID–19 vaccines for emergency use, and soon thereafter, mass vaccination in the United States began. At the time of the interim final rule publication in May 2021, the number of daily new infections was steeply declining as rapid vaccination campaigns progressed across the country. By summer 2021, COVID–19 cases had fallen to their lowest level since early months of the pandemic, when testing was scarce. However, throughout late summer and early fall, the Delta variant, a more infectious and transmittable variant of the SARS–CoV–2 virus, sparked yet another surge. From June to early September, the seven-day moving average of reported cases rose from 12,000 to 165,000.39 As of December 2021, COVID–19 in total has infected over 50 million and killed over 800,000 Americans.40 Preventing and mitigating the spread of COVID–19 continues to require a major public health response from federal, state, local, and Tribal governments. First, state, local, and Tribal governments across the country have mobilized to support the national vaccination campaign. As of December 2021, more than 80 percent of adults have received at least one dose, with more than 470 million total doses administered.41 Additionally, more than 15 million children over the age of 12 have received at least one dose of the vaccine and over 47 million people have received a booster dose.42 Vaccines for younger children, ages 5 through 11, have been approved and are reaching communities and families across the country. As new variants continue to emerge globally, the national effort to administer vaccinations and other COVID–19 mitigation strategies will be a critical component of the public health response. In early reporting on uses of SLFRF funds, recipients have indicated that they plan to put funds to immediate use to support continued vaccination campaigns. For example, one recipient has indicated that it plans to use SLFRF funds to support a vaccine incentive program, providing $100 gift cards to residents at community vaccination clinics. The program aimed to target communities with high public health needs.43 Another recipient reported that it is partnering with multiple agencies, organizations, and providers to distribute COVID–19 vaccinations to homebound residents in assisted living facilities.44 State, local, and Tribal governments have also continued to execute other aspects of a wide-ranging public health response, including increasing access to COVID–19 testing and rapid at-home tests, contact tracing, support for individuals in isolation or quarantine, enforcement of public health orders, new public communication efforts, public health surveillance (e.g., monitoring case trends and genomic sequencing for variants), enhancement to health care capacity through alternative care facilities, and enhancement of public health data systems to meet new demands or scaling needs. State, local, and Tribal governments have also supported major efforts to prevent COVID–19 spread through safety measures at key settings like nursing homes, schools, congregate living settings, dense worksites, incarceration settings, and in other public facilities. This has included, for example, implementing infection prevention measures or making ventilation improvements. In particular, state, local, and Tribal governments have mounted significant efforts to safely reopen schools. A key factor in school reopening is the ability to implement COVID–19 mitigation strategies such as providing masks and other hygiene resources, improving air- quality and ventilation, increasing outdoor learning and eating spaces, testing and contact tracing protocols, and a number of other measures.45 For example, one recipient described plans to use SLFRF funds to further invest in school health resources that were critical components of school reopening and reducing the spread of COVID–19 in schools. Those investments include the increasing school nurses and social VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4351 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 46 Nirmita Panchal et al., The Implications of COVID–19 for Mental Health and Substance Abuse (Feb. 10, 2021), https://www.kff.org/coronavirus covid-19/issue-brief/the-implications-of-covid-19- for-mental-health-and-substance-use/#:∼:text= Older%20adults%20are%20also%20 more, prior%20to%20the%20current%20crisis; Mark E´. Czeisler et al., Mental Health, Substance Abuse, and Suicidal Ideation During COVID–19 Pandemic— United States, June 24–30 2020, Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 69(32):1049–57 (Aug. 14, 2020), https:// www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/ mm6932a1.htm. 47 Id. 48 Rebecca T. Leeb et al., Mental Health-Related Emergency Department Visits Among Children Aged <18 Years During the COVID Pandemic— United States, January 1–October 17, 2020, Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 69(45):1675–80 (Nov. 13, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/ mm6945a3.htm. 49 Centers for Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for Health Statistics, Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts, https://www.cdc.gov/ nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm (last visited May 8 December 6, 2021). 50 Panchal, supra note 46; Mark E´. Czeisler et al., supra note 46. 51 The White House, FACT SHEET: More Details on the Biden-Harris Administration’s Investments in Community Violence Interventions (April 7, 2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/ statements-releases/2021/04/07/fact-sheet-more- details-on-the-biden-harris-administrations- investments-in-community-violence-interventions/. 52 Federal Bureau of Investigation, FBI Releases 2020 Crime Statistics (September 27, 2021) https:// www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/fbi- releases-2020-crime-statistics. 53 Id. 54 Id. 55 The Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence, Community Gun Violence, https://efsgv.org/learn/ type-of-gun-violence/community-gun-violence/ (last visited November 9, 2021). 56 Giffords Law Center, Healing Communities in Crisis: Lifesaving Solutions to the Urban Gun Violence Epidemic (March 2016), https://giffords. org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Healing- Communities-in-Crisis.pdf. 57 St. Louis, MO Recovery Plan, https:// www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/recovery/covid-19/ arpa/plan/. 58 Los Angeles County, CA Recovery Plan, http:// file.lacounty.gov/SDSInter/bos/supdocs/ 160391.pdf. 59 Office of the White House, National Strategy for the COVID–19 Response and Pandemic Preparedness (Jan. 21, 2021), https:// www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ National-Strategy-for-the-COVID-19-Response-and- Pandemic-Preparedness.pdf. 60 In a study of 13 states from October to December 2020, the CDC found that Hispanic or Latino and Native American or Alaska Native individuals were 1.7 times more likely to visit an emergency room for COVID–19 than White individuals, and Black individuals were 1.4 times more likely to do so than White individuals. See Sebastian D. Romano et al., Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID–19 Hospitalizations, by Region—United States, March–December 2020, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021, 70:560–565 (Apr. 16, 2021), https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/ volumes/70/wr/mm7015e2.htm?s_cid=mm7015e2_ w. 61 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: Trends in COVID–19 Cases and Deaths in the United States, by County-level Population Factors, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid- data-tracker/#pop-factors_totaldeaths (last visited December 7, 2021). 62 The CDC’s Social Vulnerability Index includes fifteen variables measuring social vulnerability, including unemployment, poverty, education levels, single-parent households, disability status, non-English speaking households, crowded housing, and transportation access. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: Trends in COVID–19 Cases and Deaths in the United States, by Social Continued workers, improved ventilation systems, and other health and safety measures. The need for public health measures to respond to COVID–19 will continue moving forward. This includes the continuation of vaccination campaigns for the general public, booster doses, and children. This also includes monitoring the spread of COVID–19 variants, understanding the impact of these variants, developing approaches to respond, and monitoring global COVID– 19 trends. Finally, the long-term health impacts of COVID–19 will continue to require a public health response, including medical services for individuals with ‘‘long COVID,’’ and research to understand how COVID–19 impacts future health needs and raises risks for the tens of millions of Americans who have been infected. The COVID–19 pandemic also negatively impacted other areas of public health, particularly mental health and substance use. In January 2021, over 40 percent of American adults reported symptoms of depression or anxiety, up from 11 percent in the first half of 2019.46 The mental health impacts of the pandemic have been particularly acute for adults ages 18 to 24, racial and ethnic minorities, caregivers for adults, and essential workers, with all reporting significantly higher rates of considering suicide.47 The proportion of children’s emergency department visits related to mental health has also risen noticeably.48 Similarly, rates of substance use and overdose deaths have spiked: Preliminary data from the CDC show a nearly 30 percent increase in drug overdose mortality from April 2020 to April 2021, bringing the estimated overdose death toll for a 12-month period over 100,000 for the first time ever.49 The CDC also found that 13 percent of adults started or increased substance use to cope with stress related to COVID–19 and 26 percent reported having symptoms of trauma- and stressor-related disorder (TRSD) related to the pandemic.50 Another public health challenge exacerbated by the pandemic was violent crime and gun violence, which increased during the pandemic and has disproportionately impacted low- income communities.51 According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), although the property crime rate fell 8 percent in 2020, the violent crime rate increased 6 percent in 2020 compared to 2019 data.52 In particular, the estimated number of aggravated assault offenses rose 12 percent, while murder and manslaughter increased 30 percent from 2019 to 2020.53 The proportion of homicides committed with firearms rose from 73 percent in 2019 to 76 percent in 2020.54 Exposure to violence can create serious short-term and long-term harmful effects to health and development, and repeated exposure to violence may be connected to negative health outcomes.55 Addressing community violence as a public health issue may help prevent and even reduce additional harm to individuals, households, and communities.56 Many communities are using SLFRF funds to invest in holistic approaches in violence prevention that are rooted in targeted outreach and addressing root causes. For example, the City of St. Louis is planning to invest in expanding a ‘‘community responder’’ model designed to provide clinical help and to divert non-violent calls away from the police department. Additionally, the city will expand access to mental health services, allowing residents to seek support at city recreation centers, libraries, and other public spaces.57 Similarly, Los Angeles County will further invest in its ‘‘Care First, Jails Last’’ program which seeks to replace ‘‘arrest and incarceration’’ responses with health interventions.58 While the pandemic affected communities across the country, it disproportionately impacted some demographic groups and exacerbated health inequities along racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic lines.59 The CDC has found that racial and ethnic minorities are at increased risk for infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID–19, with Hispanic or Latino and Native American or Alaska Native patients at highest risk.60 Similarly, low-income and socially vulnerable communities have seen the most severe health impacts. For example, counties with high poverty rates also have the highest rates of infections and deaths, with 308 deaths per 100,000 compared to the U.S. average of 238 deaths per 100,000, as of December 2021.61 Counties with high social vulnerability, as measured by factors such as poverty and educational attainment, have also fared more poorly than the national average, with 325 deaths per 100,000 as of December 2021.62 Over the course of the VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4352 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations Vulnerability Index, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid- data-tracker/#pop-factors_totaldeaths (last visited December 7, 2021). 63 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Risk for COVID–19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Death By Race/Ethnicity, https://www.cdc.gov/ coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations- discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race- ethnicity.html (last visited December 7, 2021). 64 See, e.g., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Risk of Severe Illness or Death from COVID–19 (Dec. 10, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/ coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/health-equity/ racial-ethnic-disparities/disparities-illness.html (last visited December 7, 2021). 65 Milena Almagro et al., Racial Disparities in Frontline Workers and Housing Crowding During COVID–19: Evidence from Geolocation Data (Sept. 22, 2020), NYU Stern School of Business (forthcoming), available at https://papers.ssrn.com/ sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3695249; Grace McCormack et al., Economic Vulnerability of Households with Essential Workers, JAMA 324(4):388–90 (2020), available at https://jamanet work.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2767630. 66 See, e.g., Joseph G. Courtney et al., Decreases in Young Children Who Received Blood Lead Level Testing During COVID–19—34 Jurisdictions, January–May 2020, Morb. Mort. Wkly. Rep. 70(5):155–61 (Feb. 5, 2021), https://www.cdc.gov/ mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7005a2.htm; Emily A. Benfer & Lindsay F. Wiley, Health Justice Strategies to Combat COVID–19: Protecting Vulnerable Communities During a Pandemic, Health Affairs Blog (Mar. 19, 2020), https://www.healthaffairs.org/ do/10.1377/hblog20200319.757883/full/. 67 See, e.g., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, supra note 62; Benfer & Wiley, supra note 66; Nathaniel M. Lewis et al., Disparities in COVID–19 Incidence, Hospitalizations, and Testing, by Area-Level Deprivation—Utah, March 3–July 9, 2020, Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 69(38):1369–73 (Sept. 25, 2020), https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/ volumes/69/wr/mm6938a4.htm. 68 Generally, funding uses eligible under CRF as a response to the direct public health impacts of COVID–19 will continue to be eligible under the ARPA, including those not explicitly listed in the final rule, with the following two exceptions: (1) The standard for eligibility of public health and safety payrolls has been updated (see section Public Sector Capacity and Workforce in General Provisions: Other) and (2) expenses related to the issuance of tax-anticipation notes are no longer an eligible funding use (see section Restrictions on Use: Debt Service). pandemic, Native Americans have experienced more than one and a half times the rate of COVID–19 infections, more than triple the rate of hospitalizations, and more than double the death rate compared to White Americans.63 Low-income and minority communities also exhibit higher rates of pre-existing conditions that may contribute to an increased risk of COVID–19 mortality.64 In addition, individuals living in low-income communities may have had more limited ability to socially distance or to self-isolate when ill, resulting in faster spread of the virus, and were over- represented among essential workers, who face greater risk of exposure.65 Social distancing measures in response to the pandemic may have also exacerbated pre-existing public health challenges. For example, for children living in homes with lead paint, spending substantially more time at home raises the risk of developing elevated blood lead levels, while screenings for elevated blood lead levels declined during the pandemic.66 The combination of these underlying social and health vulnerabilities may have contributed to more severe public health outcomes of the pandemic within these communities, resulting in an exacerbation of pre-existing disparities in health outcomes.67 Summary of the Interim Final Rule Approach to Public Health Summary: As discussed above, the interim final rule provided flexibility for recipients to pursue a wide range of eligible uses to ‘‘respond to’’ the COVID–19 public health emergency. Uses of funds to ‘‘respond to’’ the public health emergency address the SARS- CoV–2 virus itself, support efforts to prevent or decrease spread of the virus, and address other impacts of the pandemic on public health. The interim final rule implemented these provisions by identifying a non-exhaustive list of programs or services that may be funded as responding to COVID–19 (‘‘enumerated eligible uses’’), along with considerations for evaluating other potential uses of funds not explicitly listed. Enumerated eligible uses are discussed below. For guidance on how to determine whether a particular use is allowable, beyond those enumerated, see section Standards: Identifying a Public Health Impact. Enumerated eligible uses under this section built and expanded upon permissible expenditures under the Coronavirus Relief Fund; for clarity, the interim final rule expressly listed as eligible uses the uses permissible under the Coronavirus Relief Fund, with minor exceptions.68 The interim final rule also recognized that the nature of the COVID–19 public health emergency, and responsive policy measures, programs, and services, had changed over time and is expected to continue evolving. The interim final rule categorized enumerated eligible uses to respond to the public health emergency into several categories: (1) COVID–19 mitigation and prevention, (2) medical expenses, (3) behavioral health care, (4) public health and safety staff, (5) expenses to improve the design and execution of health and public health programs, and (6) eligible uses to address disparities in public health outcomes. For each category in turn, this section describes public comments received and Treasury’s responses, as well as comments received proposing additional enumerated eligible uses. Reorganizations and Cross- References: In some cases, enumerated eligible uses included in the interim final rule under responding to the public health emergency have been re- categorized in the organization of the final rule to enhance clarity. For discussion of eligible uses for public health and safety staff and to improve the design and execution of public health programs, please see section Public Sector Capacity and Workforce in General Provisions: Other. For discussion of eligible uses to address disparities in public health outcomes, please see section Assistance to Households in Negative Economic Impacts. Conversely, discussion of eligible assistance to small businesses and nonprofits to respond to public health impacts has been moved from Assistance to Small Businesses and Assistance to Nonprofits in Negative Economic Impacts to this section. This change is consistent with the interim final rule, which provides that appropriate responses to address the public health impacts of COVID–19 may be provided to any type of entity. a. COVID–19 Mitigation and Prevention COVID–19 public health response and mitigation tactics. Recognizing the broad range of services and programming needed to contain COVID–19, the interim final rule provided an extensive list of enumerated eligible uses to prevent and mitigate COVID–19 and made clear that the public health response to the virus is expected to continue to evolve over time, necessitating different uses of funds. Enumerated eligible uses of funds in this category included: Vaccination programs; medical care; testing; contact tracing; support for isolation or quarantine; supports for vulnerable populations to access medical or public health services; public health surveillance (e.g., monitoring case trends, genomic sequencing for variants); enforcement of public health orders; public communication efforts; enhancement to health care capacity, including through alternative care facilities; purchases of personal protective equipment; support for prevention, mitigation, or other services in congregate living facilities (e.g., nursing homes, incarceration settings, homeless shelters, group living facilities) and other key settings like schools; ventilation improvements in congregate settings, health care settings, or other key locations; enhancement of VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4353 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 69 See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid- data-tracker/#trends_dailycases (last visited December 7, 2021). 70 See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID–19, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/index.html (last visited November 8, 2021). 71 See §35.6(b); Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, 86 FR at 26786. 72 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID Data Tracker: COVID–19 Vaccinations in the United States, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data- tracker/#vaccinations (last visited October 18, 2021). 73 U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Coronavirus (COVID–19) Update: FDA Takes Additional Actions on the Use of a Booster Dose for COVID–19 Vaccines, https://www.fda.gov/news- events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-pfizer- biontech-covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-children- 5-through-11-years-age (last visited November 8, 2021). 74 U.S. Food and Drug Administration, FDA Authorizes Pfizer-BioNTech COVID–19 Vaccine for Emergency Use in Children 5 through 11 Years of Age, https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press- announcements/fda-authorizes-pfizer-biontech- covid-19-vaccine-emergency-use-children-5- through-11-years-age (last visited November 8, 2021). public health data systems; other public health responses; and capital investments in public facilities to meet pandemic operational needs, such as physical plant improvements to public hospitals and health clinics or adaptations to public buildings to implement COVID–19 mitigation tactics. These enumerated uses are consistent with guidance from public health authorities, including the CDC. Public Comment: Many commenters were supportive of expansive enumerated eligible uses for mitigating and preventing COVID–19, noting the wide range of activities that governments may undertake and the continued changing landscape of pandemic response. Some commenters requested that Treasury engage in ongoing consideration of and consultation on evolving public health needs and resulting eligible expenses. Some commenters noted that their jurisdiction does not have an official public health program, for example smaller jurisdictions or those that do not have a health department, and requested clarification on whether their public health expenses would still be eligible in compliance with program rules. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining an expansive list of enumerated eligible uses to mitigate and prevent COVID–19, given the wide-ranging activities that governments may take to further these goals, including ‘‘other public health responses.’’ Note that the final rule discusses several of these enumerated uses in more detail below. Treasury is further clarifying that when providing COVID–19 prevention and mitigation services, recipients can identify the impacted population as the general public. Treasury presumes that all enumerated eligible uses for programs and services, including COVID–19 mitigation and prevention programs and services, are reasonably proportional responses to the harm identified unless a response is grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced. Note that capital expenditures are not considered ‘‘programs and services’’ and are not presumed to be reasonably proportional responses to an identified harm except as provided in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. In other words, recipients can provide any COVID–19 prevention or mitigation service to members of the general public without any further analysis of impacts of the pandemic on those individuals and whether the service is responsive. This approach gives recipient governments an extensive set of eligible uses that can adapt to local needs, as well as evolving response needs and developments in understanding of transmission of COVID–19. Treasury emphasizes how the enumerated eligible uses can adapt to changing circumstances. For example, when the interim final rule was released, national daily COVID–19 cases were at relatively low levels and declining;69 as the Delta variant spread and cases peaked in many areas of the country, particularly those with low vaccination rates, government response needs and tactics evolved, and the SLFRF funds provided the ability to quickly and nimbly adapt to new public health needs. Treasury also notes that funds may be used to support compliance with and implementation of COVID–19 safety requirements, including vaccination requirements, testing programs, or other required practices. Recipient governments do not need to have an official health or public health program in order to utilize these eligible uses; any recipient can pursue these eligible uses, though Treasury recommends consulting with health and public health professionals to support effective implementation. The CDC has provided recommendations and guidelines to help mitigate and prevent COVID–19. The interim final rule and final rule help support recipients in stopping the spread of COVID–19 through these recommendations and guidelines.70 The final rule reflects changing circumstances of COVID–19 and provides a broad range of permissible uses for mitigating and preventing the spread of the disease, in a manner consistent with CDC guidelines and recommendations. The purpose of the SLFRF funds is to mitigate the fiscal effects stemming from the COVID–19 public health emergency, including by supporting efforts to stop the spread of the virus. The interim final rule and final rule implement this objective by, in part, providing that recipients may use SLFRF funds for COVID–19 mitigation and prevention.71 A program or service that imposes conditions on participation in or acceptance of the service that would undermine efforts to stop the spread of COVID–19 or discourage compliance with recommendations and guidelines in CDC guidance for stopping the spread of COVID–19 is not a permissible use of funds. In other words, recipients may not use funds for a program that undermines practices included in the CDC’s guidelines and recommendations for stopping the spread of COVID–19. This includes programs that impose a condition to discourage compliance with practices in line with CDC guidance (e.g., paying off fines to businesses incurred for violation of COVID–19 vaccination or safety requirements), as well as programs that require households, businesses, nonprofits, or other entities not to use practices in line with CDC guidance as a condition of receiving funds (e.g., requiring that businesses abstain from requiring mask use or employee vaccination as a condition of receiving SLFRF funds). Vaccination programs and vaccine incentives. At the time of the interim final rule release, many vaccination programs were using mass vaccination tactics to rapidly reach Americans en masse for first vaccine doses.72 Since that time, the FDA has authorized booster vaccine doses for certain groups and certain vaccines and has also authorized vaccines for youths 73 74 The inclusion of ‘‘vaccination programs’’ as an eligible use allows for adaptation as the needs of programs change or new groups become eligible for different types of vaccinations. Public Comment: Since the release of the interim final rule, many recipient governments have also requested clarification on whether vaccine incentives are a permissible use of funds. Treasury Response: Treasury issued guidance clarifying that ‘‘[vaccine] programs that provide incentives reasonably expected to increase the number of people who choose to get vaccinated, or that motivate people to get vaccinated sooner than they otherwise would have, are an allowable VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4354 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 75 Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/ SLFRPFAQ.pdf. Note that programs may provide incentives to individuals who have already received a vaccination if the incentive is reasonably expected to increase the number of people who choose to get vaccinated or motivate people to get vaccinated sooner and the costs are reasonably proportional to the expected public health benefit. use of funds so long as such costs are reasonably proportional to the expected public health benefit.’’75 This use of funds remains permissible under the final rule. Capital Expenditures Public Comment: Many commenters requested clarification around the types and scope of permissible capital investments in public facilities to meet pandemic operational needs; ventilation improvements in congregate settings, health care settings, or other key locations; and whether support for prevention and mitigation in congregate facilities could include facilities renovations, improvements, or construction of new facilities, or if the facilities must solely be used for COVID–19 response. Treasury Response: For clarity, Treasury has addressed the eligibility standard for capital expenditures, or investments in property, facilities, or equipment, in one section of this Supplementary Information; see section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. In recognition of the importance of capital expenditures in the COVID–19 public health response, Treasury enumerates that the following projects are examples of eligible capital expenditures, as long as they meet the standards for capital expenditures in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other: •Improvements or construction of COVID–19 testing sites and laboratories, and acquisition of related equipment; •Improvements or construction of COVID–19 vaccination sites; •Improvements or construction of medical facilities generally dedicated to COVID–19 treatment and mitigation (e.g., emergency rooms, intensive care units, telemedicine capabilities for COVID–19 related treatment); •Expenses of establishing temporary medical facilities and other measures to increase COVID–19 treatment capacity, including related construction costs; •Acquisition of equipment for COVID–19 prevention and treatment, including ventilators, ambulances, and other medical or emergency services equipment; •Improvements to or construction of emergency operations centers and acquisition of emergency response equipment (e.g., emergency response radio systems); •Installation and improvements of ventilation systems; •Costs of establishing public health data systems, including technology infrastructure; •Adaptations to congregate living facilities, including skilled nursing facilities, other long-term care facilities, incarceration settings, homeless shelters, residential foster care facilities, residential behavioral health treatment, and other group living facilities, as well as public facilities and schools (excluding construction of new facilities for the purpose of mitigating spread of COVID–19 in the facility); and •Mitigation measures in small businesses, nonprofits, and impacted industries (e.g., developing outdoor spaces). Other clarifications on COVID–19 mitigation: Medical care, supports for vulnerable populations, data systems, carceral settings. Based on public comments and questions received from recipients following the interim final rule, Treasury is making several further clarifications on enumerated eligible uses in this category. Public Comment: Several commenters requested clarification on eligible uses of funds for medical care; Treasury addresses those comments in the section Medical Expenses below. Public Comment: Recipients posed questions on the type and scope of activities eligible as ‘‘supports for vulnerable populations to access medical or public health services.’’ Treasury Response: Enumerated eligible uses should be considered in the context of the eligible use category or section where they appear; in this case, ‘‘supports for vulnerable populations to access medical or public health services’’ appears in the section COVID–19 Mitigation and Prevention. As such, these eligible uses should help vulnerable or high-risk populations access services that mitigate COVID–19, for example, transportation assistance to reach vaccination sites, mobile vaccination or testing programs, or on- site vaccination or testing services for homebound individuals, those in group homes, or similar settings. Public Comment: Some commenters asked whether ‘‘enhancement of public health data systems’’ could include investments in software, databases, and other information technology resources that support responses to the COVID–19 public health emergency but also provide benefits for other use cases and long-term capacity of public health departments and systems. Treasury Response: These are permissible uses of funds under the interim final rule and remain eligible under the final rule. Assistance to Businesses and Nonprofits To Implement COVID–19 Mitigation Strategies Background: As detailed above, Treasury received many public comments describing uncertainty about which eligible use category should be used to assess different potential uses of funds. As a result, Treasury has re- categorized some uses of funds in the final rule to provide greater clarity, consistent with the principle that uses of funds should be assessed based on their intended beneficiary. For example, COVID–19 mitigation and prevention serves the general public or specific populations within the public. However, in the interim final rule, assistance to small businesses, nonprofits, and impacted industries to implement COVID–19 mitigation and prevention strategies was categorized in the respective sections within Negative Economic Impacts. The final rule consolidates all COVID–19 mitigation and prevention within Public Health. Public Comment: Treasury has received multiple comments and questions about which eligible use permits the recipient to provide assistance to businesses and nonprofits to address the public health impacts of COVID–19. Treasury Response: In the final rule, these services have been re-categorized under COVID–19 mitigation and prevention to reflect the fact that this assistance responds to public health impacts of the pandemic rather than the negative economic impacts to a small business, nonprofit, or impacted industry. When providing COVID–19 mitigation and prevention services, recipients can identify the impacted entity as small businesses, nonprofits, or businesses in impacted industries in general. As with all enumerated eligible uses, recipients may presume that all COVID–19 mitigation and prevention programs and services are reasonably proportional responses to the harm identified unless a response is grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced. Note that capital expenditures are not considered ‘‘programs and services’’ and are not presumed to be reasonably proportional responses to an identified harm except as provided in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. In other words, recipients can provide any COVID–19 prevention or mitigation service to small businesses, nonprofits, and businesses in impacted VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4355 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 76 See Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Participate in Outdoor and Indoor Activities, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily- life-coping/outdoor-activities.html (last visited November 8, 2021). 77 Hotlines or warmlines, crisis intervention, overdose prevention, infectious disease prevention, and services or outreach to promote access to physical or behavioral health primary care and preventative medicine. industries without any further analysis of impacts of the pandemic on those entities and whether the service is responsive. In some cases, this means that an entity not otherwise eligible to receive assistance to respond to negative economic impacts of the pandemic, for example an entity that did not experience a negative economic impact, may still be eligible to receive assistance under this category for COVID–19 mitigation and prevention services. Uses of funds can include loans, grants, or in-kind assistance to small businesses, nonprofits, or other entities to implement COVID–19 prevention or mitigation tactics, such as vaccination; testing; contact tracing programs; physical plant changes to enable greater use of outdoor spaces or ventilation improvements; enhanced cleaning efforts; and barriers or partitions. For example, this would include assistance to a restaurant to establish an outdoor patio, given evidence showing much lower risk of COVID–19 transmission outdoors.76 Uses of funds can also include aid to travel, tourism, hospitality, and other impacted industries to implement COVID–19 mitigation and prevention measures to enable safe reopening, for example, vaccination or testing programs, improvements to ventilation, physical barriers or partitions, signage to facilitate social distancing, provision of masks or personal protective equipment, or consultation with infection prevention professionals to develop safe reopening plans. Recipients providing assistance to small businesses, nonprofits, or impacted industries that includes capital expenditures (i.e., expenditures on property, facilities, or equipment) should also review the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other, which describes eligibility standards for these expenditures. Recipients providing assistances in the form of loans should review the section Treatment of Loans Made with SLFRF Funds in General Provisions: Other. Recipients should also be aware of the difference between beneficiaries of assistance and subrecipients when working with small businesses, nonprofits, or impacted industries. As noted above, Treasury presumes that the general public, as well as small businesses, nonprofits, and impacted industries in general, has been impacted by the COVID–19 disease itself and is eligible for services that mitigate or prevent COVID–19 spread. As such, a small business, nonprofit, or impacted industry receiving assistance to implement COVID–19 mitigation measures is a beneficiary of assistance (e.g., granting funds to a small business to develop an outdoor patio to reduce transmission). In contrast, if a recipient contracts with, or grants funds to, a small business, nonprofit, or impacted industry to carry out an eligible use for COVID–19 mitigation on behalf of the recipient, the entity is a subrecipient (e.g., contracting with a small business to operate COVID–19 vaccination sites). For further information on distinguishing between beneficiaries and subrecipients, as well as the impacts of the distinction on reporting and other requirements, see section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries. b. Medical Expenses Background: The interim final rule also included as an enumerated eligible use medical expenses, including medical care and services to address the near-term and potential longer-term impacts of the disease on individuals infected. Public Comment: Some commenters sought clarification on the types of medical expenses eligible and for whom, including whether funds could be used under this category for expanding health insurance coverage (e.g., subsidies for premiums, expanding a group health plan), improvements to healthcare facilities or establishment of new medical facilities, direct costs of medical services, and costs to a self- funded health insurance plan (e.g., a county government health plan) for COVID–19 medical care. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining this enumerated eligible use category and clarifying that it covers costs related to medical care provided directly to an individual due to COVID–19 infection (e.g., treatment) or a potential infection (e.g., testing). This can include medical costs to uninsured individuals; deductibles, co- pays, or other costs not covered by insurance; costs for uncompensated care at a health provider; emergency medical response costs; and, for recipients with a self-funded health insurance plan, excess health insurance costs due to COVID–19 medical care. These are medical expenses due to COVID–19 and distinguish this category of eligible uses from other related eligible uses, like COVID–19 mitigation and prevention and health insurance expenses to households, to provide greater clarity for recipients in determining which category of eligible uses they should review to assess a potential use of funds. For discussion of eligibility for programs to expand health insurance coverage, see section Assistance to Households. c. Behavioral Health Care Background: Recognizing that the public health emergency, necessary mitigation measures like social distancing, and the economic downturn have exacerbated mental health and substance use challenges for many Americans, the interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for mental health treatment, substance use treatment, and other behavioral health services, including a non-exhaustive list of specific services that would be eligible under this category. Public Comment: Many commenters expressed support for the interim final rule’s recognition of behavioral health impacts of the pandemic and eligible uses under this category. Several commenters requested clarification on the types of eligible services under this category, specifically whether both acute and chronic care are included as well as services that often do not directly accept insurance payments, like peer support groups. Some commenters highlighted the importance of cultural competence in providing effective behavioral health services. Some commenters suggested that funding should be available broadly and quickly for this purpose, recommending that funding available for behavioral health not be tied to the amount of revenue loss experienced by the recipient. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining this enumerated eligible use category and clarifying that it covers an expansive array of services for prevention, treatment, recovery, and harm reduction for mental health, substance use, and other behavioral health challenges caused or exacerbated by the public health emergency. The specific services listed in the interim final rule also remain eligible.77 Treasury is further clarifying that when providing behavioral health services, recipients can identify the impacted population as the general public and, as with all enumerated eligible uses, presume that all programs and services are reasonably proportional responses to the harm identified unless a response is grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced. In contrast, capital expenditures are not VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4356 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 78 However, SLFRF funds may not be used to reimburse a service that was also billed to insurance. 79 In line with the Department of Health and Human Services, Overdose Prevention Strategy, https://www.hhs.gov/overdose-prevention/, and the Office of National Drug Control Policy, Administration’s Statement on Drug Policy Priorities for Year One (April 1, 2021), https:// www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ BidenHarris-Statement-of-Drug-Policy-Priorities- April-1.pdf. considered ‘‘programs and services’’ and are not presumed to be reasonably proportional responses to an identified harm except as provided in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. In other words, recipients can provide behavioral health services to members of the general public without any further analysis of impacts of the pandemic on those individuals and whether the service is responsive. Recipients may also use this eligible use category to respond to increased rates of behavioral health challenges at a population level or, at an individual level, new behavioral health challenges or exacerbation of pre-existing challenges, including new barriers to accessing treatment. Services that respond to these impacts of the public health emergency may include services across the continuum of care, including both acute and chronic care, such as prevention, outpatient treatment, inpatient treatment, crisis care, diversion programs (e.g., from emergency departments or criminal justice system involvement), outreach to individuals not yet engaged in treatment, harm reduction, and supports for long-term recovery (e.g., peer support or recovery coaching, housing, transportation, employment services). Recipients may also provide services for special populations, for example, enhanced services in schools to address increased rates of behavioral health challenges for youths, mental health first responder or law enforcement- mental health co-responder programs to divert individuals experiencing mental illness from the criminal justice system, or services for pregnant women with substance use disorders or infants born with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Finally, recipients may use funds for programs or services to support equitable access to services and reduce racial, ethnic, or socioeconomic disparities in access to high-quality treatment. Eligible uses of funds may include services typically billable to insurance 78 or services not typically billable to insurance, such as peer support groups, costs for residence in supportive housing or recovery housing, and the 988 National Suicide Prevention Lifeline or other hotline services. Recipients may also use funds in conjunction with other federal grants or programs (see section Program Administration Provisions), though eligible services under SLFRF are not limited to those eligible under existing federal programs. Given the public health emergency’s exacerbation of the ongoing opioid and overdose crisis, Treasury highlights several ways that funds may be used to respond to opioid use disorder and prevent overdose mortality.79 Specifically, eligible uses of funds include programs to expand access to evidence-based treatment like medications to treat opioid use disorder (e.g., direct costs or incentives for emergency departments, prisons, jails, and outpatient providers to offer medications and low-barrier treatment), naloxone distribution, syringe service programs, outreach to individuals in active use, post-overdose follow up programs, programs for diversion from the criminal justice system, and contingency management interventions. Finally, for clarity, Treasury has addressed the eligibility standard for capital expenditures, or investments in property, facilities, or equipment, in one section of this Supplementary Information; see section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. Examples of capital expenditures related to behavioral health that Treasury recognizes as eligible include behavioral health facilities and equipment (e.g., inpatient or outpatient mental health or substance use treatment facilities, crisis centers, diversion centers), as long as they adhere to the standards detailed in the Capital Expenditures section. d. Preventing and Responding to Violence Background: The interim final rule highlighted that some types of violence had increased during the pandemic and that the ability of victims to access services had decreased, noting as an example the challenges that individuals affected by domestic violence face in accessing services. Accordingly, the interim final rule enumerated as an eligible use, in disproportionately impacted communities, evidence-based community violence intervention programs. Following the release of the interim final rule, Treasury received several recipient questions regarding whether and how funds may be used to respond to an increase in crime, violence, or gun violence in some communities during the pandemic. Treasury released further guidance identifying how enumerated eligible uses and eligible use categories under the interim final rule could support violence reduction efforts, including rehiring public sector staff, behavioral health services, and services to address negative economic impacts of the pandemic that may aid victims of crime. The guidance also identified an expanded set of enumerated eligible uses to address increased gun violence. Public Comment: Several commenters expressed support for this use of funds. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining enumerated eligible uses in this area and clarifying how to apply eligibility standards. Throughout the final rule, enumerated eligible uses should respond to an identified impact of the COVID–19 public health emergency in a reasonably proportional manner to the extent and type of harm experienced. Many of the enumerated eligible uses—like behavioral health services, services to improve employment opportunities, and services to address educational disparities in disproportionately impacted communities—that respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic may also have benefits for reducing crime or aiding victims of crime. For example, the pandemic exacerbated the impact of domestic violence, sexual assault, and human trafficking; enumerated eligible uses like emergency housing assistance, cash assistance, or assistance with food, childcare, and other needs could be used to support survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, or human trafficking who experienced public health or economic impacts due to the pandemic. Public Comment: Several commenters expressed support for community violence intervention programs or argued that traditional public safety approaches had negatively impacted the social determinants of health in their communities. Several commenters recommended inclusion of approaches like mental health or substance use diversion programs. Treasury Response: Treasury recognizes the importance of comprehensive approaches to challenges like violence. The final rule includes an enumerated eligible use for community violence intervention programs in all communities, not just the disproportionately impacted communities eligible under the interim final rule. Given the increased rate of violence during the pandemic, Treasury has determined that this enumerated VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4357 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 80 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, All Employees, Total Nonfarm [PAYEMS], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https:// fred.stlouisfed.org/series/PAYEMS (last visited December 7, 2021). 81 Id. 82 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Unemployment Rate [UNRATE], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/UNRATE (last visited December 7, 2021). 83 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, supra note 80. 84 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, supra note 82. 85 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Real Gross Domestic Product [GDPC1], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/GDPC1 (last visited December 7, 2021). 86 U.S. Department of the Treasury, Economy Statement by Catherine Wolfram, Acting Assistant Secretary for Economy Policy, for the Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee (November 1, 2021), available at https://home.treasury.gov/news/ press-releases/jy0453. 87 Yuka Hayashi, IMF Cuts Global Growth Forecast Amid Supply-Chain Disruptions, Pandemic Pressures, Wall Street Journal (October 12, 2021), available at https://www.wsj.com/ articles/imf-cuts-global-growth-forecast-amid- supply-chain-disruptions-warns-of-inflation-risks- 11634043601. 88 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, supra note 80. 89 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Civilian Labor Force Level [CLF16OV], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred. stlouisfed.org/series/CLF16OV (last visited December 7, 2021). 90 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey: Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (December 6, 2021), https://www.bls.gov/ news.release/empsit.t01.htm (last visited December 7, 2021); U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age (December 6, 2021), https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpseea04.htm (last visited December 7, 2021); U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment (December 6, 2021), https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpseea05.htm (last visited December 7, 2021). 91 Elise Gould & Jori Kandra, Wages grew in 2020 because the bottom fell out of the low-wage labor market, Economic Policy Institute (Feb. 24, 2021), https://files.epi.org/pdf/219418.pdf. See also, Michael Dalton et al., The K-Shaped Recovery: Examining the Diverging Fortunes of Workers in the Recovery from the COVID–19 Pandemic using Business and Household Survey Microdata, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Working Paper Series (July 2021), https://www.bls.gov/osmr/research- papers/2021/pdf/ec210020.pdf. 92 Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, Tracking the COVID–19 Recession’s Effects on Food, Housing, and Employment Hardships, https://www.cbpp.org/research/poverty-and- inequality/tracking-the-covid-19-economys-effects- on-food-housing-and (last visited December 17, 2021). eligible use is responsive to the impacts of the pandemic in all communities. The final rule incorporates guidance issued after the interim final rule on specifically types of services eligible, including: •Evidence-based practices like focused deterrence, street outreach, violence interrupters, and hospital- based violence intervention models, complete with wraparound services such as behavioral therapy, trauma recovery, job training, education, housing and relocation services, and financial assistance; and •Capacity-building efforts at community violence intervention programs like funding more intervention workers, increasing their pay, providing training and professional development for intervention workers, and hiring and training workers to administer the programs. Public Comment: Some commenters sought further clarification on whether some of the enumerated eligible uses are considered responsive to all crime, violent crime, or gun violence. Treasury Response: Enumerated eligible uses that respond to an increase in gun violence may be pursued in communities experiencing an increase in gun violence associated with the pandemic, specifically: (1) Hiring law enforcement officials—even above pre- pandemic levels—or paying overtime where the funds are directly focused on advancing community policing strategies for gun violence, (2) additional enforcement efforts to reduce gun violence exacerbated by the pandemic, including prosecuting gun traffickers, dealers, and other parties contributing to the supply of crime guns, as well as collaborative federal, state, and local efforts to identify and address gun trafficking channels, and (3) investing in technology and equipment to allow law enforcement to more efficiently and effectively respond to the rise in gun violence resulting from the pandemic, for example technology to assist in the identification of guns whose serial numbers have been damaged. 3. Negative Economic Impacts a. Assistance to Households Background While the U.S. economy is now on the path to a strong recovery, the public health emergency, including the necessary measures taken to protect public health, resulted in significant economic and financial hardship for many Americans. As businesses closed, consumers stayed home, schools shifted to remote education, and travel declined precipitously, over 22 million jobs were lost in March and April 2020.80 One year later, in April 2021, the economy still remained over 8 million jobs below its pre-pandemic peak,81 and the unemployment rate hovered around 6 percent.82 In the months since Treasury issued the interim final rule in May 2021, the economy has made large strides in its recovery. The economy gained over 4 million jobs in the seven months from May to November 2021;83 the unemployment rate fell more than 1.5 percentage points to 4.2 percent, which is the lowest rate since February 2020;84 and the size of the nation’s economy surpassed the pre-pandemic peak in the second quarter of 2021.85 While the economy has made immense progress in its recovery since May 2021, the economy has also faced setbacks that illustrate the continued risks to the recovery. As the Delta variant spread across the country this summer and fall, the United States faced another severe wave of cases, deaths, and strain on the healthcare system, which contributed to a slowdown in the pace of recovery in the third quarter.86 Supply chain disruptions have also demonstrated the difficulties of restarting a global economy.87 Moreover, although many Americans have returned to work as of November 2021, the economy remains 3.9 million jobs below its pre-pandemic peak,88 and 2.4 million workers have dropped out of the labor market altogether relative to February 2020.89 Thus, despite much progress, there is a continued need to respond to the pandemic’s economic effects to ensure a full, broad-based, and equitable recovery. Indeed, the pandemic’s economic impacts continue to affect some demographic groups more than others. Rates of unemployment remain particularly severe among workers of color and workers with lower levels of educational attainment; for example, the overall unemployment rate in the United States was 4.2 percent in November 2021, but certain groups saw much higher rates: 6.7 percent for Black workers, 5.2 percent for Hispanic or Latino workers, and 5.7 percent for workers without a high school diploma.90 Job losses have also been particularly steep among low-wage workers, with these workers remaining furthest from recovery as of the end of 2020.91 A severe recession, and its concentrated impact among low-income workers, has amplified food and housing insecurity, with an estimated nearly 20 million adults living in households where there is sometimes or often not enough food to eat and an estimated 12 million adults living in households that were not current on rent.92 While economic effects have been seen across many communities, there are additional disparities by race and income. For example, approximately VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4358 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 93 Michael Karpman, Dulce Gonzalez, Genevieve M. Kenney, Parents Are Struggling to Provide for Their Families during the Pandemic, Urban Institute (May 2020), https://www.urban.org/ research/publication/parents-are-struggling- provide-their-families-during-pandemic?utm_ source=urban_researcher&utm_ medium=email&utm_campaign=covid_ parents&utm_term=lhp. 94 Women have carried a larger share of childcare responsibilities than men during the COVID–19 crisis. See, e.g., Gema Zamarro & Marı´a J. Prados, Gender differences in couples’ division of childcare, work and mental health during COVID– 19, Rev. Econ. Household 19:11–40 (2021), available at https://link.springer.com/article/ 10.1007/s11150-020-09534-7; Titan Alon et al., The Impact of COVID–19 on Gender Equality, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 26947 (April 2020), available at https://www.nber.org/ papers/w26947. 95 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Participation Rate—20 Yrs. & Over, Black or African American Women [LNS11300032], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https:// fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS11300032 (last visited December 7, 2021). 96 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Participation Rate—20 Yrs. & Over, Black or African American Men [LNS11300031], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https:// fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LNS11300031 (last visited December 7, 2021). 97 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Participation Rate—20 Yrs. & Over, White Women [LNS11300029], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouis fed.org/series/LNS11300029 (last visited December 7, 2021). 98 See, e.g., Michael Greenstone & Adam Looney, Unemployment and Earnings Losses: A Look at Long-Term Impacts of the Great Recession on American Workers, Brookings Institution (Nov. 4, 2011), https://www.brookings.edu/blog/jobs/2011/ 11/04/unemployment-and-earnings-losses-a-look- at-long-term-impacts-of-the-great-recession-on- american-workers/. 99 Chi Chi Wu, Solving the Credit Conundrum: Helping Consumers’ Credit Records Impaired by the Foreclosure Crisis and Great Recession, National Consumer Law Center (Dec. 2013), https:// www.nclc.org/images/pdf/credit_reports/report- credit-conundrum-2013.pdf. 100 Irwin Garfinkel, Sara McLanahan, Christopher Wimer, eds., Children of the Great Recession, Russell Sage Foundation (Aug. 2016), available at https://www.russellsage.org/publications/children- great-recession. 101 Kyle J. Casewell and Stephen Zuckerman, Food Insecurity, Housing Hardship, and Medical Care Utilization, Urban Institute (June 2018), available at https://www.urban.org/sites/default/ files/publication/98701/2001896_foodinsecurity_ housinghardship_medicalcareutilization_ finalized.pdf. 102 Housing insecurity is defined as not paying the full amount of rent or mortgage and/or utility bills (gas, oil, or electricity) sometime in the previous 12 months. 103 Housing quality hardship is defined as an affirmative response to one or more questions related to problems with a respondent’s physical dwelling: Pests and/or insects; leaking roof or ceiling; windows that are broken or cannot shut; exposed electrical wires; broken plumbing (toilet, hot water, other); holes in walls, ceiling, or floor; no appliances (refrigerator or stove); and no phone (of any kind). 104 Id. 105 Elise Gould and Melat Kassa. Low-wage, low- hours workers were hit hardest in the COVID–19 recession: The State of Working America 2020 employment report, Economic Policy Institute (May 2021), available at https://www.epi.org/publication/ swa-2020-employment-report/. 106 Id. 107 Id. 108 Id. 109 R. Chetty, J. Friedman, N. Hendren, M. Stepner, & Team, T. O. I., The Economic Impacts of COVID–19: Evidence from a New Public Database Built Using Private Sector Data (No. w27431; p. w27431) (2020), National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27431. 110 M. Despard, Michal Grinstein-Weiss, Yung Chun, and Stephen Roll, COVID–19 job and income loss leading to more hunger and financial hardship, Brookings Institute (July 13, 2020), https:// www.brookings.edu/blog/upfront/2020/07/13/ covid-19-job-and-income-loss-leading-to-more- hunger-and-financial-hardship/. 111 N. Panchal, R. Kamal, C. Mun˜ana, & P. Chidambaram, The Implications of COVID–19 for Mental Health and Substance Use, Kaiser Family Foundation (February 10, 2021), https:// half of low-income, Black, and Hispanic parents reported difficulty covering costs related to food, housing, utility, or medical care.93 Over the course of the pandemic, inequities also manifested along gender lines, as schools closed to in-person activities, leaving many working families without childcare during the day.94 Women of color have been hit especially hard: The labor force participation rate for Black women has fallen by 3.6 percentage points 95 during the pandemic as compared to 1.3 percentage points for Black men 96 and 1.7 percentage points for White women.97 As the economy recovers, the effects of the pandemic-related recession may continue to impact households, including a risk of longer-term effects on earnings and economic potential. For example, unemployed workers, especially those who have experienced longer periods of unemployment, earn lower wages over the long term once rehired.98 In addition to the labor market consequences for unemployed workers, recessions can also cause longer-term economic challenges through, among other factors, damaged consumer credit scores 99 and reduced familial and childhood wellbeing.100 These potential long-term economic consequences underscore the continued need for robust policy support. Low- and moderate-income households, those with income levels at or below 300 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL), face particular hardships and challenges. These households report much higher rates of food insecurity and housing hardships than households with higher incomes. For example, households with incomes at or below 300 percent FPL are several times more likely to have reported struggling with food insecurity compared to households with income above 300 percent FPL.101 Similarly, low- and moderate-income households reported being housing insecure 102 at rates more than twice as high as higher- income households, and low- and moderate-income households reported housing quality hardship 103 at rates statistically significantly greater than the rate for higher-income households.104 The economic crisis caused by the pandemic worsened economic outcomes for workers in many low- and moderate-income households. Industries that employed low-wage workers experienced a disproportionate level of job loss. For example, from February 2020 to February 2021, the hospitality and leisure industry lost nearly 3.5 million jobs.105 While the entire industry was impacted, 72 percent of the job losses occurred in the lowest wage service occupations compared to only a 6 percent rate of job loss in the highest wage management and finance jobs.106 Similar trends exist in other heavily impacted industries. In public education, the lowest wage occupations, service and transportation jobs, saw a job loss rate of 20 and 26 percent, respectively.107 During that same time period, the highest wage occupations in public education, management, actually saw jobs increase by 7 percent.108 While many households suffered negative economic outcomes as a result of the COVID–19 pandemic and economic recession, households with low incomes were impacted in disproportionate and exceptional ways. From January 2020 to March 2021, low- wage workers experienced job loss at a rate five times higher than middle-wage workers, and high-wage workers actually experienced an increase in job opportunities.109 Because workers in low-income households were more likely to lose their job or experience reductions in pay, those same households were also more likely to experience economic hardships like trouble paying utility bills, affording rent or mortgage payments, purchasing food, and paying for medical expenses.110 The disproportionate negative impacts the pandemic has had on low-income families extend beyond financial insecurity. For example, low- income families have reported higher levels of social isolation, stress, and other negative mental health outcomes during the pandemic. While over half of all U.S. adults report that their mental health was negatively affected by the pandemic, adults with low incomes reported major negative mental health impacts at a rate nearly twice that of adults with high incomes.111 VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4359 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations www.kff.org/coronavirus-covid-19/issue-brief/the- implications-of-covid-19-for-mental-health-and- substance-use/. 112 For which recipients may presume that any student who did not have access to in-person instruction for a significant period of time was impacted by the pandemic. Summary of Interim Final Rule and Final Rule Structure Summary: The interim final rule provided a non-exhaustive list of enumerated eligible uses to respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic through assistance to households, as well as a standard for assessing whether uses of funds beyond those enumerated are eligible. The interim final rule described enumerated eligible uses for assistance to households in several categories: (1) Assistance to unemployed workers, (2) state Unemployment Insurance Trust Funds, (3) assistance to households, and (4) expenses to improve the efficacy of economic relief. Note that the interim final rule posed several questions to the public on enumerated eligible uses for assistance to households; comments on these questions are addressed in the relevant subject matter section below. In addition, in recognition that pre- existing health, economic, and social disparities contributed to disproportionate pandemic impacts in certain communities, the interim final rule also provided a broader list of enumerated eligible uses to respond to the pandemic in disproportionately impacted communities, specifically: (1) Building stronger communities through investments in housing and neighborhoods, (2) addressing educational disparities, and (3) promoting healthy childhood environments. In the interim final rule, under the Public Health section, recipients could also provide services to address health disparities and increase access to health and social services; these eligible uses have been re- organized into the Assistance to Households section to consolidate responses in disproportionately impacted communities and enhance clarity. This section addresses enumerated eligible uses in the final rule to respond to negative economic impacts to households. As a reminder, recipients may presume that a household or population that experienced unemployment, experienced increased food or housing insecurity, or is low or moderate income experienced negative economic impacts resulting from the pandemic, and recipients may provide services to them that respond to these impacts, including these enumerated eligible uses. For guidance on how to determine whether a particular use, beyond those enumerated, is eligible; further detail on which households and communities are presumed eligible for services; and how to identify eligible households and communities beyond those presumed eligible, see section General Provisions: Structure and Standards. Reorganizations and Cross- References: The final rule reorganizes all enumerated eligible uses for impacted and disproportionately impacted households into the section Assistance to Households, with the exception that expenses to improve the efficacy of economic relief has been re- categorized into a different section of the final rule for increased clarity; for discussion of that use category, see section General Provisions: Other. Note that in conducting this reorganization, and based on further analysis and in response to comments, Treasury has determined that several enumerated uses included in the interim final rule for disproportionately impacted communities are directly responsive to negative economic impacts experienced by impacted households. In the final rule, these uses have been moved from ‘‘disproportionately impacted’’ to ‘‘impacted’’ households accordingly, making these services available to both disproportionately impacted and impacted households. These uses include assistance applying for public benefits or services; programs or services that address or mitigate the impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency on childhood health or welfare, including childcare, early learning services, programs to provide home visits, and services for families involved in the child welfare system and foster youth; programs to address the impacts of lost instructional time for students;112 and programs or services that address housing insecurity, lack of affordable housing, or homelessness. The following activities remain enumerated eligible uses for disproportionately impacted households: Remediation of lead paint or other lead hazards; housing vouchers and assistance relocating to neighborhoods with higher levels of economic opportunity; and programs or services that address educational disparities, including assistance to high- poverty school districts to advance equitable funding across districts and geographies and evidence-based services to address the academic, social, emotional, and mental health needs of students. Enumerated Eligible Uses for Impacted Households The interim final rule included several enumerated eligible uses to provide assistance to households or populations facing negative economic impacts due to COVID–19. Enumerated eligible uses included: Food assistance; rent, mortgage, or utility assistance; counseling and legal aid to prevent eviction or homelessness; emergency assistance for burials, home repairs, weatherization, or other needs; internet access or digital literacy assistance; cash assistance; or job training to address negative economic or public health impacts experienced due to a worker’s occupation or level of training. It also posed a question as to what other types of services or costs Treasury should consider as eligible uses to respond to the negative economic impacts of COVID–19. This section addresses each of these enumerated eligible uses in turn, with the exception of job training, which has been re-categorized for increased clarity to the eligible use for ‘‘assistance to unemployed and underemployed workers.’’ In general, commenters supported inclusion of these enumerated eligible uses to address key economic needs among households due to the pandemic, and Treasury is maintaining these eligible uses in the final rule, in line with commenters’ recommendations. 1. Food assistance. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for food assistance. Some commenters expressed support for this eligible use and emphasized the importance of aid to address food insecurity. Some commenters raised questions as to whether food assistance funds could be used to augment services provided through organizations like food banks, churches, and other food delivery services, or generally be sub- awarded to these organizations. Treasury Response: Treasury is maintaining this enumerated eligible use without change. Recipients may, as was the case under the interim final rule, administer programs through a wide range of entities, including nonprofit and for-profit entities, to carry out eligible uses on behalf of the recipient government (see section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries). Further, Treasury is clarifying that capital expenditures related to food banks and other facilities primarily dedicated to addressing food insecurity are eligible; recipients seeking to use funds for capital expenditures should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4360 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 113 See FAQ 2.21. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. 114 Jung Hyun Choi, Laurie Goodman, and Daniel Pang, The Pandemic Is Making It Difficult for Mom- and-Pop Landlords to Maintain Their Properties, Urban Institute (July 23, 2021), https:// www.urban.org/urban-wire/pandemic-making-it- difficult-mom-and-pop-landlords-maintain-their- properties. 115 U.S. Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (2017), Retrieved from https://www.eia.gov/consumption/ residential/data/2015/hc/php/hc11.1.php. D. Herna´ndez, Understanding ‘energy insecurity’ and why it matters to health, Social Science & Medicine, 167, 1–10 (2016), https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.029. 116 Herna´ndez, D. (2016). Understanding ‘energy insecurity’ and why it matters to health. Social Science & Medicine, 167, 1–10. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.08.029. 117 U.S. Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/ 2015/hc/php/hc11.1.php. (last visited November 9, 2021) Provisions: Other for additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures. 2. Emergency housing assistance. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for rent, mortgage, or utility assistance and counseling and legal aid to prevent eviction or homelessness. Public Comment: Several commenters supported the inclusion of eviction prevention activities as an eligible use given the high number of households behind on rent and potentially at risk of eviction. Following release of the interim final rule, Treasury had also received requests for elaboration on the types of eligible services in this category. Some commenters also recommended including assistance to households for delinquent property taxes, for example to prevent tax foreclosures on homes, as an enumerated eligible use. Treasury Response: In response to requests for elaboration on the types of eligible services for eviction prevention, Treasury has provided further guidance that these services include ‘‘housing stability services that enable eligible households to maintain or obtain housing, such as housing counseling, fair housing counseling, case management related to housing stability, outreach to households at risk of eviction or promotion of housing support programs, housing related services for survivors of domestic abuse or human trafficking, and specialized services for individuals with disabilities or seniors that support their ability to access or maintain housing,’’ as well as ‘‘legal aid such as legal services or attorney’s fees related to eviction proceedings and maintaining housing stability, court-based eviction prevention or eviction diversion programs, and other legal services that help households maintain or obtain housing.’’113 Treasury also emphasized that recipients may work with court systems, nonprofits, and a wide range of other organizations to implement strategies to support housing stability and prevent evictions. In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining these enumerated eligible uses, including those described in the interim final rule and later guidance, in line with commenters’ recommendations. To enhance clarity, Treasury is also elaborating on some types of services included under this eligible use category; this remains a non-exhaustive list of eligible services. For example, eligible services under this use category include: Rent, rental arrears, utility costs or arrears (e.g., electricity, gas, water and sewer, trash removal, and energy costs, such as fuel oil), reasonable accrued late fees (if not included in rental or utility arrears), mortgage payment assistance, financial assistance to allow a homeowner to reinstate a mortgage or to pay other housing-related costs related to a period of forbearance, delinquency, or default, mortgage principal reduction, facilitating mortgage interest rate reductions, counseling to prevent foreclosure or displacement, relocation expenses following eviction or foreclosure (e.g., rental security deposits, application or screening fees). Treasury is clarifying that assistance to households for delinquent property taxes, for example to prevent tax foreclosures on homes, was permissible under the interim final rule and continues to be so under the final rule. In addition, Treasury is also clarifying that recipients may administer utility assistance or address arrears on behalf of households through direct or bulk payments to utility providers to facilitate utility assistance to multiple consumers at once, so long as the payments offset customer balances and therefore provide assistance to households. This eligible use category also includes emergency assistance for individuals experiencing homelessness, either individual-level assistance (e.g., rapid rehousing services) or assistance for groups of individuals (e.g., master leases of hotels, motels, or similar facilities to expand available shelter). Further, Treasury is clarifying that transitional shelters (e.g., temporary residences for people experiencing homelessness) are eligible capital expenditures. Recipients seeking to use funds for capital expenditures should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other for additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures. Note that this enumerated eligible use describes ‘‘emergency housing assistance,’’ or assistance for responses to the immediate or near-term negative economic impacts of the pandemic. The final rule also clarifies and expands the ability of recipients to use SLFRF funds to address the general lack of affordable housing and housing challenges underscored by the pandemic. For discussion of affordable housing eligible uses, including services that primarily increase access to affordable, high- quality housing and support stable housing and homeownership over the long term, see the eligible use for ‘‘promoting long-term housing security: Affordable housing and homelessness.’’ 3. Emergency assistance for pressing needs: Burials, home repairs, weatherization, or other needs. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for emergency assistance for burials, home repairs, weatherization, and other needs; these types of programs may provide emergency assistance for pressing and unavoidable household needs. Treasury did not receive comments on this eligible use and is maintaining it in the final rule. Background on Home Repairs and Weatherization: The economic downturn has meant fewer households had the resources needed to make necessary home repairs and improvements. In May 2021, 28 percent of landlords reported deferring maintenance and 27 percent of tenants reported maintenance requests going unanswered.114 While small and cosmetic repairs can often wait, deferring major repairs, such as plumbing needs, can result in unsafe and unhealthy living environments and, eventually, the need for more expensive repairs and fixes. In addition to repairs, many homes are in need of weatherization. Weatherization assistance helps low- and moderate-income Americans save energy, reduce their utility bills, and keeps them and their homes safe. One in three households is energy insecure,115 meaning they do not have the ability to meet their energy needs.116 Weatherization efforts are particularly important for low- and moderate- income households. Households of color, renters, and households with low or moderate incomes are all more likely to report energy insecurity.117 These VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4361 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 118 A. Drehobl, & L. Ross, Lifting the high energy burden in America’s largest cities: How energy efficiency can improve low income and underserved communities, American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (2016), https:// www.aceee.org/sites/default/files/publications/ researchreports/u1602.pdf. 119 See, e.g., Nation Telecommunications and Information Administration, More than Half of American Households Used the Internet for Health- Related Activities in 2019, NTIA Data Show (December 7, 2020), https://www.ntia.gov/blog/ 2020/more-half-american-households-used- internet-health-related-activities-2019-ntia-data- show; Nation Telecommunications and Information Administration, Nearly a Third of American Employees Worked Remotely in 2019, NTIA Data Show (September 3, 2020) https://www.ntia.gov/ blog/2020/nearly-third-american-employees- worked-remotely-2019-ntia-data-show; and generally, Nation Telecommunications and Information Administration, Digital Nation Data Explorer (June 10, 2020), https://www.ntia.gov/ data/digital-nation-data-explorer. 120 BroadbandSearch Blog Post, How Do U.S. Internet Costs Compare To The Rest Of The World?, available at https://www.broadbandsearch.net/blog/ internet-costs-compared-worldwide. 121 Pew Research Center, Mobile Technology and Home Broadband 2021 (June 3, 2021), https:// www.pewresearch.org/internet/2021/06/03/mobile- technology-and-home-broadband-2021/. 122 Pew Research Center, 53% of Americans Say the internet Has Been Essential During the COVID– 19 Outbreak (April 30, 2020), https://www.pew research.org/internet/2020/04/30/53-of-americans- say-the-internet-has-been-essential-during-the- covid-19-outbreak/. 123 Id. disparities are partially a result of economic hardship but are also caused by inequitable access to housing with proper insulation, up to date heating, cooling, and ventilation systems, and functioning and up to date lighting and appliances.118 While programs that address the effects of energy hardships, like the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), are critical, weatherization attempts to address root causes by addressing issues that lead to energy insecurities. 4. Internet access or digital literacy assistance. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for assistance to households for internet access or digital literacy assistance. This enumerated eligible use, which responds to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic on a household by providing assistance that helps them secure internet access or increase their ability to use computers and the internet, is separate from the eligible use category for investments in broadband infrastructure, under Sections 602(c)(1)(D) and 603(c)(1)(D), which is used to build new broadband networks through infrastructure construction or modernization. For discussion of broadband infrastructure investment in the final rule, see section Broadband Infrastructure in Infrastructure. Background: The COVID–19 public health emergency has underscored the importance of universally available, high-speed, reliable, and affordable broadband coverage as millions of Americans rely on the internet to participate in, among other critical activities, school, healthcare, and work. Recognizing the need for such connectivity, SLFRF funds can be used to make necessary investments in broadband infrastructure that increase access over the long term, as well as the necessary supports to purchase internet access or gain digital literacy skills needed to complete activities of daily living during the pandemic. The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) highlighted the growing necessity of broadband in daily lives through its analysis of NTIA internet Use Survey data, noting that Americans turn to broadband internet service for every facet of daily life including work, study, and healthcare.119 With increased use of technology for daily activities and the movement by many businesses and schools to operating remotely during the pandemic, broadband has become even more critical for people across the country to carry out their daily lives. However, even in areas where broadband infrastructure exists, broadband access may be out of reach for millions of Americans because it is unaffordable, as the United States has some of the highest broadband prices in the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD).120 According to a 2021 Pew Research Center study, 20 percent of non- broadband users say that the monthly cost of home broadband is the primary reason they do not have broadband at home, and 40 percent say that cost is one reason for their lack of home broadband.121 Further, according to another survey, 22 percent of parents with homebound schoolchildren during the COVID–19 pandemic say that it is very or somewhat likely that their children will have to rely on public wi- fi to finish their schoolwork because there is no reliable internet connection at home; this percentage nearly doubles for lower-income parents, 40 percent of whom noted that their children will have to rely on public wi-fi.122 The same survey showed that 36 percent of lower-income parents with homebound children say their child will not be able to complete their schoolwork because they do not have access to a computer at home.123 Public Comment: Many commenters highlighted the importance of broadband access during the pandemic, including for remote work and education, and argued that affordability presents a major barrier to broadband adoption by households; in other words, many households live in areas that have broadband infrastructure and service available but are unable to purchase service for their household due to the high cost. These commenters argued that broadband must be affordable to be accessible. Commenters proposed several potential responses to affordability concerns. Some commenters recommended that building ‘‘gap networks,’’ or broadband networks built at low cost to provide affordable service in areas where it is lacking, be eligible as assistance to households to respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, even if they do not meet the technical standards for eligibility under the eligible use category of broadband infrastructure investment, especially the required speed standards for new service. These commenters argued that the networks have shown promise as a timely means to expand access to affordable broadband internet during the pandemic, even if they may not provide service speeds needed for more intensive internet uses. Another commenter requested eligible uses include funding cellular towers to decrease costs. One commenter recommended that affordability should be addressed through other programs but not SLFRF given that affordability and availability may require nuanced solutions that would be complex to combine. Treasury Response: The interpretive framework and enumerated eligible uses allow recipients flexibility to address identified pandemic impacts, including through solutions that take into account the particularized issues in their community. Given extensive commenter feedback on the importance of affordability to achieving broadband access, and the centrality of broadband to participating in work, education, healthcare, and other activities during the pandemic, affordability programs are an appropriate eligible use to respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic and Treasury is maintaining the enumerated eligible use for assistance to households for internet access and digital literacy programs in the final rule. Building or constructing new broadband networks is an infrastructure investment and is governed by a separate clause in the statute. Treasury has addressed comments on ‘‘gap networks’’ that require infrastructure build-out in the section Broadband Infrastructure in Infrastructure. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4362 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 124 Amy Finkelstein & Matthew J Notowidigdo, Take-Up and Targeting: Experimental Evidence from SNAP, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol 134(3), pages 1505–1556 (2019), https:// www.nber.org/papers/w24652. Public Comment: Some commenters also use the term ‘‘gap networks’’ to refer to equipment installed as part of wi-fi systems, such as routers, repeaters, and access points; this equipment provides consumer access to an existing broadband network and does not require new network build-out or construction. These commenters recommended that Treasury permit, as assistance to households for internet access, investments in public wi-fi networks, free wi-fi in public housing communities, and other equipment that offers internet access to end users by utilizing existing broadband networks. Other commenters recommended that eligible uses in this category include providing devices and equipment necessary to access the internet, like computers and routers, directly to low- income households. Treasury Response: Treasury has determined that these services, which expand internet access without constructing new networks, are an appropriate enumerated eligible use as assistance to households to respond to a negative economic impact, and they are permitted under the final rule. Treasury is clarifying that eligible uses under this category can also include a wide range of programs and services to expand internet access and digital literacy, such as subsidies for the cost of internet service, other programs that support adoption of internet service where available, digital literacy programs, or programs that provide devices and equipment to access the internet (e.g., programs that provide equipment like tablets, computers, or routers) to households. Recipients seeking to use funds for equipment should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other for additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures (e.g., equipment, property, and facilities). 5. Cash assistance. The interim final rule included as an enumerated eligible use cash assistance and provided that cash transfers must be ‘‘reasonably proportional’’ to the negative economic impact they address and may not be ‘‘grossly in excess of the amount needed to address’’ the impact. In assessing whether a transfer is reasonably proportional, recipients may ‘‘consider and take guidance from the per person amounts previously provided by the Federal Government in response to the COVID–19 crisis,’’ and transfers ‘‘grossly in excess of such amounts’’ are not eligible. Public Comment: Several commenters expressed support for this eligible use, noting that this is a common policy tool for some governments to support the well-being of households and individuals in their communities. Some commenters requested that Treasury set a specific dollar amount for permissible cash transfers, and Treasury has also received recipient questions on whether specific types of transfers, such as those to a substantial share of the population in the jurisdiction, would be a permissible use of funds. Treasury Response: Treasury is maintaining this enumerated eligible use in the final rule, in line with commenters’ recommendations. Because the final rule is intended to provide flexibility to recipients to respond to the particularized pandemic impacts in their communities, which may vary in type and intensity, setting a specific dollar threshold for eligible cash transfers would fail to recognize the particularized needs of communities and limit recipients’ flexibility to tailor their response to those needs. To provide greater clarity, Treasury is elaborating on the analysis that recipients may undertake to assess the eligibility of specific cash assistance programs or transfers. Cash transfers, like all eligible uses in this category, must respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic on a household or class of households. For the reasons discussed above, recipients may presume that low- and moderate-income households (as defined in the final rule), as well as households that experienced unemployment, food insecurity, or housing insecurity, experienced a negative economic impact due to the pandemic. Recipients may also identify other households or classes of households that experienced a negative economic impact of the pandemic and provide cash assistance that is reasonably proportional to, and not grossly in excess of, the amount needed to address the negative economic impact. For example, in the ARPA, Congress authorized Economic Impact Payments to households at certain income levels, identifying and responding to a negative economic impact of the pandemic on these households. Finally, Treasury has reiterated in the final rule that responses to negative economic impacts should be reasonably proportional to the impact that they are intended to address. Uses that bear no relation or are grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced would not be eligible uses. Reasonably proportional refers to the scale of the response compared to the scale of the harm. It also refers to the targeting of the response to beneficiaries compared to the amount of harm they experienced; for example, it may not be reasonably proportional for a cash assistance program to provide assistance in a very small amount to a group that experienced severe harm and in a much larger amount to a group that experienced relatively little harm. 6. Survivor’s benefits. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for survivor’s benefits to surviving family members of individuals who have died from COVID–19, including cash assistance to widows, widowers, or dependents. Public Comment: Treasury did not receive any comments on the inclusion of survivor’s benefits as an enumerated use for impacted households in the interim final rule. Treasury Response: This use of funds remains eligible under the final rule. Consistent with the general reorganization noted above, the final rule organizes survivor’s benefits under assistance to households to clarify that households are the intended beneficiaries of survivor’s benefits. 7. Assistance accessing or applying for public benefits or services. Recognizing that eligible households often face barriers to accessing public benefits or services that improve health and economic outcomes, the interim final rule included as an enumerated eligible use in disproportionately impacted communities, public benefits navigators to assist community members with navigating and applying for available federal, state, and local public benefits or services. Treasury also clarified in subsequent guidance after the interim final rule that this eligible use category would include outreach efforts to increase uptake of the Child Tax Credit. Background: The under-enrollment of eligible households in social assistance programs is a well-recognized and persistent challenge. There are many reasons why a household may not be receiving a particular benefit even though they are eligible. For many federal programs, enrollment processes vary from state-to-state. Sometimes, households are simply unaware that they are eligible for a particular benefit.124 For example, despite having one of the highest rates of participation of any benefits program, nearly 20 percent of eligible individuals do not participate in the Supplementary Nutritional Assistance Program VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4363 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 125 United States Department of Agriculture, Trends in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participation Rates: Fiscal Year 2016 to Fiscal Year 2018 (May 2021), https://fns-prod. azureedge.net/sites/default/files/resource-files/ Trends2016-2018.pdf. 126 Jeremy Barofsky et al., Spreading Fear: The Announcement Of The Public Charge Rule Reduced Enrollment In Child Safety-Net Programs, Health Affairs (October 2020), https://www.health affairs.org/doi/full/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00763. 127 See, e.g., U.S. Department of the Treasury, By ZIP Code: Number of Children under Age 18 with a Social Security Number Who Are Not Found on a Tax Year 2019 or 2020 Tax Return but who Appear on a Tax Year 2019 Form 1095 and Associated Number of Policy Holders (June 2021), https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/131/ Estimated-Counts-of-Children-Unclaimed-for-CTC- by-ZIP-Code-2019.pdf. 128 Women have carried a larger share of childcare responsibilities than men during the COVID–19 crisis. See, e.g., Gema Zamarro & Mar(´a J. Prados, Gender differences in couples’ division of childcare, work and mental health during COVID– 19, Rev. Econ. Household 19:11–40 (2021), available at https://link.springer.com/article/ 10.1007/s11150-020-09534-7; Titan Alon et al., The Impact of COVID–19 on Gender Equality, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 26947 (April 2020), available at https://www.nber.org/ papers/w26947. 129 See, e.g., Center For The Study Of Child Care Employment (CSCCE), Child Care Sector Jobs: BLS Analysis (November 8, 2021), https://cscce. berkeley.edu/child-care-sector-jobs-bls-analysis/; Emma K. Lee, and Zachary Parolin. The Care Burden during COVID–19: A National Database of Child Care Closures in the United States, Socius (January 2021), doi:10.1177/23780231211032028. 130 Jason Furman, Melissa Schettini Kearney, and Wilson Powell, The Role of Childcare Challenges in the US Jobs Market Recovery During the COVID– 19 Pandemic, NBER Working Paper No. 28934 (June 2021), https://www.nber.org/papers/w28934. 131 U.S. Census Bureau, Phase 3.2 Household Pulse Survey: Table 2. Childcare Arrangements in the Last 4 Weeks for Children Under 5 Years Old, by Selected Characteristics, (Washington: 2021), available at https://www.census.gov/programs- surveys/household-pulse-survey/data.html. 132 Id. 133 N. Kalluri, C. Kelly, & A. Garg, Child Care During the COVID–19 Pandemic: A Bad Situation Made Worse. Pediatrics (2021), https://doi.org/ 10.1542/peds.2020-041525. 134 National Association for the Education of Young Children, Am I Next? Sacrificing to Stay Open, Child Care Providers Face a Bleak Future Without Relief (December 2020), https:// www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/globally-shared/ downloads/PDF. 135 G. G. Weisenfeld, Impacts of Covid-19 on Preschool Enrollment and Spending, New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research (2021), https://nieer.org/wp- content/uploads/2021/03/NIEER_Policy_Brief_ Impacts-of-Covid-19on_Preschool_Enrollment_and_ Spending_3_16_21.pdf. 136 Heather Long, ‘The pay is absolute crap’: Child-care workers are quitting rapidly, a red flag for the economy, Washington Post (September 19, 2021), https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/ 2021/09/19/childcare-workers-quit/. 137 Monash University, The emotional toll of COVID–19 among early childhood educators (August 5, 2020) https://lens.monash.edu/@ education/2020/08/05/1381001/the-emotional-toll- of-covid-19-among-early-childhood-educators. 138 Daphna Bassok and Anna Shapiro, Understanding COVID–19-era enrollment drops Continued (SNAP).125 In other cases, policies like public charge and asset testing can discourage otherwise eligible households.126 While the gap between households that need assistance and the number of households participating in public benefit programs has always existed, narrowing that gap and ensuring households receive the support they need is critical in mitigating the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Public Comment: Treasury has also received feedback from recipients and stakeholders noting the need to increase awareness and uptake of assistance programs, including gaps that remain in enrollment of eligible households in programs to address the negative economic impacts of the pandemic.127 Treasury Response: Treasury has determined that this impact of the pandemic is widely experienced across many jurisdictions and programs or services to increase awareness and uptake of assistance programs would respond to the pandemic’s negative economic impact in all communities. As such, in the final rule, this use is eligible for any impacted household or class of households, not only in disproportionately impacted communities. 8. Promoting healthy childhood environments. The interim final rule included programs and services that promote healthy childhood environments as an enumerated eligible use for disproportionately impacted households. The interim final rule listed three programs or services included under this use: Childcare; programs to provide home visits by health professionals, parent educators, and social service professionals to individuals with young children to provide education and assistance for economic support, health needs, or child development; and services for child welfare-involved families and foster youth to provide support and education on child development, positive parenting, coping skills, or recovery for mental health and substance use. The interim final rule also included an enumerated eligible use for early learning services in disproportionately impacted communities, to address disparities in education. Public Comment: Childcare and Early Learning: Treasury received multiple comments that were supportive of the provision of childcare. Treasury has also received multiple comments and questions indicating that recipients have identified a need for childcare for a broader range of households and communities, for example those that may need childcare in order to return to work, in addition to households and communities disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Several commenters expressed uncertainty about how childcare facilities should interact with the boundaries of a QCT. Finally, one commenter recommended that pre-K or early learning services encompass care for infants and toddlers, arguing that these types of care are often more expensive or challenging to access for families. Background: Childcare and Early Learning: As daycares and schools closed in-person activities during the pandemic, many working families were left without childcare during the day.128 Although daycare centers and schools have since reopened in many communities, there remains a persistent childcare shortage as childcare employment levels have not fully rebounded since the sharp decline in childcare employment at the beginning of the pandemic.129 As a result, working parents in communities across the country, and more specifically women, may face challenges entering or reentering the labor force.130 Low-income households are also more likely to lose access to quality childcare.131 The widespread closure of childcare centers combined with a lack of access to paid family leave means parents in low-income households are more likely to experience a reduction of income or leave their jobs due to a lack of childcare options.132 Additionally, childcare providers serving primarily low-income families were less likely to remain open during the pandemic because of tighter profit margins and general community financial insecurity, compared to childcare providers serving primarily high-income families.133 134 In addition to disruptions to childcare, early learning services were also significantly impacted by the pandemic, and the disruption of these services had widespread ramifications for learning loss, parental support, and equity. Early learning centers have seen declined enrollment across the board, though there was a larger dip in enrollment for low-income households.135 This lower enrollment coincides with a diminishing workforce, as similarly to childcare, early childhood educators have been leaving the profession due to long hours, low pay,136 and health and safety concerns.137 As a result, children’s school readiness has suffered, leading to potential long-term impacts on life outcomes.138 The impact also extended VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4364 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations among early-grade public school students, Brookings Institution (February 22, 2021), https:// www.brookings.edu/blog/brown-center-chalkboard/ 2021/02/22/understanding-covid-19-era- enrollment-drops-among-early-grade-public-school- students/. 139 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People, https:// www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra- precautions/pregnant-people.html (last visited November 9, 2021). 140 Id. 141 Sarah Javaid, Sarah Barringer, Sarah D Compton, Elizabeth Kaselitz, Maria Muzik, Cheryl A. Moyer, The impact of COVID–19 on prenatal care in the United States: Qualitative analysis from a survey of 2519 pregnant women, Midwifery, Volume 98, 2021, 102991, ISSN 0266–6138, https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2021.102991. 142 A Basu, HH Kim, R Basaldua, KW Choi, L Charron, et al., A cross-national study of factors associated with women’s perinatal mental health and wellbeing during the COVID–19 pandemic, PLOS ONE 16(4): e0249780, (2021), https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0249780. 143 Amanda Taub, A New Covid-19 Crisis: Domestic Abuse Rises Worldwide, New York Times (April 6, 2020), https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/ 06/world/coronavirus-domestic-violence.html. 144 Xenia Shih Bion, Efforts to Reduce Black Maternal Mortality Complicated by COVID–19, California Health Care Foundation (April 20, 2020), https://www.chcf.org/blog/efforts-reduce-black- maternal-mortality-complicated-covid-19/. 145 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Home Visiting Evidence of Effectiveness, https://homvee.acf.hhs.gov/outcomes/maternal%20 health/In%20Brief. 146 National Conference of State Legislatures, Criminal Justice System Responses to COVID–19 (November 16, 2020), https://www.ncsl.org/ research/civil-and-criminal-justice/criminal-justice- and-covid-19.aspx. 147 John Burton Advocates for Youth, The Cumulative Impact of the Pandemic on Youth Who Have Been in Foster Care or Homeless (May 2020) https://jbay.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/JBAY- COVID-19-Impact.pdf. 148 John Kelly, Next Week, Thousands of Foster Youth Will Age Out on the Same Day (September 21, 2021), https://imprintnews.org/subscriber- content/thousands-of-foster-youth-will-age-out-on- the-same-day/59006. 149 Conrad-Hiebner, Aislinn, and Elizabeth Byram, The Temporal Impact of Economic Insecurity on Child Maltreatment: A Systematic Review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, vol. 21, no. 1, Jan. 2020, pp. 157–178, doi:10.1177/ 1524838018756122. to parents. Parents, especially mothers, may face challenges reentering or remaining in the workforce if early learning services are unavailable. Treasury Response: Childcare and Early Learning Services: Treasury agrees with commenters’ analysis that challenges accessing or affording childcare have been widespread during the pandemic, affecting many jurisdictions and populations across the country. Disruptions to early care and learning services similarly have had broad impact and likely result in negative impacts for young children and their parents. As such, these enumerated eligible uses are generally responsive to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic in all communities, not just in disproportionately impacted communities. Under the final rule, childcare and early learning services are available to impacted households or classes of households, not just those disproportionately impacted. These eligible uses can include new or expanded services, increasing access to services, efforts to bolster, support, or preserve existing providers and services, and similar activities. Further, Treasury is clarifying that improvements to or new construction of childcare, daycare, and early learning facilities are eligible capital expenditures. Recipients seeking to use funds for capital expenditures should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other for additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures. Public Comment: Home Visiting: Treasury has also received questions about whether the provision of home visiting services would be responsive to the health and mental health needs of impacted new mothers, citing the positive mental health impacts shown on the mother as well as improved outcomes for children. Background: Home Visiting: Pregnant and recently pregnant individuals are at an increased risk for serious illness from COVID–19.139 Furthermore, pregnant individuals with COVID–19 are more likely to experience preterm birth (delivering the baby earlier than 37 weeks).140 In addition to heightened health risks from COVID–19, pregnant individuals may have experienced significant changes to their prenatal care during the pandemic 141 or may also have experienced increased mental health challenges, including high levels of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and post-traumatic stress during the pandemic.142 Home visiting services provided to families, particularly new mothers and newborns, feature regular home visits from trained nurses, social workers, and/or counselors who provide health care, mental health resources, positive parenting support, support in making personal health decisions, and awareness of other potentially helpful services. These functions have become even more essential at mitigating negative factors associated with the pandemic. Home visits give professionals a chance to flag potential domestic violence, which has risen worldwide over the course of the pandemic.143 Racial health disparities can also be driven down by home visits. For example, Black women are more likely to avoid hospitals during the pandemic, and home visitors can help either assuage concerns around hospitals or give effective advice for alternative methods of childbirth.144 Given the disproportionate effect of the pandemic on people of color, home visits are an essential equity tool that tackle major negative effects of the pandemic. These are just a few selections from the evidence that suggests many home visiting models can have a positive effect on maternal physical and mental health.145 Treasury Response: Home Visiting: Given the widespread impact of COVID–19 on pregnant and recently pregnant individuals, Treasury is re- categorizing home visiting services as an eligible use for impacted communities, not just disproportionately impacted communities. Under the final rule, these eligible uses are available to impacted households or classes of households. Public Comment: Child Welfare: While the interim final rule noted that certain types of assistance, particularly around child development and parenting, were eligible for child welfare-involved families, Treasury has received some recipient questions asking whether financial, educational, housing, or other supports and services are eligible uses for foster youth, including those aging out of the system, and child welfare-involved families. Other commenters asked about whether funding for kinship care would be eligible. Background: Child Welfare: The COVID–19 pandemic placed meaningful strain on the child welfare and foster care system. Court hearings were delayed,146 essential mental health care was shifted to a virtual environment, and attendance and performance in school among foster children dropped sharply.147 Additionally, there was a nationwide rise of new children entering the foster care system and many states placed temporary moratoria on children aging out of the foster care system.148 As these temporary moratoria expire, additional support will be needed to assist children exiting the system. Additionally, financial and material hardship are causal factors in the increase of new children entering the foster care system, whether through loss of a caregiver, domestic violence,149 or other associated costs of the pandemic. Therefore, support to decrease these hardships will support families and increase positive outcomes for youth VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4365 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 150 Verlenden JV, Pampati S, Rasberry CN, et al. Association of Children’s Mode of School Instruction with Child and Parent Experiences and Well-Being During the COVID–19 Pandemic— COVID Experiences Survey, United States, October 8–November 13, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:369–376. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.15585/mmwr.mm7011a1external icon. 151 U.S. Department of Education, Strategies for Using American Rescue Plan Funding to Address the Impact of Lost Instructional Time, August 2021. Retrieved from https://www2.ed.gov/documents/ coronavirus/lost-instructional-time.pdf. 152 Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, Housing insecurity and the COVID–19 pandemic Continued and families that may otherwise become involved in the child welfare system. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is clarifying that services to foster youth, including those aging out of the system, and child welfare- involved families may encompass a wide array of financial, educational, child development, or health supports, or other supports necessary, including supports for kinship care. 9. Addressing the impacts of lost instructional time. Public Comment: The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use to address educational disparities in disproportionately impacted communities, recognizing that underserved students have been more severely impacted by the pandemic and including responsive services for early learning, enhance funding to high- poverty districts, and providing evidence-based services to address the academic, social, emotional, and mental health needs of students. Some commenters expressed concerns that learning loss or the negative impacts of lost instructional time due to school closures or remote education during the pandemic had affected a significant share of students in grades kindergarten through twelve (K–12), including students who may not fall within a disproportionally impacted group. Background: The COVID–19 pandemic resulted in the widespread closure of schools across the nation. While many schools and districts reopened to in-person instruction or implemented remote learning, the shift was not immediate or without consequence. Children who received virtual only or combined remote and in- person instruction were more likely to report experiencing negative mental- and physical health outcomes than children who received in-person instruction.150 Treasury Response: Under the final rule, addressing the impact of lost instructional time and/or learning loss is an enumerated eligible use for impacted households. When providing services to address lost instructional time, recipients may presume that any K–12 student who lost access to in- person instruction for a significant period of time has been impacted by the pandemic and is thus eligible for responsive services. Interventions or services that address the impact of lost instructional time may include offering high-quality tutoring and other extended learning opportunities, providing differentiated instruction, implementing activities to meet the comprehensive needs of students, expanding and improving language access for parents and families, providing information and assistance to parents and families on how they can effectively support students, including in a distance learning environment, improving student engagement in distance education, and administering and using high-quality assessments to assess students’ academic progress, among others. In designing services under this eligible use, recipients may wish to reference guidance from the Department of Education on strategies for addressing lost instructional time.151 The final rule also maintains a separate enumerated eligible use for addressing educational disparities in disproportionately impacted communities. This eligible use includes services to address disparities in educational outcomes that predate the pandemic and amplified its impact on underserved students; these include, for example, enhanced funding to high- poverty districts and providing evidence-based services to address the academic, social, emotional, and mental health needs of students. Finally, as described in the section Public Health, recipients can provide a broad range of behavioral health services, including services for children and youth in schools, to respond to the impacts of the pandemic on mental health and other behavioral health issues. When providing behavioral health services, recipients may presume that the general public was impacted by the pandemic and provide behavioral health services to members of the general public, including children and youth in schools, without any further analysis of impacts of the pandemic on those individuals and whether the service is responsive. 10. Promoting long-term housing security: affordable housing and homelessness. Under the interim final rule, recipients may use SLFRF funds to provide a set of housing services to communities that have been disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Specifically, the interim final rule provided that programs or services that address housing insecurity, lack of affordable housing, or homelessness, were responsive to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic when provided to disproportionately impacted households and communities. The enumerated uses included supportive housing or other programs or services to improve access to stable, affordable housing among individuals who are homeless and development of affordable housing to increase supply of affordable and high-quality living units. Many recipients have already announced plans to use SLFRF funds for affordable housing interventions in all of these categories. Treasury received many comments asking for additional clarity or flexibility in these uses. As detailed below, based on multiple public comments and questions and Treasury’s subsequent analysis, Treasury has determined that supportive housing or other programs or services to improve access to stable, affordable housing among individuals who are homeless, and the development of affordable housing to increase supply of affordable and high-quality living units are responsive to the needs of impacted populations, not only disproportionately impacted populations. This final rule reflects this clarification and builds on the objectives stated in the interim final rule to improve access to stable, affordable housing, including through interventions that increase the supply of affordable and high-quality living units, improve housing security, and support durable and sustainable homeownership. Finally, note that ‘‘emergency housing assistance,’’ or assistance for responses to the immediate negative economic impacts of the pandemic through services like financial assistance for rental arrears or mortgage payments, is also an eligible use category for assistance to households under the final rule; see the eligible use for ‘‘emergency housing assistance’’ above. The provision of housing vouchers and assistance relocating to neighborhoods with higher levels of economic opportunity remains an eligible use under assistance to disproportionately impacted households; for discussion, see the eligible use for ‘‘housing vouchers and assistance relocating’’ below. Background: Affordable Housing: It is clear that the ongoing pandemic and resulting economic crisis are having a profound, long-term negative effect on the pre-existing affordable housing crisis facing low-income households.152 VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4366 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations (March 2020), https://files.consumerfinance.gov/f/ documents/cfpb_Housing_insecurity_and_the_ COVID-19_pandemic.pdf. 153 Joint Center For Housing Studies Of Harvard University, The State of the Nation’s Housing (June 2021), https://www.jchs.harvard.edu/sites/default/ files/reports/files/Harvard_JCHS_State_Nations_ Housing_2021.pdf. 154 Davin Reed and Eileen Divringi, Household Rental Debt During COVID–19: Update for 2021, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia (2020), available at: https://www.philadelphiafed.org/ community-development/housing-and- neighborhoods/household-rental-debt-during-covid- 19-update-for-2021. Further, some research suggests that liquidity may be a more important predictor of default than other factors, including income or equity. See Trading Equity for Liquidity (June 2019), available at https://www.jpmorganchase. com/content/dam/jpmc/jpmorgan-chase-and-co/ institute/pdf/institute-trading-equity-for- liquidity.pdf. The combination of a large number of higher-income households who have weathered the pandemic without significant income losses, low interest rates, and housing supply constraints exacerbated by the pandemic, have driven a sharp increase in the sale price of homes.153 Meanwhile, many low- income renters and homeowners are struggling with lost employment and income and are behind on their housing payments.154 Public Comment: Affordable Housing Outside of Low-Income Geographies: A major theme in comments was that affordable housing interventions, especially development of affordable housing, should be allowed outside of QCTs, as concentrating the supply of affordable housing in low-income geographies can have the effect of increasing both concentrated poverty and racial and economic segregation, while locking lower-income households in need of housing support out of high- opportunity neighborhoods with access to employment and amenities. Treasury Response: Affordable Housing Outside Low-Income Geographies: As previously stated, affordable housing is not confined to low-income geographies under the interim final rule. As discussed elsewhere, the interim final rule presumed that QCTs, as well as communities served by Tribal governments, were disproportionately impacted for administrative convenience, but recipients may identify other populations, households, or geographic areas with disparate impacts of COVID–19 and provide affordable housing services to them. For example, under the interim final rule, a city could determine that its low- income residents faced disproportionate impacts of COVID–19 and develop affordable housing targeted to these households. Such a scenario could include, for example, affordable projects in higher-income neighborhoods that would allow residents to live closer to jobs and well-resourced schools. Additionally, as noted above, Treasury is finalizing the rule with some changes to the treatment of affordable housing development designed to clarify that permanent supportive housing or other programs or services to improve access to stable, affordable housing among individuals who are homeless, and the development of affordable housing to increase supply of affordable and high-quality living units, are responsive to individuals and households that were impacted by the pandemic in addition to those that were disproportionately impacted. This shift is in line with commenters’ recommendations and consistent with the facts described above, which demonstrate that lack of supply of affordable housing units contributed to the pandemic’s impact on housing insecurity and unsustainable housing cost burdens and that these impacts were experienced broadly across the country. Public Comment: Eligible Activities: Many commenters asked for clarity on what types of activities (e.g., land acquisition, construction, pre- construction costs, operating costs, etc.) are eligible uses of SLFRF, and what affordability criteria must be applied to affordable housing development. Commenters encouraged Treasury to allow the full array of affordable housing activities, including particular requests for broad flexibility for Tribal communities, and to specify that ‘‘development’’ should include construction, preservation, rehabilitation, and operation. Other commenters requested clarification about permissible program administration approaches for affordable housing, such as contracting methods and distribution of funds. Some commenters asked that Treasury require SLFRF funds to be focused on the lowest-income households, who suffer the most severe rent burdens and risks of housing instability, and whose housing situation has left them particularly vulnerable to COVID–19. For example, one commenter argued that SLFRF funds should only be used to support affordable housing for households making 50 percent of AMI or less and that recipients should be required to set aside significant portions of any developments for renters making 30 percent of AMI or less and persons with physical and sensory disabilities. Other commenters requested a more flexible approach to affordable housing definitions. Treasury Response: Eligible Activities: The final rule clarifies eligibility of affordable housing development for recipients; these uses were eligible under the interim final rule, but Treasury is providing further guidance to enhance clarity and respond to recipient and commenter questions. As with all interventions to address the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, affordable housing projects must be responsive and proportional to the harm identified. This test may be met by affordable housing development projects—which may involve large expenditures and capital investments— if the developments increase the supply of long-term affordable housing for low- income households. While there may be less costly (or non-capital) alternatives to affordable housing development, a comprehensive response to the widespread housing challenges underscored by the pandemic will require the production of additional affordable homes, and targeted affordable housing development is a cost-effective and proportional response to this need. For purposes of this test, Treasury will presume that any projects that would be eligible for funding under either the National Housing Trust Fund (HTF) or the Home Investment Partnerships Program (HOME) are eligible uses of SLFRF funds. Note that these programs use different income limits than the definition of low- and moderate-income adopted by Treasury. Given the severity of the affordable housing shortage, and the ways in which the pandemic has exacerbated the need for affordable, high-quality dwelling units, Treasury has determined that the households served by these federal housing programs have been impacted by the pandemic and its negative economic impacts and that development of affordable housing consistent with these programs is a related and reasonably proportional response to those impacts. Additionally, affordable housing projects provided by a Tribal government are eligible uses of SLFRF if they would be eligible for funding under the Indian Housing Block Grant program, the Indian Community Development Block Grant program, or the Bureau of Indian Affairs Housing Improvement Program. Alignment with these programs, which define ‘‘affordable housing’’ in a manner consistent with a proportionate response to the affordable housing challenges faced by low- and moderate- income households as a result of the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, is intended to give recipients comfort and clarity as they design a VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4367 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 155 Stefan Pichler, Katherine Wen, and Nicolas R. Ziebarth, COVID–19 Emergency Sick Leave Has Helped Flatten The Curve In The United States: Study examines the impact of emergency sick leave on the spread of COVID–19, Health Affairs 39, no. 12 (2020): 2197–2204, https://www.health affairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.2020.00863. 156 Scott Brown et al., Employee and Worksite Perspectives of the Family and Medical Leave Act: Results from the 2018 Surveys, Abt Associates (July 2020), https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ OASP/evaluation/pdf/WHD_FMLA2018Survey Results_FinalReport_Aug2020.pdf. 157 Id. 158 Ann P. Bartel et al., Racial and ethnic disparities in access to and use of paid family and medical leave: evidence from four nationally representative datasets, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) (January 2019), https://www.bls.gov/ opub/mlr/2019/article/racial-and-ethnic- disparities-in-access-to-and-use-of-paid-family- andmedical-leave.htm. Continued wide variety of affordable housing interventions, including production, rehabilitation, and preservation of affordable rental housing and, in some cases, affordable homeownership units. These programs allow the financing of a wide range of affordable housing activities and set clear eligibility criteria that many recipients are already familiar with. Finally, to further support sustainable and durable homeownership, recipients may consider offering down payment assistance, such as through contributions to a homeowner’s equity at origination or that establish a post- closing, mortgage reserve account on behalf of the borrower that may be utilized to make a missed or partial mortgage payment at any point during the life of the loan (e.g., if the borrower faces financial stress). Homeownership assistance that would be eligible under the Community Development Block Grant (at 24 CFR 507.201(n)) is also an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Public Comment: Permanent Supportive Housing: Treasury has received comments encouraging the use of SLFRF funds for permanent supportive housing. This is an eligible use under the interim final rule: Both the development of affordable housing (including operating subsidies) and wraparound services such as behavioral health services, employment services, and other supportive services, are eligible responses to the public health crisis or its negative economic impacts. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the eligibility of permanent supportive housing as an enumerated use. Treasury is also clarifying that other affordable housing developments targeted to specialized populations are also eligible, for example recovery housing for individuals in recovery from substance use. Public Comment: Operating Expenses: Commenters specifically asked that Treasury allow the use of SLFRF funds for operating expenses of affordable housing units, as operating subsidies are typically required to reach extremely low-income households, whose affordable rents may be lower than the ongoing cost of operating their unit. Treasury Response: Operating expenses for eligible affordable housing were an eligible use of funds under the interim final rule and the final rule maintains this treatment. This may include capitalized operating reserves. Rehabilitation and repair of public housing will also be considered an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Public Comment: Affordable Housing Loans and Revolving Loan Funds: Some commenters requested that loans with maturities beyond the period of performance or revolving loan funds that revolve beyond the period of performance be eligible uses of SLFRF funds if used for affordable housing. Some commenters pointed out that for- profit developers of low-income housing through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) may be deterred from accepting grants to bridge funding gaps in current LIHTC deals by the treatment of grants to for-profit entities in the calculation of eligible basis for the LIHTC. Treasury Response: The final rule does not change the treatment of loans from the interim final rule. For more details see section Treatment of Loans in Program Administration Provisions. Similarly, the final rule does not change the treatment of grants to support affordable housing development, including developments supported by the LIHTC: such grants are an eligible use of funds. Additional enumerated eligible uses for assistance to impacted households. As noted above, the interim final rule posed a question on what other types of services or costs Treasury should consider as eligible uses to respond to the negative economic impacts of COVID–19. In response, commenters proposed a wide variety of additional recommended enumerated eligible uses to assist households, ranging from general categories of services (e.g., legal and social services) to services that respond to needs widely experienced across the country (e.g., access to and affordability of health insurance) to services that are most applicable to the particularized needs of certain populations or geographic areas of the United States (e.g., senior citizens, SNAP recipients, immigrants, formerly- incarcerated individuals, responding to environmental issues in certain geographic regions). Other commenters generally requested a high degree of flexibility to respond to the particular needs of their communities. Treasury Response: Given the large number and diversity of SLFRF recipients, Treasury’s approach to assistance to households in the final rule aims to clarify additional enumerated eligible uses that respond to negative economic impacts of the pandemic experienced widely in many jurisdictions across the country, making it clear and simple for recipients to pursue these enumerated eligible uses under the final rule. In the final rule, Treasury is clarifying several additional uses, which generally respond to pandemic impacts experienced broadly across jurisdictions and populations, are eligible under the interim final rule as assistance to households and continue to be so under the final rule, as outlined below. 11. Paid sick, medical, or family leave. Public Comment: Some commenters argued that the pandemic increased the need for paid sick or medical leave, as staying home when ill is recommended by the CDC to prevent spread of the virus but lack of access to paid sick leave often prevents workers from staying home. Other commenters recommended paid family leave as an eligible use, arguing that shortages in access to childcare or home health assistance, as well as school closures, may increase the need for family members to serve as caretakers. Background: The COVID–19 pandemic highlighted the importance of paid leave as well as the number of workers who do not have access to paid sick and/or family leave. When workers have access to paid leave, they are less likely to report to work sick, and therefore less likely to spread illnesses in the workplace: One study demonstrates that the emergency sick leave provision of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA) reduced the spread of COVID–19.155 The lack of paid leave exacerbates financial hardships experienced as a result of the public health emergency. A 2018 survey by the Department of Labor found that two-thirds of employees that took unpaid or partial-paid leave experienced financial hardship.156 Furthermore, because the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) excludes small employers, part-time workers, and workers who have been with their employer for less than a year, 44 percent of workers do not have access to even unpaid leave.157 Workers of color and workers with lower incomes are less likely to have access to paid leave.158 159 VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4368 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 159 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employee Benefits in the United States (March 2019), https:// www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits/2019/ownership/ civilian/table31a.pdf. 160 Maya Rossin-Slater et al., Local exposure to school shootings and youth antidepressant use, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol 117(38), pages 23484–23489 (2020), https:// www.pnas.org/content/117/38/23484; Ariel Marek Pihl and Gaetano Basso, Did California Paid Family Leave Impact Infant Health?, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, https://onlinelibrary. wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pam.2210. 161 J.C. Jacobs, A. Laporte, C.H. Van Houtven, P.C. Coyte, Caregiving intensity and retirement status in Canada. Social Science & Medicine, 102, 74–82 (2014), https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ article/abs/pii/S0277953613006631. 162 E. Lightfoot, R.P. Moone, Caregiving in times of uncertainty: Helping adult children of aging parents find support during the COVID–19 outbreak, Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 63(6–7), 542–552 (2020), https://www.tandfon line.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01634372.2020.1769793. 163 Note: ‘‘Caregiving intensity’’ is defined as the amount and type of care provided by informal caregivers; ‘‘Caregiving burden’’ is defined as the impacts on physical and mental health, and health- related quality of life of informal caregivers. 164 SA Cohen, ZJ Kunicki, MM Drohan, ML Greaney, Exploring Changes in Caregiver Burden and Caregiving Intensity due to COVID–19, Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine (January 2021), doi:10.1177/2333721421999279. 165 Id. 166 Jennifer Tolbert et al., Key Facts about the Uninsured Population, Kaiser Family Foundation (November 6, 2020), https://www.kff.org/uninsured/ issue-brief/key-facts-about-the-uninsured- population/. 167 Joshua Aarons et. al., As the COVID–19 Recession Extended into the Summer of 2020, More Than 3 Million Adults Lost Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Coverage and 2 Million Became Uninsured, Urban Institute (September 18, 2020), https://www.urban.org/research/publication/covid- 19-recession-extended-summer-2020-more-3- million-adults-lost-employer-sponsored-health- insurance-coverage-and-2-million-became- uninsured. 168 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Medicaid and CHIP Enrollment Trends Snapshot through September 2020 (Washington: 2021), available at https://www.medicaid.gov/sites/ default/files/2021-01/september-medicaid-chip- enrollment-trend-snapshot.pdf. 169 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2021 Federal Health Insurance Exchange Weekly Enrollment Snapshot: Final Snapshot (January 12, 2021) available at https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/ fact-sheets/2021-federal-health-insurance- exchange-weekly-enrollment-snapshot-final- snapshot. 170 Sara R. Collins, Munira Z. Gunja, and Gabriella N. Aboulafia, U.S. Health Insurance Coverage in 2020: A Looming Crisis in Affordability (New York: Commonwealth Fund, 2020), available at https://www.commonwealthfund.org/ publications/issue-briefs/2020/aug/looming-crisis- health-coverage-2020-biennial. 171 Id. 172 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households (2015), https://www.fdic.gov/household survey/2015/2015execsumm.pdf. 173 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, How America Banks: Household Use of Banking and Financial Services 2019 FDIC Survey, https:// www.fdic.gov/analysis/household-survey/ 2019report.pdf. For workers that are also caregivers for children, seniors, or other family members, there may be a similar need for—and benefits of—paid family leave. For example, some workers may have struggled during the pandemic to balance caring for children, as schools and daycares closed, and working. For new parents, paid parental leave results in fewer infant hospitalizations, lowering parental stress, increasing parental involvement, and improving the overall health of parent and child.160 COVID–19 has also increased the levels of ‘‘caregiving intensity’’161 and ‘‘caregiving burden’’162 for those providing care to seniors or older family members.163 164 When surveyed, more than half of caregivers reported that COVID–19 increased both the amount of caregiving responsibilities they had as well as the negative physical and mental impacts their caregiving responsibilities had on themselves.165 Treasury Response: Treasury agrees that these constitute impacts of the pandemic, and accordingly, under the final rule, creating, expanding, or financially supporting paid sick, medical, or family leave programs is an enumerated eligible use of funds to respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. 12. Health insurance. Public Comment: Several commenters recommended that uses of funds to expand access to health insurance be enumerated eligible uses; commenters believed that the heightened risk of illness or hospitalization due to COVID– 19 had increased the negative economic impacts of lacking health insurance. Background: In 2019, prior to the pandemic, it was estimated that 11 percent of nonelderly adults lacked health insurance.166 By mid-2020, job loss had resulted in an estimated 3.3 million people losing their employer sponsored insurance, resulting in an additional 2 million uninsured adults.167 Participation in Medicaid, the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace played an important role in minimizing the number of people who completely lost health insurance during the early phases of the pandemic; Medicaid and CHIP enrollment increased by 9 percent from February to September 2020 168 and 8.3 million people enrolled in insurance through the ACA marketplace.169 Although the ACA, CHIP, and Medicaid have significantly reduced the number of uninsured Americans through the pandemic and the economic downturn, adequate coverage and affordability still remains an issue for many. In 2020, 21 percent of working- age adults were inadequately insured, meaning even if they had insurance, they incurred a significant amount of out-of-pocket costs.170 Additionally, 37 percent of adults reported struggling with medical bills or medical debt and 71 percent of adults who did not purchase insurance cited affordability as the main factor.171 Treasury Response: Treasury agrees that loss of health insurance, increased financial risk from lacking health insurance, or excessive out-of-pocket healthcare costs constitute negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Under the final rule, programs or services to expand access to health insurance coverage are an enumerated eligible use as assistance to households, for example, subsidies for health insurance premiums or expansion of a recipient’s health insurance plan to cover additional employees who currently lack coverage. 13. Services for the unbanked and underbanked. Public Comment: One commenter expressed support for the inclusion of services to increase banking access as an allowable expense under SLFRF. The commenter recommended that states be encouraged to offer opportunities for consumers to open safe and affordable accounts capable of receiving direct payments. The commenter emphasized that allowing unbanked and underbanked households to receive funds securely through no-fee, direct deposit will help connect or reconnect consumers to the mainstream financial system. Background: Banking inequities can make it difficult for unbanked or underbanked households to access housing, jobs, and other important economic opportunities. Being unbanked or underbanked can also make it challenging for households to apply for and receive financial assistance, including services like pandemic emergency housing assistance. Safe, affordable, and accessible financial services play a critical role in assisting households in the United States in managing income volatility and cash flow shortages.172 Currently, over 5 percent of families, or 7 million households are ‘‘unbanked,’’ meaning they do not have a bank account.173 Low-income households, non-white households, and households with individuals with disabilities were even more likely to be unbanked. In 2019, 16 percent of Native American households, 14 percent of Black households, and 12 percent of Hispanic households were unbanked, compared to 2.5 percent of white households. Additionally, VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4369 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 174 Board of the Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in 2018–May 2019, https://www.federal reserve.gov/publications/2019-economic-well-being- of-us-households-in-2018-banking-and-credit.htm. 175 Zaheer Allam, The Forceful Reevaluation of Cash-Based Transactions by COVID–19 and Its Opportunities to Transition to Cashless Systems in Digital Urban Networks. Surveying the Covid-19 Pandemic and its Implications (2020): 107–117. doi:10.1016/B978–0–12–824313–8.00008–5. 176 Bureau of Labor Statistics, Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey: Concepts and Definitions, https://www.bls.gov/cps/ definitions.htm (last visited November 9, 2021). 177 Id. underbanked households—those that have a bank account but rely on alternative financial services, such as money orders, payday loans, and check cashing services— account for 16 percent of all households in the United States.174 As a result of the COVID–19 pandemic, new social distancing protocols have, in some instances, made it more difficult to perform financial transactions with paper instruments, like banknotes, coinage, paper checks, or money orders. Households constrained to these payment methods may face challenges receiving government assistance. Additionally, businesses have transitioned to cashless payments systems to promote contactless payments.175 As a result, unbanked individuals may face additional challenges conducting financial transactions. Treasury Response: Recognizing these challenges, Treasury is clarifying that recipients may use SLFRF funds to provide financial services that facilitate the delivery of federal, state, or local benefits (e.g., Child Tax Credit, Earned Income Tax Credit, tax refunds, or emergency housing or food assistance funds). The following includes a non- exhaustive list of uses to provide financial services to unbanked and underbanked households: •Provide low or no cost financial services, including in conjunction with administration of benefits, such as pre- paid debit cards, e.g., via Economic Impact Payment or General Purpose Reloadable pre-paid cards or for the development of public banking infrastructure that can support benefit delivery. •Provide transitional services to facilitate long-term access to banking and financial services. •Provide financial literacy programs and conduct community outreach and deploy engagement resources to increase awareness about low-cost, no- overdraft fee accounts, pilot new strategies and approaches that help overcome barriers to banking access and support the gathering and sharing of information in ways that improve equity, such as community meetings, partnerships with community-based organizations, online surveys, focus groups, human-centered design activities, and other community engagement activities. Assistance to Unemployed and Underemployed Workers The interim final rule included assistance to unemployed workers as an enumerated eligible use, including ‘‘services like job training to accelerate rehiring of unemployed workers.’’ Treasury provided further guidance, based on recipient questions after the interim final rule, that eligible uses under this section also include ‘‘other efforts to accelerate rehiring and thus reduce unemployment, such as childcare assistance, assistance with transportation to and from a jobsite or interview, and incentives for newly employed workers[,]’’ as well as assistance to unemployed workers seeking to start small businesses. Finally, further guidance also provided that ‘‘public jobs programs, subsidized employment, combined education and on-the-job training programs, or job training to accelerate rehiring or address negative economic or public health impacts experienced due to a worker’s occupation or level of training’’ are all enumerated eligible uses as assistance to unemployed or underemployed workers. The interim final rule defined eligible beneficiaries of assistance as ‘‘individuals who want and are available for work, including those who have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months or who are employed part time but who want and are available for full-time work.’’ This definition is based on definitions used by the Bureau of Labor Statistics to define individuals currently unemployed, as well as persons marginally attached to the labor force and working part-time for economic reasons.176 The latter two classifications are types of labor underutilization, or ‘‘underemployed’’ workers.177 Finally, the interim final rule specified that assistance to unemployed workers included both workers who lost their job during the pandemic and resulting recession and workers unemployed when the pandemic began who saw further deterioration of their economic prospects due to the pandemic. Public Comment: Commenters generally supported the inclusion of this enumerated eligible use. One commenter recommended including assistance for underemployed workers who took jobs due to the pandemic that did not fully utilize their skillset or did not provide the hours, wages, or job quality desired. Treasury has also received recipient questions on whether job fairs or grants to businesses to hire underserved workers are eligible uses under this category. Another commenter recommended flexibility in eligible workforce development programs, arguing that rural areas may face particular challenges. Treasury Response: Treasury is maintaining this eligible use in the final rule, including the enumerated eligible services in the interim final rule and subsequent guidance. Treasury is also confirming that job fairs or grants to businesses to hire underserved workers are eligible uses under this section. Treasury is also enumerating that job and workforce training centers are eligible capital expenditures, so long as they adhere to the standards and presumptions detailed in the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. The final rule maintains the definition of eligible beneficiaries, which is aligned with the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ definitions of unemployed workers and other labor underutilization, using a common, widely known definition that incorporates a broad group of individuals both unemployed or whose skills are otherwise underutilized in the labor market. In addition, recognizing that the pandemic has generated broad workforce disruption, in the final rule, Treasury is making clear that recipients may provide job training or other enumerated types of assistance to individuals that are currently employed but are seeking to move to a job that provides better opportunities for economic advancement, such as higher wages or more opportunities for career advancement. Recipient Unemployment Insurance Trust Funds and Related Expenses Under the interim final rule, a recipient may use funds to make deposits into its account of the Unemployment Trust Fund established under section 904 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1104) up to the level needed to restore the pre-pandemic balance of such account as of January 27, 2020 or to pay back advances received under Title XII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1321) for the payment of benefits between January 27, 2020 and May 17, 2021. These costs support the solvency of the unemployment insurance system and, ultimately, unemployment insurance benefits provided to unemployed VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4370 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 178 Note that, while the economic harm being addressed accrued before March 3, 2021, the cost incurred to address the harm occurs after March 3, 2021 and provides assistance to unemployed workers, an eligible use of SLFRF funds. 179 See, e.g., U.S. Department of the Treasury, More Information on the Conclusion of the Public Comment Period and the Interim Final Rule on the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/IFR- Explainer.pdf. workers during the pandemic.178 The interim final rule also posed the question of what, if any, conditions should be considered to ensure that funds used under this eligible use category repair economic impacts of the pandemic and strengthen unemployment insurance systems. Public Comment: Inclusion as an Eligible Use and Conditions: Commenters expressed mixed perspectives on this eligible use category. Some commenters supported its inclusion, arguing that unemployment insurance systems have faced significant costs to support unemployed workers during the pandemic and that this constitutes a negative economic impact that SLFRF funds should be able to address. Other commenters opposed this eligible use category, arguing that funds used under this category may not ultimately support unemployed workers. Some commenters noted that unemployment insurance taxes on businesses automatically increase when trust fund balances are low and suggested that permitting the deposit of funds into unemployment insurance trust funds prevents a tax increase on businesses, some of which may not have faced negative economic impacts from the pandemic, rather than providing assistance to unemployed workers. Other comments suggested that deposits are better thought of as savings for future needs than assistance to unemployed workers in the near term. Responding to the interim final rule’s question, several commenters suggested that, if Treasury maintains this eligible use, the final rule should require detailed reporting on funds used under this category or place conditions on this category to increase the likelihood that funds ultimately support unemployed workers. For example, some commenters suggested that recipients that deposit SLFRF funds into their trust fund should be barred from cutting unemployment insurance benefits for workers during the period of performance or from erecting new barriers to accessing benefits (e.g., through the application process and ongoing requirements to receive benefits). One commenter, noting that unemployment insurance benefits often provide low rates of wage replacement and do not cover some types of unemployed workers, argued that recipients should not be permitted to deposit funds into the trust fund unless the recipient concurrently expands benefits. Finally, one commenter suggested a cap on the amount of funds that can be used for this purpose. Treasury Response: Inclusion as an Eligible Use and Conditions: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining the inclusion of this eligible use category. Because unemployment insurance trust funds directly fund benefits to unemployed workers, maintaining the solvency of the trust fund is critical to the continued provision of assistance to unemployed workers. Further, funds deposited into the trust fund must be used as assistance to unemployed workers, an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Finally, while, in the absence of the SLFRF, trust fund deposits would likely be funded through increases on employer payroll taxes, the eligibility of uses of SLFRF funds does not depend on how obligations would otherwise be satisfied if the SLFRF were not available for this use. While deposits to unemployment insurance trust funds generally serve as assistance to unemployed workers, recipients that make deposits but also cut unemployment insurance benefits to workers substantially decrease the likelihood that the deposited funds will assist unemployed workers. In other words, SLFRF funds deposited into an unemployment insurance trust fund generally serve as assistance to unemployed workers, unless recipients take policy actions that substantially decrease the extent to which SLFRF funds would flow to unemployed workers. As such, through December 31, 2024, recipients that deposit SLFRF funds into an unemployment insurance trust fund or use SLFRF funds to repay principal on Title XII advances, may not take action to reduce benefits available to unemployed workers by changing the computation method governing regular unemployment compensation in a way that results in a reduction of average weekly benefit amounts or the number of weeks of benefits payable (i.e., the maximum benefit entitlement). Finally, until the final rule becomes effective on April 1, 2022, the interim final rule remains binding and effective.179 These requirements were not in effect under the interim final rule and do not apply to funds used (i.e., obligated or expended) under the interim final rule while it is in effect. In addition, recognizing that some recipients have taken significant steps toward making a trust fund deposit or repaying principal on Title XII advances under the interim final rule, such as the legislative appropriation of funds for this purpose, even if a formal obligation has not occurred, Treasury will exercise enforcement discretion to not pursue violations of this final rule provision (i.e., the requirement not to reduce benefits) for recipients that have appropriated funds for this purpose prior to the date of adoption of the final rule consistent with the laws and procedures in their jurisdiction. Recipients should refer to Treasury’s Statement Regarding Compliance with the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds Interim Final Rule and Final Rule, which provides additional detail on these issues. Public Comment and Treasury Response: Technical Corrections and Amendments: Following the interim final rule, Treasury received recipient questions on whether paying interest on advances received under Title XII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1321) is an eligible use of SLFRF funds; Treasury is clarifying that such use is permissible, consistent with Treasury’s treatment of the eligibility of interest on Title XII advances under the Coronavirus Relief Fund. Treasury is further clarifying that recipients may only use SLFRF funds for contributions to unemployment insurance trust funds and repayment of the principal amount due on advances received under Title XII of the Social Security Act up to an amount equal to (i) the difference between the balance in the recipient’s unemployment insurance trust fund as of January 27, 2020 and the balance of such account as of May 17, 2021, plus (ii) the principal amount outstanding as of May 17, 2021 on any advances received under Title XII of the Social Security Act between January 27, 2020 and May 17, 2021. Further, recipients may use SLFRF funds for the payment of any interest due on such Title XII advances. In other words, excluding interest due on Title XII advances, the magnitude of the decrease of the balance in the unemployment insurance trust fund plus the principal outstanding on any Title XII borrowings made from the beginning of the public health emergency to the date of publication of the SLFRF interim final rule sets a cap on the amount of SLFRF funds a recipient may use for trust fund contributions and repayment of principal on Title XII advances. Further, a recipient that deposits SLFRF funds into its unemployment insurance trust fund to fully restore the pre-pandemic balance may not draw down that VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4371 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 180 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, COVID–19 and Economic Opportunity: Inequities in the Employment Crisis, April 2021. Retrieved from https://aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/ files/migrated_legacy_files//199901/covid- economic-equity-brief.pdf. 181 Adelle Simmons et al., Health disparities by race and ethnicity during the COVID–19 pandemic: Current evidence and policy approaches. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services https:// aspe.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/migrated_legacy_ files//199516/covid-equity-issue-brief.pdf. 182 Perry, Brea L., Brian Aronson, and Bernice A. Pescosolido, Pandemic precarity: COVID–19 is exposing and exacerbating inequalities in the American heartland, National Academy of Sciences (Febuary 2021), https://www.pnas.org/content/118/ 8/e2020685118. 183 Id. 184 Jesse Bennet & Rakesh Kochhar, Two Recessions, Two Recoveries, Pew Research Center (December 13, 2019), https://www.pewresearch.org/ social-trends/2019/12/13/two-recessions-two- recoveries-2/. 185 Darrick Hamilton et al., Building an Equitable Recovery: The role of Race, Labor Markets, and Education, The New School’s Institute on Race and Political Economy (February 2021). 186 Adhikari S, Pantaleo NP, Feldman JM, Ogedegbe O, Thorpe L, Troxel AB. Assessment of Community-Level Disparities in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID–19) Infections and Deaths in Large US Metropolitan Areas. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(7):e2016938. doi:10.1001/ jamanetworkopen.2020.16938. balance and deposit more SLFRF funds, back up to the pre-pandemic balance. Enumerated Eligible Uses for Disproportionately Impacted Households Background The COVID–19 pandemic has had disproportionally negative impacts on many households and communities that were already experiencing inequality related to race, gender, age, or income before the pandemic. People of color, low-income workers, and women disproportionately lost their jobs during the COVID–19 pandemic and experienced disproportionate rates of negative health outcomes.180 181 These disproportionate negative impacts experienced by systemically underserved communities are not novel to the COVID–19 pandemic and the economic downturn. Research shows that historically underserved communities that are experiencing economic and social disparities typically experience disproportionate impacts of economic downturns and natural disasters.182 This pattern held true for the effects of COVID–19 and the economic downturn: Historically undeserved groups experienced amplified negative impacts, further widening inequality.183 Many communities facing systemic barriers had not yet recovered from the impact of the Great Recession before experiencing the impacts of COVID–19 and the economic downturn. For example, in 2009, at the end of the Great Recession, households without a high school diploma had an average annual income of $32,300 (measured in 2018 dollars). By 2018, nine years into the economic recovery, those same households saw their average income increase by $600. During that same time period, households with a bachelor’s degree saw an increase in their average household income of $6,100 (measured in 2018 dollars).184 The impact pre-existing inequalities have on a household or community’s ability to recover is intersectional. Research shows that pre-existing racial and gender disparities exacerbated the disproportionate economic and health impact COVID–19 and the economic downturn had on workers of color, and specifically, women of color.185 Another study found that during the first six months of the pandemic counties that were both high-poverty and majority non-white experienced COVID–19 infection rates eight times higher than high-poverty, majority white counties.186 Many residents in these communities are still coping with the negative health and economic impacts. Summary of the Interim Final Rule and Final Rule Structure As described previously, the interim final rule provided a broader list of enumerated eligible uses to respond to the pandemic in disproportionately impacted communities, in recognition that pre-existing health, economic, and social disparities contributed to disproportionate pandemic impacts in certain communities and that addressing the root causes of those disparities constitutes responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. The interim final rule described eligible uses in disproportionately impacted communities in four categories, spread across public health and negative economic impacts: (1) Addressing disparities in public health outcomes, (2) building stronger communities through investments in housing and neighborhoods, (3) addressing educational disparities, and (4) promoting healthy childhood environments. As described above, Treasury has moved eligible uses related to community violence intervention, assistance accessing or applying to public benefits and services, affordable housing development, healthy childhood environments, and addressing lost instructional time in K– 12 schools into the category ‘‘assistance to impacted households,’’ recognizing that these pandemic impacts were widely shared across the country. This section discusses enumerated eligible uses to address health disparities, to build stronger communities through investments in neighborhoods, to address educational disparities, to provide rental assistance vouchers or assistance relocating to areas of greater economic opportunity, and additional eligible uses to respond to negative economic impacts in disproportionately impacted communities. While many of these services impact both health and economic outcomes, Treasury has consolidated them into a single section for simplicity and clarity and to reflect the intertwined nature of these issues. As a reminder, recipients can presume these uses are eligible when provided in a QCT, to families and individuals living in QCTs, by Tribal or territorial governments, or to low- income households or communities. As provided in section Standards: Designating Other Disproportionately Impacted Classes, recipients can also provide these services to other populations, households, or geographic areas disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Recipients may also identify additional disproportionate impacts of the pandemic and design an appropriate response to address that harm. For details on eligibility standards and presumed eligible populations, see section General Provisions: Structure and Standards. Enumerated Eligible Uses for Disproportionately Impacted Households 1. Addressing health disparities. Public Comment: General: In general, commenters supported eligible uses to address health disparities and support health equity; several commenters highlighted the disparities faced by communities of color and low-income populations, as well as the importance of community engagement in developing effective programs to serve disproportionately impacted communities. Many commenters recommended additional enumerated eligible uses to address health disparities; these are discussed further below in this section. Treasury Response: In line with commenters’ recommendations, the final rule maintains several enumerated eligible uses to address health disparities, specifically: a. Community health workers. Treasury received few comments on community health workers, though one VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4372 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 187 See, e.g., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Community Health Worker (CHW) Toolkit, https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/pubs/toolkits/ chw-toolkit.htm (last visited November 9, 2021). 188 Environmental Protection Agency, 40 CFR 141.80(c)(1), https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/ chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-141/subpart-I/section- 141.80. 189 See, e.g., Opportunity Insights, Creating Moves To Opportunity (August 2019), https:// opportunityinsights.org/policy/cmto/. 190 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Neighborhood and Built Environment, https://health.gov/healthypeople/objectives-and- data/browse-objectives/neighborhood-and-built- environment#cit1 (last visited November 9, 2021). 191 Social determinants of health are ‘‘the conditions in the places where people live, learn, work, and play that affect a wide range of health risks and outcomes.’’ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, About Social Determinants of Health (SDOH), https://www.cdc.gov/social determinants/about.html (last visited November 9, 2021). 192 In public health, this is referred to as ‘‘built environment,’’ or the man-made physical aspects of a community (e.g., homes, buildings, streets, open spaces, and infrastructure). requested further clarification on their role.187 Treasury is maintaining this eligible use in the final rule. b. Remediation of lead paint or other lead hazards. The interim final rule included remediation of lead paint or other lead hazards as an enumerated eligible use to address health disparities. Public Comment: Treasury received several comments asking for clarification on the eligibility of a particular use that would indirectly address lead pollution. For example, a commenter requested the ability to fund remedial actions, such as filtration and plumbing procedures to help address lead pollution. One commenter requested that private wells be eligible for funding to address contamination with substances such as lead. Other commenters requested that Treasury allow replacement of lead pipes as an eligible use of funds. Treasury Response: Recipients may make a broad range of water infrastructure investments under section 602(c)(1)(d) and 603(c)(1)(d), which can include lead service line replacement and other activities to identify and remediate lead in water. These uses are discussed in greater detail in section Water and Sewer Infrastructure of this Supplemental Information. Treasury has further determined that several of the services identified by commenters are appropriate responses to address health disparities in disproportionately impacted households. These services were eligible under the interim final rule and continue to be so under the final rule. These services include remediation to address lead-based public health risk factors, outside of lead in water, including evaluation and remediation of lead paint, dust, or soil hazards; testing for blood lead levels; public outreach and education; and emergency protection measures, like bottled water and water filters, in areas with an action level exceedance for lead in water in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency’s Lead and Copper Rule.188 Further, Treasury had determined that certain capital expenditures, including improvements to existing facilities to remediate lead contaminants (e.g., removal of lead paint), are eligible responses, although this does not include construction of new facilities for the purpose of lead remediation. Recipients should make sure that all capital expenditures adhere to the standards and presumptions detailed in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. c. Medical facilities. Treasury received a few comments from recipients seeking to use SLFRF funds to build new medical facilities, such as hospitals or public health clinics, to serve disproportionately impacted communities. Given the central role of access to high-quality medical care in reducing health disparities and addressing the root causes that led to disproportionate impact COVID–19 health impacts in certain communities, the final rule recognizes that medical equipment and facilities designed to address disparities in public health outcomes are eligible capital expenditures. This includes primary care clinics, hospitals, or integrations of health services into other settings. Recipients should make sure that all capital expenditures adhere to the standards and presumptions detailed in section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. 2. Housing vouchers and assistance relocating. In addition to other housing services, the interim final rule permitted a variety of rental assistance approaches to support low-income households in securing stable, long-term housing, including housing vouchers, residential counseling, or housing navigation assistance to facilitate household moves to neighborhoods with high levels of economic opportunity and mobility for low-income residents. Examples could include SLFRF-funded analogues to Section 8 Housing Choice vouchers; other kinds of rent subsidies, including shallow subsidies; and programs to help residents move to areas with higher levels of economic mobility.189 Treasury did not receive public comments on these enumerated eligible uses. Treasury Response: Treasury maintains the eligibility of vouchers and relocation assistance in the final rule. 3. Building strong, healthy communities through investments in neighborhoods. While the interim final rule included a category of enumerated eligible uses for ‘‘building stronger communities through investments in housing and neighborhoods,’’ the examples of services provided generally focused on housing uses. In response to questions following release of the interim final rule, Treasury issued further guidance clarifying that ‘‘investments in parks, public plazas, and other public outdoor recreation spaces may be responsive to the needs of disproportionately impacted communities by promoting healthier living environments.’’ Public Comment: General: A significant theme across many public comments was the importance of neighborhood environment to health and economic outcomes and the potential connections between residence in an underserved neighborhood and disproportionate impacts from the pandemic. Many commenters highlighted the connection between neighborhoods and health outcomes, including citing public health research linking neighborhood traits to health outcomes. For example, the CDC states that ‘‘neighborhoods people live in have a major impact on their health and well-being.’’190 As such, CDC identifies ‘‘neighborhoods and built environment’’ as one of five key social determinants of health 191 and includes ‘‘creat[ing] neighborhoods and environments that promote health and safety’’ as one of the agency’s goals for social determinants of health outcomes. a. Neighborhood features that promote improved health and safety outcomes. Public Comment: Commenters argued that neighborhoods impact physical health outcomes in several ways. First, some commenters reasoned that the physical environment and amenities in a community 192 influence a person’s level of physical activity, with features like parks, recreation facilities, and safe sidewalks promoting increased physical activity that improves health outcomes. Conversely, commenters argued that a lack of these features in a neighborhood could dampen physical activity and contribute to health conditions like obesity that are risk factors for more severe COVID–19 health outcomes. Second, some commenters also suggested that access to healthy food in a neighborhood impacts health outcomes. These commenters reasoned VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4373 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 193 J Beaulac, E Kristjansson, S Cummins, A systematic review of food deserts, 1966–2007, Prev Chronic Dis 2009;6(3):A105, http://www.cdc.gov/ pcd/issues/2009/jul/08_0163.htm. 194 See, e.g., Yijun Zhang et al. The Association between Green Space and Adolescents’ Mental Well-Being: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health vol. 17,18 6640 (Sep. 11 2020), doi:10.3390/ ijerph17186640; EC South, BC Hohl, MC Kondo, JM MacDonald, CC Branas, Effect of Greening Vacant Land on Mental Health of Community-Dwelling Adults: A Cluster Randomized Trial, JAMA Netw Open. 2018;1(3):e180298 (2018), available at: doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.0298. 195 See, e.g., Yanqing Xu, Cong Fu, Eugene Kennedy, Shanhe Jiang, Samuel Owusu-Agyemang, The impact of street lights on spatial-temporal patterns of crime in Detroit, Michigan, Cities, Volume 79, Pages 45–52, ISSN 0264–2751 (2018), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.02.021. 196 A. Chalfin, B. Hansen, J. Lerner et al., Reducing Crime Through Environmental Design: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment of Street Lighting in New York City, Journal of Quantitative Criminology (2021), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940- 020-09490-6. 197 See, e.g., American Public Health Association, Improving Health and Wellness through Access to Nature (November 5, 2013), https://www.apha.org/ policies-and-advocacy/public-health-policy- statements/policy-database/2014/07/08/09/18/ improving-health-and-wellness-through-access-to- nature. 198 LR Larson et al., Urban Park Use During the COVID–19 Pandemic: Are Socially Vulnerable Communities Disproportionately Impacted?, Front. Sustain. Cities 3:710243 (2021), https://doi.org/ 10.3389/frsc.2021.710243. 199 JP Despre´s, Severe COVID–19 outcomes—the role of physical activity. Nat Rev Endocrinol 17, 451–452 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574- 021-00521-1. 200 Caroline George and Adie Tomer, Beyond ‘food deserts’: America needs a new approach to mapping food, Brookings Institution (August 17, 2021), https://www.brookings.edu/research/beyond- food-deserts-america-needs-a-new-approach-to- mapping-food-insecurity/. 201 However, Treasury cautions recipients that general infrastructure development, including street or road construction, remains a generally ineligible use of funds under the final rule. Sidewalks and pedestrian safety should be the predominant component of uses of funds in this category. While projects may include ancillary construction needed to execute the predominant component, a project that predominantly involves street construction or repair to benefit vehicular traffic would be ineligible. that lacking adequate access to affordable, healthy food or living in a ‘‘food desert’’ may contribute to disparities in diet that influence health outcomes, including contributing to pre- existing conditions that increased risk for severe COVID–19 outcomes. These commenters cited public health research finding ‘‘clear evidence for disparities in food access in the United States by income and race.’’193 Some commenters also suggested that neighborhood environment is connected to other public health outcomes, like mental health and public safety. For example, some research suggests that living in neighborhoods with green space and tree cover correlates with improved mental health outcomes.194 Finally, some commenters argued that activities like installing streetlights, greening or cleanup of public spaces or land, and other efforts to revitalize public spaces would support improved public safety.195 196 These commenters recommended that Treasury include as an enumerated eligible use in disproportionately impacted communities projects to develop neighborhood features that promote improved health and safety outcomes, such as parks, green spaces, recreational facilities, sidewalks, pedestrian safety features like crosswalks, projects that increase access to healthy foods, streetlights, neighborhood cleanup, and other projects to revitalize public spaces. Background: Investments in neighborhood features, including parks, recreation facilities, sidewalks, and healthy food access, can work to improve physical and mental health outcomes. Allowing people access to nature, including parks, has been connected to decreased levels of mortality and illness and increased well-being.197 Urban park use during the COVID–19 pandemic may have declined among lower-income individuals.198 Encouraging physical activity can also play a role in health outcomes, as a sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for chronic diseases and more severe COVID–19 outcomes.199 Parks, recreation facilities, and sidewalks can promote healthier living environments by allowing for safe and socially distanced recreation during the COVID– 19 pandemic. Additionally, food insecurity rates, which are higher among lower-income households and households of color, doubled among all households and tripled among households with children during the onset of COVID–19 from February 2020 to May 2020.200 Improving healthy food access supports public health, particularly among lower- income households and households of color that face disproportionate outcomes. Treasury Response: Treasury recognizes the connection between neighborhood built environment and physical health outcomes as discussed in the research and analysis provided by commenters, including risk factors that may have contributed to disproportionate COVID–19 health impacts in low-income communities. The final rule also recognizes that the public health impacts of the pandemic are broader than just the COVID–19 disease itself and include substantial impacts on mental health and public safety challenges like rates of violent crime, which are correlated with a neighborhood’s built environment and features. As such, neighborhood features that promote improved health and safety outcomes respond to the pre- existing disparities that contributed to COVID–19’s disproportionate impacts on low-income communities. The final rule includes enumerated eligible uses in disproportionately impacted communities for developing neighborhood features that promote improved health and safety outcomes, such as parks, green spaces, recreational facilities, sidewalks, pedestrian safety features like crosswalks,201 projects that increase access to healthy foods, streetlights, neighborhood cleanup, and other projects to revitalize public spaces. Recipients seeking to use funds for capital expenditures should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other, which describes additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures. b. Vacant or abandoned properties. As discussed above, the interim final rule included enumerated eligible uses for building stronger communities through investments in housing and neighborhoods in disproportionately impacted communities. The interim final rule also posed a question of whether other potential uses in this category, specifically ‘‘rehabilitation of blighted properties or demolition of abandoned or vacant properties,’’ address the public health or economic impacts of the pandemic. Public Comment: Several commenters argued that programs or services to address vacant or abandoned property would respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic in disproportionately impacted communities. Some commenters cited research suggesting that living near such property is correlated with worse physical health and mental health outcomes, noted that such properties pose an environmental hazard, or argued that such properties present a barrier to economic recovery. These commenters suggested that renovation or demolition of vacant or abandoned property could benefit community health and raise property values. Other commenters recommended that Treasury include an enumerated eligible use for the operation of land banks that redevelop or renew vacant properties and land. Treasury Response: As noted throughout the final rule, the pandemic underscored the importance of safe, affordable housing and healthy VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4374 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 202 A state or locality may use its existing classifications of what is considered vacant or abandoned property under state law and local ordinances, as well as any corresponding processes for demolition, for these eligible uses. A recipient without a definition of vacant or abandoned property may refer to definitions used in the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Neighborhood Stabilization Program (available at the citations below); however, recipients should be aware that other federal, state, or local requirements may apply such as compliance with the Uniform Relocation Act (see U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Real Estate Acquisition and Relocation Overview in HUD Programs, https:// www.hudexchange.info/programs/relocation/ overview/#overview-of-the-ura (last visited November 9, 2021) and other state and local requirements like condemnation and code enforcement. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, What is the definition of vacant properties as referenced in NSP Eligible Use E—Redevelop Demolished or Vacant Properties? (October 2012), https://www.hudexchange.info/ faqs/programs/neighborhood-stabilization-program- nsp/redevelopment/what-is-the-definition-of- vacant-properties-as-referenced-in-nsp-eligible/. U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, What are the definitions of abandoned and foreclosed? (October 2012), https:// www.hudexchange.info/faqs/programs/ neighborhood-stabilization-program-nsp/program- requirements/eligible-activitiesuses/what-are-the- definitions-of-abandoned-and-foreclosed/. 203 For analysis of vacancy rates considered low or high, see, e.g., page 12 of Alan Mallach, The Empty House Next Door, Lincoln Institute (May 2018), https://www.lincolninst.edu/publications/ policy-focus-reports/empty-house-next-door# :∼:text=%E2%80%9CAlan%20Mallach%20is%20 the%20sage,through%20data%20and%20 model%20 practices. Recipients may determine the appropriate geographic unit for which to analyze vacancy rates (e.g., county, census tract) based on their circumstances. As needed, recipients may refer to the Current Population Survey/Housing Vacancy Survey data series on Housing Vacancies and Homeownership as one data source to assess vacancy rates. See https://www.census.gov/housing/ hvs/index.html. Other data sources include the American Community Survey five-year estimates, for smaller geographic areas, or tabulations by the Department of Housing and Urban Development based on United States Postal Service Vacancy Data. See, respectively, https://data.census.gov/cedsci/ table?q=DP04&tid=ACSDP5Y2019.DP04& hidePreview=true or https://www.huduser.gov/ portal/datasets/usps.html. 204 See U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Large-Scale Residential Demolition, https:// www.epa.gov/large-scale-residential-demolition (last visited November 9, 2021) for a primer on requirements that may apply. neighborhood environments to public health and economic outcomes. Treasury agrees with commenters that high rates of vacant or abandoned properties in a neighborhood may exacerbate public health disparities, for example through environmental contaminants that contribute to poor health outcomes or by contributing to higher rates of crime. As such, certain services for vacant or abandoned properties are eligible to address the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic on disproportionately impacted households or communities. Eligible activities include: •Rehabilitation, renovation, maintenance, or costs to secure vacant or abandoned properties to reduce their negative impact •Costs associated with acquiring and securing legal title of vacant or abandoned properties and other costs to position the property for current or future productive use •Removal and remediation of environmental contaminants or hazards from vacant or abandoned properties, when conducted in compliance with applicable environmental laws or regulations •Demolition or deconstruction of vacant or abandoned buildings (including residential, commercial, or industrial buildings) paired with greening or other lot improvement as part of a strategy for neighborhood revitalization •Greening or cleanup of vacant lots, as well as other efforts to make vacant lots safer for the surrounding community •Conversion of vacant or abandoned properties to affordable housing •Inspection fees and other administrative costs incurred to ensure compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations for demolition, greening, or other remediation activities Vacant or abandoned properties are generally those that have been unoccupied for an extended period of time or have no active owner.202 Such properties may be in significant disrepair (e.g., major structural defects; lack of weather tight conditions; or lack of useable plumbing, kitchen facilities, electricity, or heating infrastructure (not to include utilities currently out of service or disconnected but able to be reconnected and used)), or may be declared unfit for inhabitants by a government authority. As noted above, demolition and greening (or other structure or lot remediation) of vacant or abandoned properties, including residential, commercial, or industrial buildings, is an eligible use of funds. Treasury encourages recipients to undertake these activities as part of a strategy for neighborhood revitalization and to consider how the cleared property will be used to benefit the disproportionately impacted community. Activities under this eligible use should benefit current residents and businesses, who experienced the pandemic’s impact on the community. Treasury encourages recipients to be aware of potential impacts of demolition of vacant or abandoned residential properties. Demolition activities that exacerbate the pandemic’s impact on housing insecurity or lack of affordable housing are not eligible uses of funds. This risk is generally more acute in jurisdictions with low or reasonable vacancy rates and less acute in jurisdictions with high or hyper- vacancy.203 Treasury presumes that demolition of vacant or abandoned residential properties that results in a net reduction in occupiable housing units for low- and moderate-income individuals in an area where the availability of such housing is lower than the need for such housing would exacerbate the impacts of the pandemic on disproportionately impacted communities and that use of SLFRF funds for such activities would therefore be ineligible. This includes activities that convert occupiable housing units for low- and moderate- income individuals into housing units unaffordable to current residents in the community. Recipients may assess whether units are ‘‘occupiable’’ and what the housing need is for a given area taking into account vacancy rates (as described above), local housing market conditions (including conditions for different types of housing like multi- family or single-family), and applicable law and housing codes as to what units are occupiable. Recipients should also take all reasonable steps to minimize the displacement of persons due to activities under this eligible use category, especially the displacement of low-income households or longtime residents. Recipients engaging in these activities and other construction activities with SLFRF funds should be mindful of the provisions of the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 4601, and the Department of Transportation’s implementing regulations, 49 CFR part 24, that apply to projects funded with federal financial assistance, such as SLFRF funds. Recipients should also be aware of federal, state, and local laws and regulations, outside of SLFRF program requirements, that apply to this activity. Recipients must comply with the applicable requirements of the Uniform Guidance regarding procurement, contracting, and conflicts of interest and must follow the applicable laws and regulations in their jurisdictions. Recipients must also comply with all federal, state, and local public health and environmental laws or regulations that apply to activities under this eligible use category,204 for example, requirements around the VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4375 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations handling and disposal of asbestos- containing materials, lead paint, and other harmful materials may apply, as well as environmental standards for any backfill materials used at demolition sites. Treasury encourages recipients to consult and apply best practices from the Environmental Protection Agency as well. Recipients must evaluate each subrecipient’s risk of noncompliance with federal statutes, regulations, and the terms and conditions of the subaward related to safely and properly conducting activities under this eligible use. This may include checking for any past violations recorded by state or local environmental, workplace safety, licensing, and procurement agencies, as well as regular reviews for suspensions, debarments, or stop work orders. Recipients must establish rigorous oversight and internal controls processes to monitor compliance with any applicable requirements, including compliance by subrecipients. 4. Addressing educational disparities. The interim final rule included an enumerated eligible use for addressing educational disparities in disproportionately impacted communities and outlined some enumerated eligible services under this use. These enumerated uses included early learning services, assistance to high-poverty school districts to advance equitable funding across districts and geographies, and educational and evidence-based services to address the academic, social, emotional, and mental health needs of students. Addressing the many dimensions of resource equity— including equitable and adequate school funding; access to a well-rounded education; well-prepared, effective, and diverse educators and staff; and integrated support services—can also begin to mitigate the impact of COVID– 19 on schools and students and can close long-standing gaps in educational opportunity. As discussed above, in the final rule, early learning services and addressing the impacts of lost instructional time for K–12 students are enumerated eligible uses for impacted communities, not just disproportionately impacted communities. Public Comment: Treasury received some comments in this category. Generally, commenters expressed agreement with the elements of the interim final rule regarding use of funds for addressing educational disparities. Some commenters had questions about whether a few specific uses of funds qualified under this category. For example, commenters inquired about whether the funds could be used for behavioral health in a school setting or cultural language classes. Treasury Response: Treasury is maintaining these enumerated eligible uses in the final rule, which are now organized under the heading of ‘‘services to address educational disparities.’’ Treasury reiterates that these uses include addressing educational disparities exacerbated by COVID–19, including but not limited to: increasing resources for high-poverty school districts, educational services like tutoring or afterschool programs, summer education and enrichment programs, and supports for students’ social, emotional, and mental health needs. This also includes responses aimed at addressing the many dimensions of resource equity— including equitable and adequate school funding; access to a well-rounded education; well-prepared, effective, and diverse educators and staff; and integrated support services—in order to close long-standing gaps in educational opportunity. Further, Treasury is clarifying that improvements or new construction of schools and other educational facilities or equipment are eligible capital expenditures for disproportionately impacted communities. Recipients seeking to use funds for capital expenditures should refer to the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other for additional eligibility standards that apply to uses of funds for capital expenditures. Treasury notes that services to promote healthy childhood environments, including childcare, early learning services, and home visiting programs that serve infants and toddlers, is a separate category of enumerated eligible uses for households impacted by the pandemic (see eligible uses for ‘‘promoting healthy childhood environments’’). Similarly, education services to address the impact of lost instructional time during the pandemic are a separate eligible use category for households impacted by the pandemic; when providing these services, recipients may presume that any K–12 student who lost access to in-person instruction for a significant period of time has been impacted by the pandemic and is thus eligible for responsive services (see eligible uses for ‘‘addressing the impact of lost instructional time’’). Proposed Additional Enumerated Eligible Uses Not Incorporated The interim final rule posed a question on what other types of services or costs Treasury should consider as eligible uses to respond to the disproportionate public health or negative economic impacts of COVID– 19 on low-income populations and communities. In response, commenters proposed a wide variety of additional recommended enumerated eligible uses to assist disproportionately impacted households, ranging from general categories of services (e.g., long-term investments to remediate long-term disparities) to highly specific examples of services (e.g., a specific type of healthcare equipment). As discussed above, Treasury is including several additional categories of enumerated eligible uses in the final rule in response to public comments. Given the large number and diversity of SLFRF recipients, Treasury’s approach to assistance to households in disproportionately impacted communities in the final rule aims to provide enumerated eligible uses that respond to disproportionate impacts of the pandemic experienced widely in many jurisdictions across the country and are intended to simplify and clarify these enumerated eligible uses. At the same time, Treasury recognizes that the impacts of the pandemic vary over time, by jurisdiction, and by population; as such, the final rule provides flexibility for recipients to identify additional disproportionate impacts to additional households or classes of households and pursue programs and services that respond to those disproportionate impacts. In the final rule, Treasury has not chosen to include as enumerated uses all uses proposed by commenters; given the significant range, and in some cases highly specific nature, of the proposed uses Treasury was not able to assess that the proposed uses would respond to disproportionate impacts experienced in many jurisdictions across the country, supporting an enumerated eligible use available to all recipients presumptively. However, the final rule continues to provide a framework to allow recipients to identify and respond to additional disproportionate impacts (for details, see section General Provisions: Structure and Standards). Some types of proposed additional enumerated eligible uses for assistance to households in disproportionately impacted communities were recommended by several commenters: •Capital expenditures. Many commenters recommended that capital expenditures on many different types of public and private facilities be enumerated eligible uses. For clarity, Treasury has addressed all comments on the eligibility of capital expenditures on property, facilities, or equipment in one VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4376 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 205 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Monetary Policy Report (June 12, 2020), https://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/ 2020-06-mpr-summary.htm. 206 U.S. Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy, Small Businesses Generate 44 Percent of U.S. Economic Activity (Jan. 30, 2019), https:// advocacy.sba.gov/2019/01/30/small-businesses- generate-44-percent-of-u-s-economic-activity/. 207 Joseph R. Biden, Remarks by President Biden on Helping Small Businesses (Feb. 22, 2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/ speechesremarks/2021/02/22/remarks-by-president- bidenon-helping-small-businesses/. 208 Daniel Wilmoth, U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy, The Effects of the COVID–19 Pandemic on Small Businesses, Issue Brief No. 16 (Mar. 2021), available at https:// cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/ 03/02112318/COVID-19-Impact-On-Small- Business.pdf. 209 U.S. Census Bureau, Small Business Pulse Survey, https://portal.census.gov/pulse/data/ (last visited December 7, 2021). 210 Olivia S. Kim et al., Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the Early Stages of the COVID–19 Pandemic (Nov. 2020), https://www.nber.org/papers/w28151. 211 See, e.g., Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Report to Congress on the Availability of Credit to Small Businesses (Sept. 2017), available at https://www.federalreserve.gov/ publications/2017-september-availability-of-credit- to-small-businesses.htm. 212 Alexander W. Bartik et al., The Impact of COVID–19 on small business outcomes and expectations, PNAS 117(30): 17656–66 (July 28, 2020), available at https://www.pnas.org/content/ 117/30/17656. 213 Robert Fairlie, The impact of COVID–19 on small business owners: Evidence from the first 3months after widespread social-distancing restrictions, Journal of economics & management strategy (August 27, 2020), https://doi.org/10.1111/ jems.12400. 214 U.S. Small Business Administration, The Effects of the COVID–19 Pandemic on Small Businesses (March 2021), https://cdn.advocacy. sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/02112318/ COVID-19-Impact-On-Small-Business.pdf. 215 Robert Fairlie, supra note 213. 216 Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. 2019. Small Business Credit Survey 2019 Report on Minority- Owned Firms. December. fedsmallbusiness.org/ survey/2019/report-on-minority-owned-firms. 217 Ding, Lei, and Alvaro Sanchez. 2020. What Small Businesses Will Be Impacted by COVID–19? Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia. philadelphiafed.org/covid-19/covid-19-equity-in- recovery/what-small-businesses-will-be-impacted. 218 Lucas Misera, An Uphill Battle: COVID–19’s Outsized Toll on Minority-Owned Firms, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland (October 8, 2020), https://www.clevelandfed.org/newsroom-and- events/publications/community-development- briefs/db-20201008-misera-report.aspx. 219 Robert Fairlie, A. Robb, D. Robinson, Black and White: Access to Capital among Minority- Owned Startups, NBER Working Paper 28154 (November 2020), https://www.nber.org/papers/ w28154. section (see section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other). •Equity funds. Several commenters recommended that Treasury permit SLFRF funds to be deposited into an equity fund to support long-term racial and economic equity investments. The eligibility of such use would depend on the specific structure and uses of funds. Under the statute, SLFRF funds can only support costs incurred until December 31, 2024; see section Timeline for Use of SLFRF Funds in Program Administration Provisions. Further, recipients may calculate the cost incurred with respect to investments in revolving loan funds based on the methodology described in section Treatment of Loans in Program Administration Provisions. Projects funded by a revolving loan fund using SLFRF funds would also need to be eligible uses of SLFRF funds. •Environmental quality and climate resilience. Several commenters recommended eligible uses to enhance environmental quality, remediate pollution, promote recycling or composting, or increase energy efficiency or electrical grid resilience. Whether these projects respond to the disproportionate impacts of the pandemic on certain communities would depend on the specific issue they address and its nexus to the public health and economic impacts of the pandemic. b. Assistance to Small Businesses Background The pandemic has severely impacted many businesses, with small businesses hit especially hard. Small businesses make up nearly half of U.S. private- sector employment 205 and play a key role in supporting the overall economic recovery as they are responsible for two- thirds of net new jobs.206 Since the beginning of the pandemic, however, 400,000 small businesses have closed, with many more at risk.207 Sectors with a large share of small business employment have been among those with the most drastic drops in employment.208 The negative outlook for small businesses has continued: As of November 2021, approximately 66 percent of small businesses reported that the pandemic has had a moderate or large negative effect on their business, and over a third expect that it will take over 6 months for their business to return to their normal level of operations.209 This negative outlook is likely the result of many small businesses having faced periods of closure and having seen declining revenues as customers stayed home.210 In general, small businesses can face greater hurdles in accessing credit,211 and many small businesses were already financially fragile at the outset of the pandemic.212 While businesses everywhere faced significant challenges during the pandemic, minority-owned and very small businesses have faced additional obstacles. Between February and April 2020, the number of actively self- employed Black business owners decreased by 41 percent.213 During that same time period, Asian and Latino business owners decreased by 26 and 32 percent, respectively, compared to a 17 percent decrease in white business owners.214 Female business owners also saw significant impacts, with businesses owned by women falling by 25 percent.215 Many of the disparities in how minority business owners experienced the pandemic are rooted in systemic issues present even before the pandemic. For example, before the economic downturn, only 12 percent of Black-owned businesses and 19 percent of Hispanic-owned businesses had annual earnings of over $1 million compared to 31 percent of white-owned businesses.216 Minority-owned businesses were also overrepresented in industries hit hardest by the economic downturn (e.g., services, transportation and warehousing, healthcare and social assistance, administrative and support and waste management, and accommodation and food services).217 Approximately 22 percent of all minority-owned business fell into the hardest hit industries compared to 13 percent of nonminority-owned businesses.218 Although disparities in annual revenue are not a direct indication of a business’s ability to weather an economic downturn, they do highlight other disparities that make it more challenging for these businesses to survive the effects of the pandemic. Black-owned startups, for example, face larger challenges in raising capital, including securing business loans.219 Summary of the Interim Final Rule and Final Rule Structure Summary of Interim Final Rule: As discussed above, small businesses faced significant challenges in covering payroll, mortgages or rent, and other operating costs as a result of the public health emergency and measures taken to contain the spread of the virus. Under Sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A), recipients may ‘‘respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts,’’ by, among other things, providing ‘‘assistance to . . . small businesses.’’ Accordingly, the interim final rule allowed recipients to provide assistance to small businesses to address the negative economic impacts faced by those businesses. A VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4377 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations ‘‘small business’’ is defined as a business concern or other organization that: (1) Has no more than 500 employees or, if applicable, the size standard in number of employees established by the Administrator of the Small Business Administration for the industry in which the business concern or organization operates; and (2) Is a small business concern as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632). Specifically, the interim final rule provided that recipients may provide assistance to small businesses to adopt safer operating procedures, weather periods of closure, or mitigate financial hardship resulting from the COVID–19 public health emergency, including: •Loans or grants to mitigate financial hardship such as declines in revenues or impacts of periods of business closure; •Loans, grants, or in-kind assistance to implement COVID–19 prevention or mitigation tactics; and •Technical assistance, counseling, or other services to assist with business planning needs. The interim final rule further provided that recipients may consider additional criteria to target assistance to businesses in need, including small businesses. Such criteria may include businesses facing financial insecurity, substantial declines in gross receipts (e.g., comparable to measures used to assess eligibility for the Paycheck Protection Program), or other economic harm due to the pandemic, as well as businesses with less capacity to weather financial hardship, such as the smallest businesses, those with less access to credit, or those serving underserved communities. The interim final rule also indicated that recipients should consider local economic conditions and business data when establishing such criteria. Finally, the interim final rule posed a question on whether there are other services or costs that Treasury should consider as eligible uses to respond to the disproportionate impacts of COVID–19 on low-income populations and communities. Final Rule Structure: Consistent with the interim final rule approach, the final rule provides a non-exhaustive list of enumerated eligible uses for assistance to small businesses that are impacted or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Further, within Assistance to Small Business, a recipient may also identify a negative economic impact experienced by small businesses and design and implement a response to that negative economic impact, beyond the uses specifically enumerated in the final rule, according to the standard described in the section Standards: Identifying a Negative Economic Impact. A recipient may also identify small businesses that have been disproportionately impacted by the public health emergency and design and implement a program that responds to the source of that disproportionate impact. Consistent with other eligible use categories to respond to the public health and economic impacts of the pandemic, recipients may identify and serve small businesses that experienced a negative economic impact or disproportionate impact due to the pandemic, as described in the section Standards for Identifying Other Eligible Populations. For example, to identify impacted small businesses, a recipient may consider whether the small businesses faced challenges in covering payroll, mortgage or rent, or other operating costs as a result of the public health emergency and measures taken to contain the spread of the virus. In order to ease administrative burden, the final rule presumes that small businesses operating in QCTs, small businesses operated by Tribal governments or on Tribal Lands, and small businesses operating in the U.S. territories were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Reorganizations and Cross- References: As detailed above, Treasury has re-categorized some uses of funds in the final rule to provide greater clarity. For discussion of assistance to small businesses and impacted industries to implement COVID–19 mitigation and prevention strategies, see section COVID–19 Mitigation and Prevention in Public Health. Small Businesses Eligible for Assistance Public Comment: Treasury received many comments about the general benefits or drawbacks of use of SLFRF funds to provide assistance to small businesses. Some commenters suggested that SLFRF funds should be available to assist all small businesses, rather than only businesses that experienced direct negative economic impacts due to the public health emergency. Other commenters argued that aid to small businesses should be narrowed in the final rule, asserting that SLFRF funds should instead focus on assistance to households or building public sector capacity. Treasury also received comments requesting clarification of the types of small businesses eligible for assistance. For example, some commenters requested clarification about whether microbusinesses were included in the definition of small business. Comments also suggested that self-employed individuals and Tribal enterprises be classified as small businesses, respectively. Commenters argued that these types of small businesses are more common among low-income and minority businessowners and serve as important institutions in underserved communities. Finally, some commenters suggested that Treasury permit broader enumerated eligible uses to assist small businesses in disproportionately impacted communities and generally strengthen economic growth in these communities. These commenters recommended that Treasury presume small businesses operating in QCTs are disproportionately impacted and eligible for broader enumerated uses. Treasury Response: As discussed in the section Designating a Negative Economic Impact, in the final rule, recipients must identify an economic harm caused or exacerbated by the pandemic on a small business or class of small businesses to provide services that respond. As discussed above, programs or services in this category must respond to a harm experienced by a small business or class of small businesses as a result of the public health emergency. To identify impacted small businesses and necessary response measures, recipients may consider impacts such as lost revenue or increased costs, challenges covering payroll, rent or mortgage, or other operating costs, the capacity of a small business to weather financial hardships, and general financial insecurity resulting from the public health emergency. Recognizing the difficulties faced by small businesses in certain communities, the final rule presumes that small businesses operating in QCTs, small businesses operated by Tribal governments or on Tribal Lands, and small businesses operating in the U.S. territories were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. This presumption parallels the final rule’s approach to assistance to households, reflecting the more severe pandemic impacts in underserved communities and creating a parallel structure across different categories of eligible uses to make the structure simpler for recipients to understand and navigate. Treasury notes that recipients may also designate a class of small businesses that experienced a negative economic impact or disproportionate negative economic impact (e.g., microbusinesses, small businesses in certain economic sectors), design an intervention to fit the impact, and VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4378 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 220 In regard to counting employees, businesses owned and controlled by a Tribal government are not considered affiliates of the Tribal government and are not considered affiliates of other businesses owned by the Tribal government because of their common ownership by the Tribal government or common management, as described in 13 CFR 121.103(b)(2). This definition is consistent with the Small Business Administration (SBA) HUBZone definition of a ‘‘small business concern’’ relating to Tribal governments as well as how Tribal enterprises are defined for the State Small Business Credit Initiative (SSBCI). document that the individual entity is a member of the class. Additional information about this framework is included in the section General Provisions: Structure and Standards. Further, Treasury is maintaining the interim final rule definition of ‘‘small business,’’ which used the Small Business Administration’s (SBA) definition of fewer than 500 employees, or per the standard for that industry, as defined by SBA. This definition includes businesses with very few employees, self-employed individuals, and Tribally owned businesses.220 Finally, Treasury notes that recipients may award SLFRF funds to many different types of organizations, including small businesses, to function as a subrecipient in carrying out eligible uses of funds on behalf of a recipient government. In this case, a small business need not have experienced a negative economic impact in order to serve as a subrecipient. See section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries for more detailed discussion of interactions with subrecipients, in contrast to beneficiaries of assistance. Enumerated Eligible Uses for Assistance to Small Businesses Public Comment: Treasury received comments requesting clarification of the types of assistance available to small businesses. For example, one commenter suggested that outdoor dining be an eligible use for SLFRF funds as assistance to small businesses. Other commenters asked for clarification about how SLFRF funds could be used to support new businesses and start-ups. Several commenters requested clarification of whether and how recipients may provide services to business districts or downtown areas, particularly those that exist in whole or in part within a QCT, and requested reduced documentation of the specific negative economic impact for the businesses operating within those areas. These commenters argued in favor of allowing redevelopment or other support, including capital investments, in business districts that were negatively impacted by COVID–19. Several commenters also argued that funds should be available to support and grow microbusinesses, or businesses with five or fewer employees, which are more likely to be owned by women and people of color. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining and clarifying the enumerated eligible uses of funds for assistance to small businesses that are impacted or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. Impacted small businesses. Specifically, Treasury is maintaining enumerated eligible uses from the interim final rule for assistance to impacted small businesses. These include but are not limited to: •Loans or grants to mitigate financial hardship such as declines in revenues or impacts of periods of business closure, for example by supporting payroll and benefits costs, costs to retain employees, mortgage, rent, or utilities costs, and other operating costs; •Loans, grants, or in-kind assistance to implement COVID–19 prevention or mitigation tactics (see section Public Health for details on these eligible uses); and •Technical assistance, counseling, or other services to assist with business planning needs. Treasury acknowledges a range of potential circumstances in which assisting small businesses could be responsive to the negative economic impacts of COVID–19, including for small businesses startups and microbusinesses and individuals seeking to start small or microbusinesses. For example: •As noted above, a recipient could assist small business startups or microbusinesses with additional costs associated with COVID–19 mitigation tactics; see section Public Health for details on these eligible uses. •A recipient could identify and respond to a negative economic impact of COVID–19 on new small business startups or microbusinesses; for example, if small business startups or microbusinesses in a locality faced greater difficulty accessing credit than prior to the pandemic or faced increased costs to starting the business due to the pandemic or if particular small businesses or microbusinesses had lost expected startup capital due to the pandemic. •The interim final rule also discussed, and the final rule maintains, eligible uses that provide support for individuals who have experienced a negative economic impact from the COVID–19 public health emergency, including uses that provide job training for unemployed individuals. These initiatives also may support small business start-ups, microbusinesses, and individuals seeking to start small or microbusinesses. Disproportionately impacted small businesses. Additionally, Treasury agrees with commenters that disproportionately impacted small businesses may benefit from additional assistance to address the sources of that disparate impact. As such, the final rule provides a broader set of enumerated eligible uses for disproportionately impacted small businesses and/or small businesses in disproportionately impacted business districts. Recipients may use SLFRF funds to assist these businesses with certain capital investments, such as rehabilitation of commercial properties, storefront improvements, and fac¸ade improvements. Recipients may also provide disproportionately impacted microbusinesses additional support to operate the business, including financial, childcare, and transportation supports. Recipients could also provide technical assistance, business incubators, and grants for start-ups or expansion costs for disproportionately impacted small businesses. Note that some of these types of assistance are similar to those eligible to respond to small businesses that experienced a negative economic impact (‘‘impacted’’ small businesses). However, because the final rule presumes that some small businesses were disproportionately impacted, these enumerated eligible uses can be provided to those businesses without any specific assessment of whether they individually experienced negative economic impacts or disproportionate impacts due to the pandemic. Cross-References: Recipients providing assistance to small businesses for capital expenditures (i.e., expenditures on property, facilities, or equipment) should also review the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other, which describes eligibility standards that apply to capital expenditures. Recipients should also note that services to address vacant or abandoned commercial or industrial properties are addressed in section Vacant or Abandoned Properties in Assistance to Households. Loans to Small Businesses Public Comment: Treasury received many comments requesting clarification on using SLFRF funds to establish funds that provide loans to small businesses. For example, commenters sought clarification of how eligible use VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4379 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 221 See, e.g., Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Impacts of COVID–19 on Nonprofits in the Western United States (May 2020), https:// www.frbsf.org/community-development/files/ impact-of-covid. 222 Philanthropy and COVID–19: Measuring one year of giving, Candid and the Center for Disaster Philanthropy. (2021), https://www.issuelab.org/ resources/38039/38039.pdf. 223 Id. 224 Elizabeth T. Boris et al., Nonprofit Trends and Impacts 2021, Urban Institute (October 7, 2021), https://www.urban.org/research/publication/ nonprofit-trends-and-impacts-2021/view/full_ report. 225 Id. 226 Chelsea Newhouse, COVID–19 JOBS UPDATE, NOVEMBER 2021: Nonprofits add just 5,000 jobs in November, Center for Civil Society Studies at Johns Hopkins University (December 10, 2021), http:// ccss.jhu.edu/november-2021-jobs/. 227 Elizabeth T. Boris et al. supra note 224 at p. 38. 228 §35.3 Definitions. 229 The ARPA also states under ‘‘Transfer Authority’’ that a Recipient may transfer funds to a private nonprofit organization such as those defined in paragraph (17) of section 401 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360(17). See 602 & 603(c)(3) of the Social Security Act. See section Transfers of Funds for additional information on other types of entities, including other forms of nonprofits, that may receive transfers. 230 While not stated specifically in the interim final rule, the Department does not require or have a preference as to the payment structure for recipients that transfer funds to subrecipients (e.g., advance payments, reimbursement basis, etc.). Ultimately, recipients must comply with the eligible use requirements and any other applicable laws or requirements and are responsible for the actions of their subrecipients or beneficiaries. requirements and applicable dates for SLFRF funds would apply to third party organizations (like economic development organizations) who receive SLFRF funds in order to establish a loan fund. In addition, commenters requested clarification on what requirements apply to loan programs with available funds remaining after December 31, 2024. Treasury Response: SLFRF funds may be used to make loans, including to small businesses, provided that the loan is an eligible use, and the cost of the loan is tracked and reported in accordance with Treasury’s Compliance and Reporting Guidance. Funds that are unobligated after December 31, 2024 must be returned to Treasury. See section Treatment of Loans for more information about using SLFRF funds for loan programs. c. Assistance to Nonprofits Background: Nonprofits have faced significant challenges because of the pandemic, including increased demand for services and changing operational needs.221 Prior to the pandemic, the median U.S. nonprofit reported that it had six months of cash on hand.222 This varied by sector, however, with some sectors like disaster relief organizations reporting a median of 17 months cash on hand, and others, like mental health and crisis intervention organizations reporting only three months.223 Evidence suggests that the pandemic has damaged the financial health of nonprofits, with small nonprofits, which tend to rely more heavily on donations than large nonprofits, reporting relatively larger declines in donations — 42 percent versus 29 percent, respectively.224 Among nonprofits that collect fees for services, the median revenue amount collected from such fees fell by 30 percent from 2019 to 2020, with arts organization experiencing a 50 percent decline.225 Nonprofits also experienced significant job losses. While employment in the nonprofit sector has recovered from its low point in 2020, as of November 2021, the sector remained 485,000 jobs below its pre-pandemic level.226 In addition, some nonprofits may have experienced declines in volunteer staffing during the pandemic.227 At the same time, nonprofits provide a host of services for their communities, including helping Americans weather the multitude of challenges presented by the pandemic. The ARPA and the interim final rule recognized this dichotomy—nonprofits as entities that have themselves been negatively impacted by the pandemic and as entities that provide services that respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic on households and others —by creating two roles for nonprofits. First, under Sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A), recipients may ‘‘respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts,’’ by, among other activities, providing ‘‘assistance to . . . nonprofits.’’ The interim final rule defined assistance to nonprofits to include ‘‘loans, grants, in-kind assistance, technical assistance or other services, that responds to the negative economic impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency,’’ and ‘‘nonprofit’’ to mean a tax-exempt organization under Section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code.228 Second, as discussed above, ARPA and the interim final rule provided that nonprofit organizations may also receive funds as subrecipients of a recipient government (i.e., a government that received SLFRF funds); subrecipients carry out an eligible use of SLFRF funds on behalf of a recipient government (e.g., a recipient government that would like to provide food assistance to impacted households may grant funds to a nonprofit organization to carry out that eligible use). Recipients generally have wide latitude to award funds to many types of organizations, including nonprofit or for-profit organizations, as subrecipients to carry out eligible uses of funds on their behalf. For further information on distinguishing between beneficiaries and subrecipients, as well as the impacts of the distinction on reporting and other requirements, see section Transfers of Funds and section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries under the Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts eligible use category.229 Reorganization and Cross-References: Under the interim final rule, assistance to disproportionately impacted communities was a separate, stand- alone category. The final rule reorganizes the disproportionate impact analysis within the sections Assistance to Households, Assistance to Small Business, and Assistance to Nonprofits to better articulate how recipients can serve disproportionately impacted beneficiaries in each of those categories. As detailed above in the Public Health subsection, in response to public comments describing uncertainty on which eligible use category should be used to assess different potential uses of funds, Treasury has re-categorized some uses of funds in the final rule to provide greater clarity. For discussion of assistance to nonprofits to implement COVID–19 mitigation and prevention strategies, see section COVID–19 Mitigation and Prevention in Public Health. Recipients providing assistance via nonprofits involving capital expenditures (i.e., expenditures on property, facilities, or equipment) should also review the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other, which describes eligibility standards for these expenditures. Recipients providing assistances in the form of loans should review the section Treatment of Loans. Public Comment: Eligible Assistance to Impacted and Disproportionately Impacted Nonprofits: A few commenters asked Treasury to be more explicit in the final rule that recipients may use funds to provide relief directly to nonprofit organizations and to explain how nonprofits might qualify themselves for assistance and what expenses SLFRF funds may be used to cover.230 Commenters requested that Treasury note that the pandemic is VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4380 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 231 Note, this response is meant to clarify the difference between nonprofits as beneficiaries and nonprofits as subrecipients. It is not meant to limit the types of relationships that a recipient may enter into with a nonprofit as permitted under the Uniform Guidance. 232 See sections 602(c)(3) and 603(c)(3) of the Social Security Act. See also Section 401 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11360(17), which defines a ‘‘private nonprofit organization.’’ leading to a changing financial landscape for nonprofits. Treasury Response: Eligible Assistance to Impacted and Disproportionately Impacted Nonprofits: The interim final rule provided for, and the final rule maintains, the ability for recipients to provide direct assistance to nonprofits that experienced public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Specifically, recipients may provide direct assistance to nonprofits if the nonprofit has experienced a public health or negative economic impact as a result of the pandemic. For example, if a nonprofit organization experienced impacts like decreased revenues or increased costs (e.g., through reduced contributions or uncompensated increases in service need), and a recipient provides funds to address that impact, then it is providing direct assistance to the nonprofit as a beneficiary under Subsection (c)(1) of Sections 602 and 603. Direct assistance may take the form of loans, grants, in- kind assistance, technical assistance, or other services that respond to the negative economic impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency. A recipient may identify a negative economic impact experienced by a nonprofit, or class of nonprofits, and design and implement a response to that negative economic impact, see section Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact. The final rule provides a non-exhaustive list of enumerated eligible uses for assistance to nonprofits that are impacted or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. A recipient may also identify a class of nonprofits that have been disproportionately impacted by the public health emergency and design and implement a program that responds to the source of that disproportionate impact. For example, a recipient may determine that nonprofits offering after- school programs within its jurisdiction were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic due to the previous in- person, indoors nature of the work and the nonprofits’ reliance on fees received for services (e.g., attendance fees). The recipient might then design an intervention to assist those nonprofits in adapting their programming (e.g., to outdoor or online venues), their revenue structure (e.g., adapting the fee for service structure or developing expertise in digital donation campaigns), or both. Additional information about this framework is included in General Provisions: Structure and Standards. In order to ease administrative burden, the final rule presumes that nonprofits operating in QCTs, operated by Tribal governments or on Tribal Lands, or operating in the U.S. territories were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic. To summarize, a recipient may determine that certain nonprofits were impacted by the pandemic or were disproportionately impacted by the pandemic and provide responsive services. Public Comment: Beneficiaries and Subrecipients: As noted elsewhere in this final rule, Treasury received multiple comments expressing uncertainty on how to categorize a particular activity in the eligible use categories. For instance, some commenters requested that recipients be able to use SLFRF funds for certain expenses incurred by nonprofits (e.g., unemployment charges) as a response to a public health or negative economic impact to that nonprofit; others asked if nonprofits providing certain services (e.g., social services) made them eligible for direct assistance. Commenters also requested that Treasury acknowledge that engagement directly with nonprofit organizations in low-income communities and communities of color may allow the recipient to better assess economic harms in these areas. Treasury Response: Beneficiaries and Subrecipients: Treasury recognizes that many nonprofits play important roles in their communities, and some may have experienced public health or negative economic impacts during the pandemic. As such, under the interim final rule and the final rule, nonprofits may be impacted by the pandemic and receive assistance as a beneficiary, as described above, and/or be a subrecipient providing services on behalf of a recipient.231 Specifically, the interim final rule also allowed for, and the final rule maintains, the ability for the recipient to transfer, e.g., via grant or contract, funds to nonprofit entities to carry out an eligible use on behalf of the recipient. Treasury notes that recipients may award SLFRF funds to many different types of organizations to carry out eligible uses of funds and serve beneficiaries on behalf of a recipient government (e.g., assisting in a vaccination campaign, operating a job training program, developing affordable housing). When a recipient provides funds to an organization to carry out eligible uses of funds and serve beneficiaries, the organization becomes a subrecipient. In this case, a nonprofit need not have experienced a negative economic impact in order to serve as a subrecipient. In the context of SLFRF, nonprofits of all types may be subrecipients. Treasury is not restricting the types of nonprofits that can operate as subrecipients, rather allowing recipients to decide what form best meets the needs of their community. Therefore, a ‘‘nonprofit’’ that is acting as subrecipient could include, but is not limited to, a nonprofit as that term is defined in paragraph (17) of section 401 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance.232 See section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries for further information. Additional guidance on determining subrecipient status may be found in the Uniform Guidance.233 Recipients may transfer funds to subrecipients in several ways, including advance payments and on a reimbursement basis. Ultimately, recipients must comply with the eligible use requirements and any other applicable laws or requirements and are responsible for the actions of their subrecipients or beneficiaries. As part of accepting the Award Terms and Conditions for SLFRF, each recipient agreed to maintain a conflict- of-interest policy consistent with 2 CFR 200.318(c) that is applicable to all activities funded with the SLFRF award. Pursuant to this requirement, decisions concerning SLFRF funds must be free of undisclosed personal or organizational conflicts of interest, both in fact and in appearance. Recipients may avoid conflicts of interest in providing assistance to nonprofits or making subrecipient awards by, inter alia, making aid available to nonprofits on generally applicable terms or utilizing a competitive grant process, respectively. A recipient may not use control over SLFRF funds for their own private gain. Furthermore, no employee, officer, or agent may participate in the selection, award, or administration of a contract supported by a federal award if he or she has a real or apparent conflict of interest. Public Comment: Definition of Nonprofit: Treasury also received several requests to expand the definition of nonprofits so that other tax-exempt entities (e.g., 501(c)(7)s, 501(c)(9)s, 501(c)(19)s, nonprofits with ‘‘historical VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4381 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 234 §35.3 Definitions. 235 Treasury considered expanding the definition of nonprofit to include 501(c)(6) organizations, as Congress later did in the Coronavirus Response and Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021, but ultimately decided to retain the original CARES Act definition. To the extent impacted by the pandemic, 501(c)(6) organizations may be eligible to receive funds to support eligible uses that align with their overall purpose (e.g., tourism promotion in aid of an impacted industry). 236 Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, 86 FR at 26795. 237 For a definition of ‘‘Tribal development districts,’’ please see FAQ 2.9 at the following: Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/ SLFRPFAQ.pdf. significance’’) could be eligible for direct assistance as beneficiaries. Treasury Response: Definition of Nonprofit: The final rule expands the definition of nonprofits to mean 501(c)(3) organizations and 501(c)(19) organizations.234 The 501(c)(3) classification includes a wide range of organizations with varying charitable or public service-oriented goals (e.g., housing, food assistance, job training). As discussed above, these nonprofit organizations often experienced hardship due to increased needs for services combined with decreased donations and other sources of funding. In response to comments, Treasury has expanded the definition of nonprofit to include 501(c)(19) organizations, which includes veterans’ organizations, to provide recipients more flexibility and in alignment with the definition of nonprofit adopted by the CARES Act, wherein 501(c)(3)s and 501(c)(19)s were eligible for assistance.235 Public Comment: Reporting Requirements: One commenter asked Treasury to clarify if nonprofits that receive direct assistance as beneficiaries are required to comply with guidelines and reporting requirements. Treasury Response: Reporting Requirements: Nonprofits that receive direct assistance as beneficiaries are not subrecipients under SLFRF and are therefore not required to comply with SLFRF reporting requirements. However, the recipient must comply with SLFRF reporting requirements, which would require reporting obligations and expenditures for assistance to nonprofits. The recipient may also choose to establish other forms of reporting or accountability as a part of the recipient’s direct assistance program. A nonprofit entity that receives a transfer from a recipient is a subrecipient. Per the Uniform Guidance, subrecipients must adhere to the same requirements as recipients. Therefore, a nonprofit subrecipient may only receive funds to carry out an eligible use of SLFRF funds and must comply with any reporting and compliance requirements. Note that recipients are ultimately responsible for reporting information to Treasury and must collect any necessary information from their subrecipients to complete required reporting. d. Aid to Impacted Industries The interim final rule allowed for ‘‘aid to tourism, travel, and hospitality, and other impacted industries’’ that responds to the negative economic impacts of the COVID–19 public health emergency. In designating other impacted industries, Treasury specified that recipients should consider the ‘‘extent of the economic impact as compared to tourism, travel, and hospitality’’ and ‘‘whether impacts were due to the COVID–19 pandemic, as opposed to longer-term economic or industrial trends unrelated to the pandemic.’’236 Treasury identified declines in employment and revenue as possible metrics to compare the economic impact on a particular industry relative to the tourism, travel, and hospitality industries. Treasury further provided that aid should be limited to businesses, attractions, business districts, and Tribal development districts 237 that were operating prior to the pandemic and affected by required closures and other efforts to contain the pandemic. Examples of eligible aid include assistance to implement COVID–19 mitigation and infection prevention measures, aid to support safe reopening of businesses in these industries, as well as aid for a planned expansion or upgrade of tourism, travel, and hospitality facilities delayed due to the pandemic. The interim final rule and Treasury’s subsequent Compliance and Reporting Guidance also required governments to publicly report assistance provided to private-sector businesses under this eligible use and maintain records of their assessments to facilitate transparency and accountability. Reorganization and Cross-References: As detailed above, Treasury has re- categorized some uses of funds in the final rule to provide greater clarity. In the interim final rule, aid to impacted industries to implement COVID–19 mitigation and prevention strategies was categorized under Aid to Impacted Industries; the final rule addresses these items under the section COVID–19 Mitigation and Prevention in Public Health. Recipients should also be aware of the difference between beneficiaries of assistance and subrecipients when working with impacted industries; for further information, see section Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries. Designating an Impacted Industry Public Comment: Many commenters requested greater clarity on how to designate ‘‘other impacted industries’’ within their jurisdiction. Commenters requested greater specificity as to the metrics used to measure impact, with some suggesting metrics such as the change in the size of an industry’s workforce due to the pandemic, as well as consideration of whether and why employees are choosing to return to work at slower rates in certain industries. One commenter asked if this meant nearly every industry was ‘‘disproportionately impacted.’’ Some commenters encouraged Treasury to focus on industries most negatively impacted by the pandemic, including disallowing across-the-board business subsidies to businesses that were not negatively impacted by the pandemic and saw revenue or profit growth. Other commenters asked for flexibility for recipients to determine impacted industries based on their local knowledge of the economic landscape. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s approach of allowing recipients to designate impacted industries outside the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries, and, in response to comments, provides greater clarity as to how recipients may designate such impacted industries. Sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A) recognize that the tourism, travel, and hospitality industries are severely negatively impacted by the pandemic. Under the final rule, recipients may provide eligible aid (described in further detail herein) to the tourism, travel, and hospitality industries. Treasury considers Tribal development districts, which are commercial centers for Tribal hospitality, gaming, tourism, and entertainment and can include Tribal enterprises, as part of the tourism, travel, and hospitality industries that have been severely hit by the pandemic. Therefore, Treasury reaffirms that Tribal development districts are considered impacted industries and recipients may provide eligible aid to them. To identify other industries comparably impacted to the tourism, travel, and hospitality industries, recipients should undertake a two-step process: Identifying an industry and determining whether that industry is comparably impacted. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4382 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 238 Once an industry is designated as impacted, aid should be generally broadly available to businesses in the industry that qualify. Recipients should document how they defined the scope of their industry and how they determined that the industry was impacted. For states and territories, this includes documenting their justification for defining a constituent industry with greater geographic precision than state or territory-wide. 239 National Leisure & Hospitality supersector employment data can be found on the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics website: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Leisure and Hospitality, https:// www.bls.gov/iag/tgs/iag70.htm (last visited December 7, 2021). First, recipients should identify an industry to be assessed. In identifying this industry, the final rule provides recipients the flexibility to define its substantive or geographic scope.238 Recipients may identify a broad sector that encompasses a number of sub- industries, or they may identify a specific sub-industry to be assessed. For example, a recipient may identify ‘‘personal care services’’ as an industry, or they may identify a more specific category within the ‘‘personal care services’’ industry (e.g., barber shops) as an industry. In defining the industry, Treasury encourages recipients to define narrow and discrete industries eligible for aid. Recipients are not required to follow, but may consider following, industry classifications under the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Treasury notes that the larger and more diverse the sector, the more difficult it may be to demonstrate that the larger and less specific sector is negatively impacted in the same way given the scale and diversity of businesses within it. State or territory recipients may also define a constituent industry with greater geographic precision than state or territory-wide. For example, a state may identify a particular industry in a certain region of the state that was negatively impacted by the pandemic, even if the same industry in the rest of the state did not see a meaningful negative economic impact from the pandemic. State recipients oversee large and diverse industries, sometimes with differences in economic activity between geographic regions. Allowing greater geographic precision allows recipients to target aid to those that need it most, ensuring that state averages do not conceal hard-hit areas in their state. Second, to determine whether the industry is ‘‘impacted,’’ recipients should compare the negative economic impacts of the public health emergency on the identified industry to the impacts observed on the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries. 1. Simplified test. An industry is presumed to be impacted if the industry experienced employment loss of at least 8 percent. Specifically, a recipient should compare the percent change in the number of employees of the recipient’s identified industry and the national Leisure & Hospitality sector in the three months before the pandemic’s most severe impacts began (a straight three- month average of seasonally-adjusted employment data from December 2019, January 2020, and February 2020) with the latest data as of the final rule release (a straight three-month average of seasonally-adjusted employment data from September 2021, October 2021, and November 2021).239 The national Leisure & Hospitality sector largely represents the national travel, tourism, and hospitality industries enumerated in the statute. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment has fallen by approximately 8 percent for the national Leisure & Hospitality sector when comparing the most recent three- month period available as of the date of adoption of the final rule to the three- month period immediately before the public health emergency. Therefore, if the identified industry has suffered an employment loss of at least 8 percent, the final rule presumes the industry to be an ‘‘impacted industry.’’ For parity and simplicity, smaller recipients without employment data that measure industries in their specific jurisdiction may use data available for a broader unit of government for this calculation (e.g., a county may use data from the state in which it is located; a city may use data for the county, if available, or state in which it is located) solely for purposes of determining whether a particular industry is an impacted industry. 2. If simplified test is not met. If an industry does not satisfy the test above or data are unavailable, the recipient may still designate the industry as impacted by demonstrating the following: a. The recipient can show that the totality of relevant major economic indicators demonstrate that the industry is experiencing comparable or worse economic impacts as the national tourism, travel, and hospitality industries at the time of the publication of the final rule, and that the impacts were generally due to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Example economic indicators include gross output, GDP, net profits, employment levels, and projected time to restore employment back to pre-pandemic levels. Recipients may rely on available economic data, government research publications, research from academic sources, and other quantitative sources for this determination. If quantitative data is unavailable, the recipient can rely on qualitative data to show that the industry is experiencing comparable or worse economic impacts as the national tourism, travel, and hospitality industries, and the impacts were generally due to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Recipients may rely on sources like community interviews, surveys, and research from relevant state and local government agencies. As the public health emergency and economic recovery evolves, recipients should assess how industry impacts shift over time. Impacted industries may recover in a short period of time and no longer face a negative economic impact; in those circumstances, the recipient should ensure that the extent and length of aid is reasonably proportional to the negative economic impact that is experienced, as detailed further below and in section General Provisions: Structure and Standards. Recipients may add to their list of impacted industries by showing that the negative economic impacts to the industry at the time of the designation are comparable to the negative economic impacts to the national tourism, travel, and hospitality sectors as of the date of the final rule adoption, as detailed herein. Eligible Aid Public Comment: Commenters asked for further clarification as to the definition of eligible aid to an impacted industry, with many requesting that a broad range of aid be eligible. Examples of aid that recipients asked to be considered eligible include aid to businesses to cover COVID–19 mitigation costs and planned renovations or improvements to tourism, travel, and hospitality facilities, as well as marketing and in- kind incentives to attract visitors. Commenters also asked about the eligibility of aid to broadly cover losses incurred by facilities such as convention centers and hotels due to the pandemic’s economic impact. Commenters also asked for further clarification about the requirements related to private-sector reporting. Further, some commenters asked for clarification about eligible aid to impacted industries owned and operated by Tribal governments, including for Tribal construction projects that have been delayed due to the pandemic’s economic impacts, and for deference to Tribal determinations of negative economic impacts. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4383 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 240 As part of accepting the Award Terms and Conditions for SLFRF, each recipient agreed to maintain a conflict-of-interest policy consistent with 2 CFR 200.318(c) that is applicable to all activities funded with the SLFRF award. Pursuant to this policy, decisions concerning SLFRF must be free of undisclosed personal or organizational conflicts of interest, both in fact and in appearance. Recipients may avoid conflicts of interest in awarding aid to impacted industries by, inter alia, making aid available to businesses in the industry on generally applicable terms or utilizing a competitive grant process. A recipient may not use control over SLFRF for their own private gain. Furthermore, no employee, officer, or agent may participate in the selection, award, or administration of a contract supported by a federal award if he or she has a real or apparent conflict of interest. Treasury Response: In response to commenters’ requests for clarification on eligible aid, the final rule requires that aid to impacted industries, including to Tribal development districts, be designed to address the harm experienced by the impacted industry. First, recipients should identify a negative economic impact, i.e., an economic harm, that is experienced by businesses in the impacted industry. Second, recipients should select a response that is designed to address the identified economic harm resulting from or exacerbated by the public health emergency. Responses must also be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of harm experienced; uses that bear no relation or are grossly disproportionate to the type or extent of harm experienced would not be eligible uses. Recipients should consider the further discussion of this standard provided in the sections Standards: Designating a Public Health Impact and Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact. These responses may take the form of direct spending by recipients to promote an industry or support for businesses within an ‘‘impacted’’ industry that experienced a negative economic impact (e.g., through a grant program). Examples of eligible responses include: •Aid to mitigate financial hardship due to declines in revenue or profits by supporting payroll costs and compensation of returning employees for lost pay and benefits during the COVID–19 pandemic, as well as support of operations and maintenance of existing equipment and facilities, such as rent, leases, and utilities; •Aid for technical assistance, counseling, and other services to assist with business planning needs; and •Aid to implement COVID–19 mitigation and infection prevention measures, such as vaccination or testing programs, is broadly eligible for many types of entities, including travel, tourism, hospitality, and other impacted industries. Recipients providing aid to impacted industries for COVID–19 public health measures should review the section Assistance to Businesses to Implement COVID–19 Strategies in Public Health, which describes types of eligible uses of funds in this category. To address the identified harms, responses (e.g., aid through a grant program) should be generally broadly available to all businesses within the impacted industry to avoid the risk of self-dealing, preferential treatment, and conflicts of interest.240 Treasury encourages recipients to design aid programs such that funds are first used for operational expenses that are generally recognized as ordinary and necessary for the recipient’s operation, such as payroll, before being used on other types of costs. As noted in the section General Standards: Structure and Standards, uses of funds that do not respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, such as excessive compensation to employees, is ineligible. The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s requirement that aid may only be considered responsive to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic if it supports businesses, attractions, and Tribal development districts operating prior to the pandemic and affected by required closures and other efforts to contain the pandemic. Further, to facilitate transparency and accountability, the final rule maintains the interim final rule’s requirement that recipients publicly report assistance provided to private-sector businesses under this eligible use, including tourism, travel, hospitality, and other impacted industries, and its connection to negative economic impacts of the public health emergency. Recipients also should maintain records to support their assessment of how businesses receiving assistance were affected by the negative economic impacts of the public health emergency and how the aid provided responds to these impacts. Recipients providing aid to impacted industries for capital expenditures (i.e., expenditures on property, facilities, or equipment), including Tribal governments providing aid to Tribal development districts, should also review the section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other, which describes eligibility standards that are applicable to these expenditures, depending on the type of aid. Recipients providing assistance in the form of loans should review the section Treatment of Loans in Program Administration Provisions. 4. General Provisions: Other As noted above, the final rule consolidates into a General Provisions section several types of uses of funds; in the interim final rule, the eligibility of these uses of funds was discussed within specific categories of eligible uses for public health and negative economic impacts. Treasury anticipates that this re-organization will enhance recipient clarity in assessing eligible uses of funds. These General Provisions apply across all uses of funds under public health and negative economic impacts. Specifically, this section considers eligible uses for: •Public Sector Capacity and Workforce, which includes several separate and non-mutually exclusive categories articulated in the interim final rule: public health and safety staff; rehiring state, local, and Tribal government staff; expenses for administering COVID–19 response programs; expenses to improve the efficacy of public health or economic relief programs; and administrative expenses caused or exacerbated by the pandemic. Treasury recognizes that these are closely related and frequently overlapping categories. The final rule treats them as a single purpose, supporting public sector capacity, and provides coordinated guidance on the standards and presumptions that apply to them. •Capital Expenditures, which was addressed only under Public Health in the interim final rule. The final rule moves this expense to General Provisions and provides more clarity on the eligibility of capital expenditures across all aspects of the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category. •Distinguishing Subrecipients versus Beneficiaries, which describes the differences between these two categories. Recipient governments responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic may provide assistance to beneficiaries or execute an eligible use of funds through a subrecipient; some types of entities (e.g., nonprofits) could fit into either category depending on the specific purpose of the use of funds. •Uses Outside the Scope of this Category, which addresses uses of funds that are ineligible or generally ineligible under this eligible use category in the interim final rule. These uses of funds remain ineligible under the final rule, but Treasury has re-categorized where they are addressed, as described below. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4384 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 241 In general, if an employee’s wages and salaries are an eligible use of SLFRF funds, recipients may treat the employee’s covered benefits as an eligible use of SLFRF funds. For purposes of SLFRF funds, covered benefits include costs of all types of leave (vacation, family-related, sick, military, bereavement, sabbatical, jury duty), employee insurance (health, life, dental, vision), retirement (pensions, 401(k)), unemployment benefit plans (federal and state), workers compensation insurance, and Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) taxes (which includes Social Security and Medicare taxes). As described further in the section Deposits into Pension Funds in Restrictions on Use, that limitation on use does not apply to pension contributions that are part of regular payroll contributions for employees whose wages and salaries are an eligible use of SLFRF funds. 242 Note that the interim final rule adapted prior guidance issued for CRF that described these four categories of employees; however, when listing the specific occupations or types of employees in each of these categories, the guidance collapses health care and public health into one category titled ‘‘public health.’’ Therefore, the presumption described around public health employees also covers health care employees. 243 Note that this category encompasses both public health and health care employees; both are treated as public health employees for the purposes of this eligible use category. This section also addresses enumerated eligible uses proposed by commenters that Treasury has not incorporated into the final rule. Recipients should also note that the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly called the ‘‘Uniform Guidance’’) generally applies to SLFRF. a. Public Sector Capacity and Workforce Public Safety, Public Health, and Human Services Staff Summary of Interim Final Rule: Under the interim final rule, funds may be used for payroll and covered benefits 241 for public safety, public health, health care, human services, and similar employees 242 of a recipient government, for the portion of the employee’s time that is spent responding to COVID–19. For administrative convenience, the recipient may consider public health and safety employees to be entirely devoted to responding to COVID–19, and therefore their full payroll and covered benefits eligible to be covered, if the employee, or his or her operating unit or division, is ‘‘primarily dedicated’’ to responding to COVID–19, meaning that more than half of the employee, unit, or division’s time is dedicated to responding to COVID–19. Recipients may consider other presumptions for assessing the extent to which an employee, division, or operating unit is responding to COVID– 19. Recipients must periodically reassess their determination and maintain records to support their assessment, such as payroll records, attestations from supervisors or staff, or regular work product or correspondence; recipients need not track staff hours. The interim final rule also posed a question on how long recipients should be able to use funds for staff responding to COVID–19 and what other measures or presumptions might Treasury consider to assess the extent to which public sector staff are engaged in COVID–19 response in an easily administrable manner. Treasury also provided further guidance on the types of employees covered by this category of eligible use, specifically: ‘‘Public safety employees would include police officers (including state police officers), sheriffs and deputy sheriffs, firefighters, emergency medical responders, correctional and detention officers, and those who directly support such employees such as dispatchers and supervisory personnel. Public health employees 243 would include employees involved in providing medical and other health services to patients and supervisory personnel, including medical staff assigned to schools, prisons, and other such institutions, and other support services essential for patient care (e.g., laboratory technicians, medical examiner, or morgue staff) as well as employees of public health departments directly engaged in matters related to public health and related supervisory personnel. Human services staff include employees providing or administering social services; public benefits; child welfare services; and child, elder, or family care, as well as others.’’ Public Comment: Measuring Time Spent on COVID–19 Response: Treasury received public comments on several components of this eligible use category. Many commenters argued that it poses an administrative burden to identify the extent to which staff are responding to COVID–19 and to maintain records to support that assessment. Largely citing administrative burden in assessing eligibility, several commenters recommended revisions to the administrative convenience that the full payroll and covered benefits for public health and safety staff ‘‘primarily dedicated’’ to responding to COVID–19 may be paid with SLFRF funds. Some commenters recommended presuming that all public health and safety staff are primarily dedicated to COVID–19 response, while others proposed that public health and safety workers who primarily serve QCTs or low- and moderate-income areas be presumed to be primarily dedicated to COVID–19 response, given the disproportionate impacts of the pandemic in those communities. Similarly, Tribal communities recommended that their public health staff be presumed eligible due to the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on their communities. Some commenters proposed that they be able to use the administrative convenience for staff outside of public health and safety that are responding to COVID–19 (i.e., to be able to pay the full payroll and covered benefits for any staff ‘‘primarily dedicated’’ to COVID– 19 response). Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining the approach in the interim final rule, including elaborations issued in further guidance, but providing additional clarification on its application, including methods to apply the approach to minimize administrative burden. Treasury notes that recipients may assess the extent to which staff are dedicated to responding to COVID–19 through a variety of means, including establishing presumptions or assessing public health and safety staff at the division or operating unit level. For example, a recipient could consider the amount of time spent by employees in its public health department’s epidemiology division in responding to COVID–19 and, if a majority of its employees are dedicated to responding to COVID–19, determine that the entire division is primarily dedicated to responding to COVID–19. Treasury also clarifies that recipients may use reasonable estimates to establish administrable presumptions; for example, a recipient could estimate, based on discussions with staff, the general share of time that employees in a specific role or type of position spend on COVID–19 related tasks and apply that share of time to all employees in that position. Recipients are generally required to be able to support uses of SLFRF funds as eligible, including, in this instance, maintenance of records to support an assessment that public health and safety staff are primarily dedicated to responding to COVID–19. As noted above, recipients may use reasonable estimates to implement this provision. Recipients should maintain records on how they developed these estimates and need not track staff hours. Treasury notes that records retained can include payroll records (e.g., the number and type of staff in various positions), attestations from supervisors or staff (e.g., self-attestation of share of time spent on COVID–19), or regular work product or correspondence (e.g., calendars, email correspondence, documents, and other electronic VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4385 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations records). Treasury anticipates that these types of records are generally retained in many government settings; recipients should also consult the Award Terms and Conditions for SLFRF funds for requirements on length of record retention. For example, a recipient could establish a reasonable presumption about the share of time that an employee, division, or operating unit is responding to COVID–19 and simply retain those employees’ electronic records as a record to support their assessment. Public Comment: Public Health and Safety Staff Primarily Dedicated to COVID–19 Response: Some commenters recommended expanding the administrative convenience for public health and safety staff primarily dedicated to COVID–19 response to further types of staff, to all public health and safety staff, or to public health and safety staff serving underserved areas. Treasury Response: The interim final rule recognized that COVID–19 response continues to require substantial staff resources and provides an administrative convenience to make it relatively simpler to identify the eligibility of the types of workers— public health and safety workers— generally most involved in COVID–19 response. At the same time, many public health and safety workers perform roles unrelated to COVID–19; coverage of all roles would be overbroad compared to the workers responding to COVID–19 in actuality. For this reason, the final rule maintains the interim final rule’s approach to permitting SLFRF funds to be used for public health and safety staff primarily dedicated to responding to COVID–19. Finally, to the extent that a greater proportion of public health and safety staff time is needed to respond to COVID–19 in disproportionately impacted communities, the ‘‘primarily dedicated’’ approach recognizes this increased need. Public Comment: Eligible Types of COVID–19 Response: Some public commenters also sought further clarification on how to identify eligible types of ‘‘COVID–19 response.’’ For example, commenters requested clarification on delineating COVID–19 response from general public health response and defining COVID–19 response for public safety employees. Treasury Response: Treasury is clarifying that ‘‘responding to’’ COVID– 19 entails work needed to respond to the public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic, apart from the typical pre-pandemic job duties or workload of an employee in a comparable role, if one existed. For example, responding to COVID–19 for a public safety worker may entail working in an emergency operations center to coordinate pandemic-related supply distribution, responding to an increased volume of 911 calls, or implementing COVID–19 prevention and mitigation protocols in a carceral setting. Public Comment: Eligible Employees: Some commenters requested clarification on the types of eligible employees or expansion of eligible employees to include additional types of staff, including in behavioral health; administrative, management, or financial management positions; social services; morgue staff; and nonprofit staff supporting projects to undertake eligible uses of funds under SLFRF. Treasury Response: Treasury provided further guidance on eligible types of employees following the interim final rule, which expressly included social services and morgue staff, and incorporates that guidance into the final rule. In addition, Treasury is clarifying that public health ‘‘employees involved in providing medical and other health services to patients and supervisory personnel’’ includes behavioral health services as well as physical health services. Treasury also is clarifying that this provision only addresses employees of the recipient government responding to COVID–19. For discussion of eligible expenses to administer SLFRF, including eligible costs for subrecipients performing eligible activities on behalf of a recipient government, see section Administrative Expenses in Program Administration Provisions. Finally, Treasury is clarifying that indirect costs for administrative, management, and financial management personnel to support public health and safety staff responding to COVID–19 are not permissible under this provision, given the relatively greater challenge of differentiating the marginal increase in staff time and workload due to pandemic response for indirect versus direct costs. Public Comment: Time Period: Finally, some commenters made recommendations on the time period during which this eligible use should be available. Some commenters recommended eligibility begin before March 3, 2021, the period when Treasury’s interim final rule permitted recipients to begin to incur costs using SLFRF funds; for discussion of this topic, see section Timeline for Use of SLFRF Funds in Program Administration Provisions. As noted above, Treasury also posed a question in the interim final rule asking for how long Treasury should maintain the administrative convenience that SLFRF funds may be used for the full payroll and covered benefits of public health and safety staff primarily dedicated to COVID–19 response. Several commenters recommended that Treasury maintain this approach throughout the program or through December 31, 2024. Other commenters requested clarification on whether eligibility for this use of funds was tied to the length of the state of emergency or whether a jurisdiction has an active state of emergency. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is clarifying that recipients will be permitted to fund the full payroll and covered benefits of public health and safety staff primarily dedicated to COVID–19 response throughout the period of performance for the SLFRF program, though recipients should periodically reassess their determination of primarily dedicated staff, including as the public health emergency and response evolves. Government Employment and Rehiring Public Sector Staff The interim final rule permitted use of funds for costs associated with rehiring state, local, and Tribal government staff in order to bolster the government’s ability to effectively administer services. Specifically, recipients may pay for payroll, covered benefits, and other costs associated with the recipient increasing the number of its employees up to the pre-pandemic baseline, or the number of employees that the recipient government employed on January 27, 2020. Public Comment: Many commenters requested greater flexibility and additional clarification on the provision’s requirements, including the pre-pandemic baseline and re-hiring process. Some commenters requested that the final rule allow for hiring above the pre-pandemic baseline given historic underinvestment in the public sector workforce. Commenters suggested a number of adjustments to the pre- pandemic baseline, including adjusting based on population or revenue growth, while some recommended allowing recipients to set their own hiring levels. Others requested clarification on the definition of the baseline and the re- hiring process, including whether the pre-pandemic baseline referred to budgeted or filled positions and whether new hires had to fill the same roles as the previous hires. Commenters also asked whether recipients need to show if the reduction in number of employees was due to the pandemic in order to qualify for funding and requested that workers dedicated to VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4386 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 244 Recipients may determine that a portion of an FTE’s time is dedicated to responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Further, for administrative convenience, the recipient may consider public health and safety FTEs to be entirely devoted to mitigating or responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency if the FTE, or his or her operating unit of division, is primarily dedicated to responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Recipients may also consider other presumptions for assessing the extent to which an FTE, division, or operating unit is engaged in activities that respond to the COVID–19 public health emergency, provided that the recipient reassesses periodically and maintains records to support its assessment, such as payroll records, attestations from supervisors or staff, or regular work product or correspondence demonstrating work on the COVID–19 response. COVID–19 response be exempted from the calculation of number of employees. Many commenters also requested an expanded set of eligible uses beyond restoring their workforce up to the pre- pandemic baseline. Commenters requested that funding be able to be used to avoid layoffs, provide back pay, retain employees through pay increases and other retention programs, or reimburse salaries and benefits already paid. Some commenters also requested clarification as to whether recipients can fund re-hired positions through the period of performance and on the definition of payroll and benefits. Other commenters requested preferential hiring for workers laid off, a strong commitment to equity, and a requirement that funds would not be used to pay for contract or temporary replacement workers during a labor dispute. Treasury Response: The final rule allows for an expanded set of eligible uses to restore and support public sector employment. Eligible uses include hiring up to a pre-pandemic baseline that is adjusted for historic underinvestment in the public sector, providing additional funds for employees who experienced pay cuts or were furloughed, avoiding layoffs, providing worker retention incentives, and paying for ancillary administrative costs related to hiring. Restoring pre-pandemic employment. In response to comments and recognizing underinvestment in public sector employment, the final rule expands the ability to use SLFRF funds to restore pre-pandemic employment. Treasury is also clarifying how, and the extent to which, recipients may use SLFRF funds to rehire public employees. The final rule provides two options to restore pre-pandemic employment, depending on recipient’s needs. Under the first and simpler option, recipients may use SLFRF funds to rehire staff for pre-pandemic positions that were unfilled or were eliminated due the pandemic without undergoing further analysis. Under the second option, the final rule provides recipients an option to hire above the pre-pandemic baseline, by adjusting the pre-pandemic baseline for historical growth in public sector employment over time, as well as flexibility on roles for hire. Recipients may choose between these options but cannot use both. To pursue the first option, recipients may use SLFRF funds to hire employees for the same positions that existed on January 27, 2020 but that were unfilled or eliminated as of March 3, 2021, without undergoing further analysis. For these employees, recipients may use SLFRF funds for payroll and covered benefit costs that are obligated by December 31, 2024 and expended by December 31, 2026, consistent with the Uniform Guidance’s Cost Principles at 2 CFR part 200 Subpart E. This option provides administrative simplicity for recipients that would simply like to restore pre-pandemic positions and would not like to hire above the pre- pandemic baseline. To pursue the second option, recipients should undergo the analysis provided below. In short, this option allows recipients to pay for payroll and covered benefits associated with the recipient increasing its number of budgeted full-time equivalent employees (FTEs) up to 7.5 percent above its pre-pandemic employment baseline, which adjusts for the continued underinvestment in state and local governments since the Great Recession. State and local government employment as a share of population in 2019 remained considerably below its share prior to the Great Recession in 2007, which presented major risks to recipients mounting a response to the COVID–19 public health emergency. The adjustment factor of 7.5 percent results from estimating how much larger 2019 state and local government employment would have needed to be for the share of state and local government employment to population in 2019 to have been back at its 2007 level and is intended to correct for this gap. Recipients should complete the steps described below. Recipients may choose whether to conduct this analysis on a government-wide basis or for an individual department, agency, or authority. •Step One: Identify the recipient’s budgeted FTE level on January 27, 2020. This includes all budgeted positions, filled and unfilled. This is called the pre-pandemic baseline. •Step Two: Multiply the pre- pandemic baseline by 1.075 (that is, 1 + adjustment factor). This is called the adjusted pre-pandemic baseline. •Step Three: Identify the recipient’s budgeted FTE level on March 3, 2021, which is the beginning of the period of performance for SLFRF funds. Recipients may, but are not required to, exclude FTEs dedicated to responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency.244 This is called the actual number of FTEs. •Step Four: Subtract the actual number of FTEs from the adjusted pre- pandemic baseline to calculate the number of FTEs that can be hired and covered by SLFRF funds. Recipients may use SLFRF funds to cover payroll and covered benefit costs obligated by December 31, 2024, and expended by December 31, 2026, up to the number of FTEs calculated in Step Four, consistent with the Uniform Guidance’s Cost Principles at 2 CFR part 200 Subpart E. Recipients may only use SLFRF funds for additional FTEs hired over the March 3, 2021 level of budgeted FTEs (i.e., the actual number of FTEs); note again that recipients may choose whether to conduct the analysis of FTEs that can be covered by SLFRF funds on a government-wide basis or for an individual department, agency, or authority. These FTEs must have begun their employment on or after March 3, 2021, which is the beginning of the period of performance. For administrative convenience, recipients do not need to demonstrate that the reduction in number of FTEs was due to the COVID– 19 pandemic, as Treasury assumes the vast majority of employment reductions during this time were due to pandemic fiscal pressures on state and local budgets. Recipients do not need to hire for the same roles that existed pre- pandemic. For illustration, consider a hypothetical recipient with 1,000 budgeted FTEs on January 27, 2020 (950 filled FTE positions and 50 unfilled FTE positions). The recipient’s pre- pandemic baseline is 1000 FTEs; its adjusted pre-pandemic baseline is 1,000 * 1.075 = 1075 FTEs. Now, assume that on March 3, 2021, the recipient had 800 budgeted FTEs in total (795 filled FTE positions and 5 unfilled FTE positions), with 50 FTEs primarily dedicated to responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency. The recipient would have the option of using either 800 FTEs or 750 FTEs as its actual number of FTEs for the calculation; assuming it chooses the lower number, it would be able to fund up to 325 FTEs with SLFRF funds (that is, 1,075¥750 = 325 FTEs). VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4387 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 245 As part of accepting the Award Terms and Conditions for SLFRF, each recipient agreed to maintain a conflict-of-interest policy consistent with 2 CFR 200.318(c)112 that is applicable to all activities funded with the SLFRF award. Pursuant to this policy, decisions concerning SLFRF must be free of undisclosed personal or organizational conflicts of interest, both in fact and in appearance. A recipient may not use control over SLFRF for their own private gain. Furthermore, no employee, officer, or agent may participate in the selection, award, or administration of a contract supported by a federal award if he or she has a real or apparent conflict of interest. Specifically, the recipient would be able to use SLFRF to fund payroll and covered benefits for up to 325 FTEs that begin their employment on or after March 3, 2021, for costs obligated by December 31, 2024, and expended by December 31, 2026, consistent with the Uniform Guidance’s Cost Principles, as long as SLFRF funds are used for additional FTEs hired over the recipient’s 750 FTE level (which is its March 3, 2021 budgeted FTE level). In hiring new employees, the final rule encourages recipients to ensure a diverse workforce. The final rule also prohibits recipients from using funds to temporarily fill positions during a labor dispute, as this would not constitute responding to the public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Further, recipients must ensure that its hiring practices do not violate conflict-of-interest policies.245 Total compensation for a hired employee that is substantially in excess of typical compensation for employees of their experience and tenure within the recipient’s government, without a corresponding business case, may indicate a potential conflict-of-interest in fact or appearance. Providing additional funding for employees who experienced pay cuts and furloughs. In recognition of the economic hardship caused by pay cuts and furloughs, additional funds may be provided to employees who experienced pay cuts or were furloughed since the onset of the pandemic on January 27, 2020. Recipients must be able to substantiate that the pay cut or furlough was substantially due to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts (e.g., fiscal pressures on state and local budgets) and should document their assessment. As a reminder, this additional funding must be reasonably proportional to the negative economic impact of the pay cut or furlough on the employee, which would include taking into account unemployment insurance (UI) benefits that a furloughed employee may have received during the furloughed period. Treasury presumes that additional funds beyond the difference in pay had the employee not received a pay cut or been furloughed would not be reasonably proportional. Recipients may also provide premium pay to certain employees, as detailed further in section Premium Pay. Avoiding layoffs. Funds may be used to maintain current compensation levels, with adjustments for inflation, in order to prevent layoffs that would otherwise be necessary. Recipients must be able to substantiate that layoffs were likely in the absence of SLFRF funds and would be substantially due to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts (e.g., fiscal pressures on state and local budgets) and should document their assessment. Retaining workers. Funds may be used to provide worker retention incentives, which are designed to persuade employees to remain with the employer as compared to other employment options. Recipients must be able to substantiate that the employees were likely to leave employment in the absence of the retention incentive and should document their assessment. For example, a recipient may determine that a retention bonus is necessary based on the presence of an alternative employment offer for an employee. All worker retention incentives must be narrowly tailored to need and should not exceed incentives traditionally offered by the recipient or compensation that alternative employers may offer to compete for the employees. Further, because retention incentives are intended to provide additional incentive to remain with the employer, they must be entirely additive to an employee’s regular rate of wages and other remuneration and may not be used to reduce or substitute for an employee’s normal earnings. Treasury will presume that retention incentives that are less than 25 percent of the rate of base pay for an individual employee or 10 percent for a group or category of employees are reasonably proportional to the need to retain employees, as long as the other requirements are met. Ancillary administrative costs. Funds may be used to pay for ancillary administrative costs associated with administering SLFRF-funded hiring and retention programs detailed above, including costs to publish job postings, review applications, and onboard and train new hires. For additional information on administrative expenses, see section Administrative Expenses in Program Administration Provisions. Effective Service Delivery: Administrative Expenses The interim final rule provided that funds could be used for: ‘‘Expenses to improve efficacy of public health or economic relief programs: Administrative costs associated with the recipient’s COVID–19 public health emergency assistance programs, including services responding to the COVID–19 public health emergency or its negative economic impacts, that are not federally funded.’’ In the final rule, Treasury is clarifying that there are several categories of eligible administrative expenses. First, recipients may use funds for administrative costs to improve the efficacy of public health or economic relief programs through tools like program evaluation, data analysis, and targeted consumer outreach (see section Effective Service Delivery: Program Evaluation, Data, and Outreach). Second, recipients may use funds for administrative costs associated with programs to respond to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts, including programs that are not funded by SLFRF or not federally funded. In other words, Treasury recognizes that responding to the public health and economic impacts of the pandemic requires many programs and activities, some of which are not funded by SLFRF. Executing these programs effectively is a component of responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Finally, recipients may use funds for direct and indirect administrative costs for administering the SLFRF program and projects funded by the SLFRF program. See section Administrative Expenses in Program Administration Provisions for details on this eligible use category. Effective Service Delivery: Program Evaluation, Data, and Outreach The Supplementary Information of the interim final rule provided that state, local and Tribal governments may use SLFRF funds to improve the design and execution of programs responding to the COVID–19 pandemic and to improve the efficacy of programs addressing negative economic impacts. The interim final rule included high- level guidance about how SLFRF funds could be used in this eligible use category, including the use of targeted consumer outreach, improvements to data or technology infrastructure, impact evaluations, and data analysis. Since the publication of the interim final rule, Treasury has also released VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4388 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 246 Results for America, Invest in What Works State Standard of Excellence (August 2020), https:// 2020state.results4america.org/2020_State- Standard-of-Excellence.pdf. 247 Learning Agendas are systematic plans to identify, prioritize, answer important questions about programs and policies using analytic techniques that are appropriate to the type of question asked. For more information on learning agendas, please see OMB Memorandum M–19–23, available at: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp- content/uploads/2019/07/M-19-23.pdf and OMB Memorandum M–21–27, available at: https:// www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/ M-21-27.pdf. 248 Evidence Clearinghouses are databases of research in particular program areas. Frequently these Clearinghouses identify evidence-based programs, the strength of the evidence for those programs, and provide contextual or supporting information in easy to understand formats. Many federal departments have developed rigorous and helpful Clearinghouses that cover a wide range of uses enumerated in this final rule as well as other programs that may be responsive to public health or negative economic impacts of the pandemic. For more information on Clearinghouses, please see the Compliance and Reporting Guidance: U.S. Department of the Treasury, Recipient Compliance and Reporting Responsibilities, as of November 5, 2021; https://home.treasury.gov/policy-issues/ coronavirus/assistance-for-state-local-and-tribal- governments/state-and-local-fiscal-recovery-funds/ recipient-compliance-and-reporting-responsibilities. 249 See FAQ 2.19. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. In the case of courts specifically, this includes ‘‘implementing COVID–19 safety measures to facilitate court operations, hiring additional court staff or attorneys to increase speed of case supplementary information on data analysis, evidence building, and program evaluation in the Compliance and Reporting Guidance. Public Comment: Treasury received positive comments about the opportunity to invest in data and technology upgrades with SLFRF funds. For example, one commenter noted that investing in technology for better connectivity, coupled with software and hardware upgrades, will allow the workforce to be more productive. Treasury also received comments seeking clarification on using funds for investments in data and technology, including whether upgrading government websites to improve community outreach and investing in technologies that support social distancing were eligible uses. Treasury Response: Governments with high capacity to use data and evidence to administer programs are more likely to be responsive to the needs of their community, more transparent about their community impact, and more resilient to emergencies such as the pandemic and its economic impacts.246 Treasury recognizes that collecting high-quality data and developing community-driven, evidence-based programs requires resources to hire and build the capacity of staff, adopt new processes and systems, and use new technology and tools in order to effectively develop, execute, and evaluate programs. As such, Treasury is clarifying that recipients may use SLFRF funds toward the following non-exhaustive list of uses to address the data, evidence, and program administration needs of recipients. Additional information may be provided in the Compliance and Reporting Guidance. •Program evaluation and evidence resources to support building and using evidence to improve outcomes, including development of Learning Agendas 247 to support strategic evidence building, selection of evidence-based interventions, and program evaluations including impact evaluations (randomized control trials and quasi-experimental designs) as well as rapid-cycle evaluations, process or implementation evaluations, outcome evaluations, and cost-benefit analyses. Recipients are encouraged to undertake rigorous program evaluations when practicable, assess the impact of their programs by beneficiary demographics (including race, ethnicity, gender, income, and other relevant factors), and engage with community stakeholders (including intended beneficiaries) when developing Learning Agendas and designing evaluations to ensure that programmatic, cultural, linguistic, and historical nuances are accurately and respectfully addressed. Recipients are also encouraged to use relevant evidence Clearinghouses,248 among other sources, to assess the level of evidence for their interventions and identify evidence-based models that could be applied in their jurisdiction (meaning models with strong or moderate evidence; see Compliance and Reporting Guidance for details on these terms). •Data analysis resources to gather, assess, and use data for effective policy- making and real-time tracking of program performance to support effective implementation of SLFRF- funded programs and programs that respond to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts, or which households, small businesses, or impacted industries are accessing during the pandemic that are funded by other sources. These resources include but are not limited to data gathering, data cleaning, data analysis, data infrastructure, data management, data sharing, data transparency, performance management, outcomes-based budgeting, outcomes-based procurement, and other data needs. Treasury encourages the disaggregation of data to identify disparate program impacts and the use of cross- jurisdictional data sharing to better measure and implement government programs. •Technology infrastructure resources to improve access to and the user- experience of government information technology systems, including upgrades to hardware and software as well as improvements to public-facing websites or to data management systems, to increase public access and improve public delivery of government programs and services (including in the judicial, legislative, or executive branches). •Community outreach and engagement resources to support the gathering and sharing of information in ways that improve equity and effective implementation of SLFRF-funded programs and programs that respond to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts, or which households, small businesses, or impacted industries are accessing during the pandemic that are funded by other sources. These methods include but are not limited to community meetings, online surveys, focus groups, human-centered design activities, behavioral science techniques, and other community engagement tools. •Capacity building resources to support using data and evidence in designing, executing, and evaluating programs, including hiring public sector staff, contractors, academics, consultants, and others with expertise in evaluation, data, technology, and community engagement as well as technical assistance support for public sector staff, staff of subrecipients, and community partners to support effective implementation of SLFRF-funded programs and programs that respond to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts, or which households, small businesses, or impacted industries are accessing during the pandemic that are funded by other sources. Administrative Needs Caused or Exacerbated by the Pandemic As described in guidance and the interim final rule, SLFRF funds may be used to address administrative needs of recipient governments that were caused or exacerbated by the pandemic. Guidance following the interim final rule included several examples of this, for example, uses of funds to address backlogs resulting from pandemic- related shutdowns (e.g., backlogs in court systems).249 This also includes VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4389 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations resolution, and other expenses to expedite case resolution are eligible uses.’’ using funds for increased repair or maintenance needs to respond to significantly greater use of public facilities during the pandemic (e.g., increased use of parks resulting in damage or increased need for maintenance). Some commenters expressed support for the ability to use funds for these purposes. Treasury is maintaining these enumerated eligible uses in the final rule and clarifying that capital expenditures such as technology infrastructure to adapt government operations to the pandemic (e.g., video- conferencing software, improvements to case management systems or data sharing resources), reduce government backlogs, or meet increased maintenance needs are eligible. b. Capital Expenditures The interim final rule expressly permitted use of funds for a limited number of capital expenditures that mostly pertained to COVID–19 prevention and mitigation. These included capital investments in public facilities to meet pandemic operational needs, such as physical plant improvements to public hospitals and health clinics; adaptations to public buildings to implement COVID–19 mitigation tactics; ventilation improvements in congregate settings, health care settings, or other key locations; assistance to small businesses and nonprofits and aid to impacted industries to implement COVID–19 prevention or mitigation tactics, such as physical plant changes to enable social distancing. For disproportionately impacted populations and communities, the interim final rule also expressly permitted development of affordable housing to increase the supply of affordable and high-quality living units. Public Comment: Many commenters supported the interim final rule’s allowance of capital expenditures in facilities to meet pandemic operational needs but requested that the final rule explicitly allow for a broader range of capital expenditures. Commenters expressed an interest in investing in equipment, real property, and facilities that they argued will yield lasting benefits beyond the SLFRF period of performance. Some commenters stated that the approach in the interim final rule limited the vast majority of capital expenditures to governments that experienced revenue loss under Sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C) and that this approach may prevent some governments from fully meeting the needs of their residents. A few commenters argued that Treasury should limit use of funds on capital expenditures not related to addressing a direct pandemic harm, such as general economic development or workforce development, and some expressed support for generally limiting capital expenditures to those that address the needs of low-income communities and communities of color. Many commenters requested that capital expenditures related to direct COVID–19 public health response be included as enumerated eligible uses. The requested types of expenditures include improvements and construction of hospitals and health clinics (including behavioral health clinics), as well as other health-related infrastructure improvements, such as improvements to medical equipment or public health information technology. These commenters stated that investments in health and public health systems are vital to ensuring critical infrastructure necessary to respond to continued impacts of COVID–19 or to address disparities in health, due to lack of access to health care, that contributed to disproportionate impacts of COVID– 19 on some communities. Further, some commenters requested that construction or improvements of emergency management and public safety facilities be deemed eligible, citing that some of these sites serve as remote vaccination sites or are otherwise crucial to the pandemic public health response. Commenters also requested use of funds for capital expenditures that support community needs apart from health care, such as new construction or improvements to schools, affordable housing (beyond presumed disproportionately impacted communities), childcare facilities, and community centers; some suggested that all types of projects permissible under the Community Development Block Grant Program should be eligible both for policy and administrability reasons. Further, some commenters also asked for clarification as to whether parks and recreational facilities are eligible if built in certain disproportionately impacted areas, as well as public transportation infrastructure. Finally, some commenters also requested use of funds for capital expenditures in government administration buildings, such as public courthouses, as well as technology infrastructure that would allow for remote delivery of public benefits. Others also asked about whether funds could be used to renovate vacant business district buildings or commercial spaces to spur economic recovery. Treasury Response: Capital expenditures, in certain cases, can be appropriate responses to the public health and economic impacts of the pandemic, in addition to programs and services. Like other eligible uses of SLFRF funds in this category, capital expenditures should be a related and reasonably proportional response to a public health or negative economic impact of the pandemic. The final rule clarifies and expands how SLFRF funds may be used for certain capital expenditures, including criteria and documentation requirements specified in this section, as applicable. Treasury provides presumptions and guidelines for capital expenditures that are enumerated earlier in sections Public Health, Negative Economic Impacts, and General Provisions: Other under the Public Health and Negative Economic Impact eligible use category (‘‘enumerated projects’’), along with capital expenditures beyond those enumerated by Treasury. In addition to satisfying the two-part framework in Standards: Designating a Public Health Impact and Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact for identifying and designing a response to a pandemic harm, Treasury will require projects with total expected capital expenditure costs of $1 million or greater to undergo additional analysis to justify their capital expenditure. Increased reporting requirements will be required for projects that are larger in size, as well as projects that are not enumerated as eligible by Treasury, with certain exceptions for Tribal governments discussed below. Smaller projects with total expected capital expenditures below $1 million will not be required to undergo additional analysis to justify their capital expenditure, as such projects will be presumed to be reasonably proportional, provided that they are responding to a harm caused or exacerbated by the public health emergency. These standards and documentation requirements are designed to minimize administrative burden while also ensuring that projects are reasonably proportional and supporting Treasury’s risk-based approach to overall program management and monitoring. This section provides (1) an overview of general standards governing capital expenditures; (2) presumptions on capital expenditures, which help guide recipients in determining whether the expenditure meets the standards and the associated documentation requirements; and (3) additional standards and requirements that may apply. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4390 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 250 See 25 U.S.C. 5108. Overview of General Standards In considering whether a capital expenditure would be eligible under the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category, recipients must satisfy the requirements for all uses under the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category, including identifying an impact or harm and designing a response that addresses or responds to the identified impact or harm. Responses must be reasonably designed to benefit the individual or class that experienced the impact or harm and must be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of impact or harm. Recipients should consult further details on this standard provided in the sections Standards: Designating a Public Health Impact and Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact under General Provisions: Structure and Standards. In addition to the framework described above, for projects with total expected capital expenditures of $1 million or greater, recipients must complete and meet the substantive requirements of a Written Justification for their capital expenditure, except for Tribal governments as discussed below. This Written Justification helps clarify the application of this interpretive framework to capital expenditures, while recognizing that the needs of communities differ. In particular, this justification reflects the fact that the time required for a large construction project may make capital expenditures less responsive to pandemic-related needs relative to other types of responses. In addition, as discussed in section Timeline for Use of SLFRF Funds of this Supplemental Information, SLFRF funds must be obligated by December 31, 2024 and expended by December 31, 2026. Capital expenditures may involve long lead-times, and the Written Justification may support recipients in analyzing proposed capital expenditures to confirm that they conform to the obligation and expenditure timing requirements. Further, such large projects may be less likely to be reasonably proportional to the harm identified. For example, construction of a new, larger public facility for the purpose of increasing the ability to socially distance generally would not be considered a reasonably proportional response compared to other less time- and resource-intensive options that may be available and would be equally or more effective. Other solutions, such as improvements in ventilation, could be made more quickly and are typically more cost effective than construction of a new, larger facility. The needs of communities differ, and recipients are responsible for identifying uses of SLFRF funds that best respond to these needs. The Written Justification recognizes this while also establishing consistent documentation and reporting to support monitoring and compliance with the ARPA and final rule. Finally, the Written Justification also reflects the fact that infrastructure projects are generally not within scope of this eligible use category. See section Uses Outside the Scope of this Category in General Provisions: Other. As noted above, Tribal governments are not required to complete the Written Justification for projects with total capital expenditures of $1 million or greater. Tribal governments generally have limited administrative capacity due to their small size and corresponding limited ability to supplement staffing for short-term programs. In addition, Tribal governments are already subject to unique considerations that require additional administrative processes and administrative burden for Tribal government decision making, including capital expenditures. Tribal governments generally are subject to a jurisdictionally complex sets of rules and regulations in the case of improvements to land for which the title is held in trust by the United States for a Tribe (Tribal Trust Lands).250 This includes the requirement in certain circumstances to seek the input or approval of one or more federal agencies such the Department of the Interior, which holds fee title of Tribal Trust Lands. As a result of their limited administrative capacity and unique and complex rules and regulations applicable to Tribal governments operating on Tribal Trust Lands, Tribal governments would experience significant and redundant administrative burden by also being required to complete a Written Justification for applicable capital expenditures. While Tribal governments are not required to complete the Written Justification for applicable capital expenditures, the associated substantive requirements continue to apply, including the requirement that a capital expenditure must be reasonably designed to benefit the individual or class that experienced the identified impact or harm and must be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of impact or harm. Note that, as a general matter, Treasury may also request further information on SLFRF expenditures and projects, including capital expenditures, as part of the regular SLFRF reporting and compliance process, including to assess their eligibility under the final rule. The Written Justification should (1) describe the harm or need to be addressed; (2) explain why a capital expenditure is appropriate to address the harm or need; and (3) compare the proposed capital expenditure against alternative capital expenditures that could be made. The information required for the Written Justification reflects the framework applicable to all uses under the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category, providing justification for the reasonable design, relatedness, and reasonable proportionality of the capital expenditure in response to the harm or impact identified. 1. Description of harm or need to be addressed: Recipients should provide a description of the specific harm or need to be addressed, and why the harm was exacerbated or caused by the public health emergency. When appropriate, recipients may provide quantitative information on the extent and type of the harm, such as the number of individuals or entities affected. 2. Explanation of why a capital expenditure is appropriate: Recipients should provide an independent assessment demonstrating why a capital expenditure is appropriate to address the specified harm or need. This should include an explanation of why existing capital equipment, property, or facilities would be inadequate to addressing the harm or need and why policy changes or additional funding to pertinent programs or services would be insufficient without the corresponding capital expenditures. Recipients are not required to demonstrate that the harm or need would be irremediable but for the additional capital expenditure; rather, they may show that other interventions would be inefficient, costly, or otherwise not reasonably designed to remedy the harm without additional capital expenditure. 3. Comparison of the proposed capital expenditure against alternative capital expenditures: Recipients should provide an objective comparison of the proposed capital expenditure against at least two alternative capital expenditures and demonstrate why their proposed capital expenditure is superior to alternative capital expenditures that could be made. Specifically, recipients should assess the proposed capital expenditure against at least two alternative types or sizes of capital expenditures that are potentially effective and reasonably VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4391 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 251 See, e.g., ‘‘Economic Perspectives on Incarceration and the Criminal Justice System,’’ Council of Economic Advisers (April 2016), pg. 36– 43. 252 For instance, the CDC has published detailed recommendations for nursing homes, long-term care facilities, and correctional and detention facilities, on infection prevention and control. Many of these recommendations are relatively low cost, such as proper use of PPE. In addition, increasing vaccination rates among nursing home staff is among the most important ways to decrease the spread of the disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations to Prevent SARS–CoV– 2 Spread in Nursing Homes (September 10, 2021), https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/ long-term-care.html#anchor_1631030153017. 253 For instance, researchers have found no consistent positive relationship between building sports facilities and local economic development. As Siegfried and Zimbalist (2000, 103) write in a review of the literature, ‘‘independent work on the economic impact of stadiums and arenas has uniformly found that there is no statistically significant positive correlation between sports facility construction and economic development.’’ John Siegfried and Andrew Zimbalist, The Economics of Sports Facilities and Their Communities, Journal of Economic Perspectives 14, no. 3 (Summer 2000): 95–114, https:// www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.14.3.95. feasible. Where relevant, recipients should compare the proposal against the alternative of improving existing capital assets already owned or leasing other capital assets. Recipients should use quantitative data when available, although they are encouraged to supplement with qualitative information and narrative description. Recipients that complete analyses with minimal or no quantitative data should provide an explanation for doing so. In determining whether their proposed capital expenditure is superior to alternative capital expenditures, recipients should consider the following factors against each selected alternative. a. A comparison of the effectiveness of the capital expenditures in addressing the harm identified. Recipients should generally consider the effectiveness of the capital expenditures in addressing the harm over the useful life of the capital asset and may consider metrics such as the number of impacted or disproportionately impacted individuals or entities served, when such individuals or entities are estimated to be served, the relative time horizons of the project, and consideration of any uncertainties or risks involved with the capital expenditure. b. A comparison of the expected total cost of the capital expenditures. Recipients should consider the expected total cost of the capital expenditure required to construct, purchase, install, or improve the capital assets intended to address the public health or negative economic impact of the public health emergency. Recipients should include pre-development costs in their calculation and may choose to include information on ongoing operational costs, although this information is not required. Recipients should balance the effectiveness and costs of the proposed capital expenditure against alternatives and demonstrate that their proposed capital expenditure is superior. Further, recipients should choose the most cost- effective option unless it substantively reduces the effectiveness of the capital investment in addressing the harm identified. As an example, a recipient considering building a new diagnostic testing laboratory to enhance COVID–19 testing capacity may consider whether existing laboratories sufficiently meet demand for COVID–19 testing, considering the demand for test results (along with their turnaround time) as well as the impact of current testing availability on the spread of COVID–19. Recipients may also consider other public health impacts of the level of diagnostic testing capacity, for example if insufficient capacity has decreased testing for other health conditions. The recipient may consider alternatives such as expanding existing laboratories or building a laboratory of a different size. In comparing the effectiveness of the capital expenditures, examples of factors that the recipient may consider include when the facilities will become operational and for how long; the daily throughput of COVID–19 tests; and the effect on minimizing delays in test results on the populations that such tests will serve. In comparing costs, the recipient may compare the total expected cost of the new laboratory (including costs of acquisition of real property, construction of the laboratory, and purchase of any necessary equipment needed to operationalize the lab), against the expected costs of expanding existing laboratories (whether by replacing current equipment with higher throughout devices or physically expanding space to accommodate additional capacity) or building a new laboratory of a different size, including by leasing property. As a reminder, recipients should only consider alternatives that are potentially effective and reasonably feasible. Because, in all cases, uses of SLFRF funds to respond to public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic must be related and reasonably proportional to a harm caused or exacerbated by the pandemic, some capital expenditures may not eligible. For example, constructing a new correctional facility would generally not be a proportional response to an increase in the rate of certain crimes or overall crime as most correctional facilities have historically accommodated fluctuations in occupancy.251 In addition, construction of new congregate facilities, which would generally be expected to involve expenditures greater than $1 million, would generally not be a proportional response to mitigate or prevent COVID– 19, because such construction is generally expected to be more costly than alternative approaches or capital expenditures that may be equally or more effective in decreasing spread of the disease.252 These alternatives include personal protective equipment, ventilation improvements, utilizing excess capacity in other facilities or wings, or temporary facility capacity expansions. Large capital expenditures intended for general economic development or to aid the travel, tourism, and hospitality industries—such as convention centers and stadiums—are, on balance, generally not reasonably proportional to addressing the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, as the efficacy of a large capital expenditure intended for general economic development in remedying pandemic harms may be very limited compared to its cost.253 Presumptions on Capital Expenditures For administrative convenience, the final rule provides presumptions on whether a Written Justification is required—and required to be submitted to Treasury through reporting—based on the type and size of the capital expenditure, as detailed in the table below. As discussed above, Tribal governments are not required to complete the Written Justification for applicable capital expenditures, but the associated substantive requirements continue to apply, including the requirement that a capital expenditure must be reasonably designed to benefit the individual or class that experienced the identified impact or harm and must be related and reasonably proportional to the extent and type of impact or harm. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4392 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 254 Whether or not a Written Justification is required, recipients should still determine that the response is related and reasonably proportional to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts. Treasury recognizes that enumerated eligible uses are ‘‘related’’ to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts and presumed to be reasonably proportional, except recipients pursuing projects with expected total capital expenditures equal to or greater than $1 million should still independently determine that the expenditures are a reasonably proportional response. Enumerated projects with total expected capital expenditures under $1 million receive a safe harbor and deemed to meet the related and reasonably proportional standard. 255 Whether or not a Written Justification is required, recipients should still determine that the response is related and reasonably proportional to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts. Treasury presumes that projects with total expected capital expenditures under $1 million are reasonably proportional in size to responding to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts; however, recipients should determine that the response otherwise meets the requirements of the standard, including that the response is related to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts. If a project has total expected cap- ital expenditures of and the use is enumerated by Treasury as eligible, then 254 and the use is beyond those enumerated by Treas- ury as eligible, then 255 Less than $1 million ........................ No Written Justification required ............................... No Written Justification required. Greater than or equal to $1 million, but less than $10 million. Written Justification required but recipients are not required to submit as part of regular reporting to Treasury. Written Justification required and recipients must submit as part of regular reporting to Treasury. $10 million or more ......................... Written Justification required and recipients must submit as part of regular reporting to Treasury. In selecting these thresholds, Treasury recognized that capital expenditures vary widely in size and therefore would benefit from tiered treatment to implement eligibility standards while minimizing administrative burden, especially for smaller projects. For example, Treasury selected $1 million as a threshold for whether a recipient needs to complete a Written Justification as well as a threshold under which capital expenditures would be presumed reasonably proportional. Treasury estimates that $1 million would encapsulate the costs of a significant portion of equipment or small renovations. These types of smaller projects are often a necessary and reasonably proportional part of a response to the public health emergency; therefore, the $1 million threshold provides a simplified pathway to complete smaller projects more likely to meet the eligibility standard. At the same time, Treasury selected $10 million as the threshold for more intensive reporting requirements, estimating that projects larger than $10 million would likely constitute significant improvements or construction of mid- or large-sized facilities. As discussed above, given their scale and longer time to completion, these types of larger projects may be less likely to be reasonably proportional responses. The $10 million threshold also generally aligns with thresholds in other parts of the SLFRF program, such as for enhanced reporting on labor practices. Expenditures from closely related activities directed toward a common purpose are considered part of the scope of one project. These expenditures can include capital expenditures, as well as expenditures on related programs, services, or other interventions. A project includes expenditures that are interdependent (e.g., acquisition of land, construction of the school on the land, and purchase of school equipment), or are of the same or similar type and would be utilized for a common purpose (e.g., acquisition of a fleet of ambulances that would be used for COVID–19 emergency response). Recipients must not segment a larger project into smaller projects in order to evade review. A recipient undertaking a set of identical or similar projects (e.g., development of a number of new affordable housing complexes across the recipient jurisdiction) may complete one Written Justification comprehensively addressing the entire set of projects. Projects Enumerated as Eligible by Treasury Under the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category, the final rule provides a non-exclusive list of eligible uses of funding for projects that respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts. Treasury has determined that these enumerated projects are related to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts; however, recipients (other than Tribal governments) undertaking these projects with total expected capital expenditures of $1 million or greater must still complete and meet the substantive requirements of a Written Justification as part of their demonstration that the project is a related and reasonably proportional response to the harm identified. •Projects with total expected capital expenditures of under $1 million: Treasury provides a safe harbor for projects with total expected capital expenditures of less than $1 million and will not require recipients to complete, submit, or meet the substantive requirements of a Written Justification for the capital expenditure. In essence, recipients may pursue an enumerated project with total expected capital expenditures of under $1 million without having to undergo additional assessments to meet SLFRF requirements. •Projects with total expected capital expenditures of at least $1 million but under $10 million: Recipients should complete a Written Justification for the capital expenditure and make an independent assessment of whether their proposed capital expenditure meets the substantive requirements of the Written Justification. Recipients will not be required to submit the Written Justification as part of regular reporting to Treasury but should keep documentation for their records. •Projects with total expected capital expenditures of at least $10 million: Similar to the above, recipients should complete a Written Justification of the capital expenditure and make an independent assessment of whether their proposed capital expenditure meets the substantive requirements of the Written Justification. Further, recipients will be asked to submit the Written Justification as part of regular reporting to Treasury. Similar to other parts of the SLFRF program, such as on reporting on labor practices, Treasury recognizes that projects with expected total capital expenditures of at least $10 million may be less likely to meet eligibility requirements and therefore requires recipients to provide an enhanced level of information to Treasury. Projects Beyond Those Enumerated as Eligible by Treasury As with all uses, recipients that undertake capital expenditures beyond those enumerated as eligible by Treasury must meet the two-part framework under Standards: Designating a Public Health Impact and Standards: Designating a Negative Economic Impact under General Provisions: Structure and Standards, VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4393 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations including the requirement that responses are related and reasonably proportional to the harm or impact identified. As part of that assessment, these recipients may also be asked to complete a Written Justification. Recipients (other than Tribal governments) are subject to the following presumptions for the Written Justification of the capital expenditure, based on the total expected capital expenditures of the project: •Projects with total expected capital expenditures of under $1 million: Treasury provides a safe harbor for unenumerated projects with total expected capital expenditures of under $1 million and will not require recipients to complete, submit, or meet the substantive requirements of a Written Justification of the capital expenditure. Recipients should still make a determination as to whether the capital expenditure is part of a response that is related and reasonably proportional to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts. •Projects with total expected capital expenditures of $1 million or over: Recipients should complete a Written Justification of the capital expenditure and make an independent assessment that their proposed capital expenditure meets the substantive requirements of the Written Justification. Further, recipients will be asked to submit the Written Justification as part of regular reporting to Treasury. Treasury employs a risk-based approach to overall program management and monitoring, which may result in heightened scrutiny on larger projects. Accordingly, recipients pursuing projects with larger capital expenditures should complete more detailed analyses for their Written Justification, commensurate with the scale of the project. Additional Provisions, Standards, and Definitions Strong Labor Standards in Construction Treasury encourages recipients to carry out projects in ways that produce high-quality work, avert disruptive and costly delays, and promote efficiency. Treasury encourages recipients to use strong labor standards, including project labor agreements (PLAs) and community benefits agreements that offer wages at or above the prevailing rate and include local hire provisions. Treasury also recommends that recipients prioritize in their procurement decisions employers who can demonstrate that their workforce meets high safety and training standards (e.g., professional certification, licensure, and/or robust in-house training), that hire local workers and/or workers from historically underserved communities, and who directly employ their workforce or have policies and practices in place to ensure contractors and subcontractors meet high labor standards. Treasury further encourages recipients to prioritize employers (including contractors and subcontractors) without recent violations of federal and state labor and employment laws. Treasury believes that such practices will promote effective and efficient delivery of high-quality projects and support the economic recovery through strong employment opportunities for workers. Such practices will reduce likelihood of potential project challenges like work stoppages or safety accidents, while ensuring a reliable supply of skilled labor and minimizing disruptions, such as those associated with labor disputes or workplace injuries. That will, in turn, promote on- time and on-budget delivery. Furthermore, among other requirements contained in 2 CFR 200, Appendix II, all contracts made by a recipient or subrecipient in excess of $100,000 with respect to a capital expenditure that involve employment of mechanics or laborers must include a provision for compliance with certain provisions of the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, 40 U.S.C. 3702 and 3704, as supplemented by Department of Labor regulations (29 CFR part 5). Treasury will seek information from recipients on their workforce plans and practices related to capital expenditures undertaken under the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category with SLFRF funds. This reporting will support transparency and competition by enhancing available information on the services being provided. Environmental, Uniform Guidance, and Other Generally Applicable Requirements Treasury cautions that, as is the case with all projects using SLFRF funds, all projects must comply with applicable federal, state, and local law. In the case of capital expenditures in particular, this includes environmental and permitting laws and regulations. Likewise, as with all capital expenditure projects using the SLFRF funds, projects must be completed in a manner that is technically sound, meaning that it must meet design and construction methods and use materials that are approved, codified, recognized, fall under standard or acceptable levels of practice, or otherwise are determined to be generally acceptable by the design and construction industry. Further, as with all other uses of funds under the SLFRF program, the Uniform Guidance at 2 CFR part 200 applies to capital expenditures unless stated otherwise. Importantly, this includes 2 CFR part 200 Subpart D on post-federal award requirements, including property standards pertaining to insurance coverage, real property, and equipment; procurement standards; sub-recipient monitoring and management; and record retention and access. Definitions Treasury adopts several definitions from the Uniform Guidance at 2 CFR 200.1 under this section, including for capital expenditures, capital assets, equipment, and supplies. Per the Uniform Guidance, the term ‘‘capital expenditures’’ means ‘‘expenditures to acquire capital assets or expenditures to make additions, improvements, modifications, replacements, rearrangements, reinstallations, renovations, or alterations to capital assets that materially increase their value or useful life.’’ The term ‘‘capital assets’’ means ‘‘tangible or intangible assets used in operations having a useful life of more than one year which are capitalized in accordance with [Generally Accepted Accounting Principles].’’ Capital assets include lands, facilities, equipment, and intellectual property. Equipment means ‘‘tangible personal property (including information technology systems) having a useful life of more than one year and a per-unit acquisition cost which equals or exceeds the lesser of the capitalization level established by the non-Federal entity for financial statement purposes, or $5,000.’’ Supplies, which means all tangible personal property other than those included as ‘‘equipment,’’ are not considered capital expenditures. Recipients may also use SLFRF funds for pre-project development costs that are tied to or reasonably expected to lead to an eligible capital expenditure. For example, pre-project costs associated with planning and engineering for an eligible project are considered an eligible use of funds. c. Distinguishing Subrecipients Versus Beneficiaries Under the interim final rule, state, local, and Tribal governments that receive a federal award directly from a federal awarding agency, such as Treasury, are designated as ‘‘recipients,’’ VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4394 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 256 In this context, a pass-through entity means a recipient of SLFRF funds. and state, local, and Tribal governments are authorized to transfer funds to other entities, including private entities like nonprofits. The interim final rule stated that, ‘‘[a] transferee receiving a transfer from a recipient under sections 602(c)(3) and 603(c)(3) will be a subrecipient. Subrecipients are entities that receive a subaward from a recipient to carry out a program or project on behalf of the recipient with the recipient’s Federal award funding.’’ For funds transferred to a subrecipient, the interim final rule noted that ‘‘[r]ecipients continue to be responsible for monitoring and overseeing the subrecipient’s use of SLFRF funds and other activities related to the award to ensure that the subrecipient complies with the statutory and regulatory requirements and the terms and conditions of the award. Recipients also remain responsible for reporting to Treasury on their subrecipients’ use of payments from the SLFRF funds for the duration of the award.’’ Public Comment: Treasury received many comments requesting clarification about which entities qualify as subrecipients and are, in turn, subject to subrecipient monitoring and reporting requirements. For example, commenters sought clarification about whether a nonprofit that received a grant to provide services under a program to carry out an enumerated eligible use would qualify as a subrecipient and be subject to subrecipient monitoring and reporting requirements. Similarly, commenters also wondered if a nonprofit that received a grant in recognition of experiencing a negative economic impact of the public health emergency would also be a subrecipient and subject to subrecipient reporting requirements. Treasury Response: Treasury is clarifying the distinction between a subrecipient and beneficiary in the final rule. The Uniform Guidance definitions for subaward and subrecipient inform Treasury’s distinction between subrecipients and beneficiaries. First, per 2 CFR 200.1 of Uniform Guidance ‘‘[s]ubaward means an award provided by a pass-through entity 256 to a subrecipient for the subrecipient to carry out part of a Federal award received by the pass-through entity. It does not include payments to a contractor or payments to an individual that is a beneficiary of a Federal program. A subaward may be provided through any form of legal agreement, including an agreement that the pass- through entity considers a contract.’’ Further, 2 CFR 200.1 of the Uniform Guidance defines a subrecipient, in that ‘‘[s]ubrecipient means an entity, usually but not limited to non-Federal entities, that receives a subaward from a pass- through entity to carry out part of a Federal award; but does not include an individual that is a beneficiary of such award. A subrecipient may also be a recipient of other Federal awards directly from a Federal awarding agency.’’ Treasury is aligning the definition of subrecipient in the final rule with the definition of subrecipient in the Uniform Guidance. Treasury is maintaining the monitoring and subrecipient reporting requirements outlined in the final rule. Per 2 CFR 200.101 (b)(2) of the Uniform Guidance, the terms and conditions of federal awards flow down to subawards to subrecipients. Therefore, non-federal entities, as defined in the Uniform Guidance, must comply with the applicable requirements in the Uniform Guidance regardless of whether the non- federal entity is a recipient or subrecipient of a federal award. This includes requirements such as the treatment of eligible uses of funds, procurement, and reporting requirements. The Uniform Guidance definitions for both subaward and subrecipient specify that payments to individuals or entities that are direct beneficiaries of a federal award are not considered subrecipients. The final rule adopts this definition of a beneficiary and outlines that households, communities, small businesses, nonprofits, and impacted industries are all potential beneficiaries of projects carried out with SLFRF funds. Beneficiaries are not subject to the requirements placed on subrecipients in the Uniform Guidance, including audit pursuant to the Single Audit Act and 2 CFR part 200, subpart F or subrecipient reporting requirements. The distinction between a subrecipient and a beneficiary, therefore, is contingent upon the rationale for why a recipient is providing funds to the individual or entity. If the recipient is providing funds to the individual or entity for the purpose of carrying out a SLFRF program or project on behalf of the recipient, the individual or entity is acting as a subrecipient. Acting as a subrecipient, the individual or entity is subject to subrecipient monitoring and reporting requirements. Conversely, if the recipient is providing funds to the individual or entity for the purpose of directly benefitting the individual or entity as a result of experiencing a public health impact or negative economic impact of the pandemic, the individual or entity is acting as a beneficiary. Acting as a beneficiary, the individual or entity is not subject to subrecipient monitoring and reporting requirements. d. Uses Outside the Scope of This Category Summary of the Interim Final Rule and Final Rule Structure In the interim final rule, Treasury noted that certain uses of funds are not permissible under the eligible use category of responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. In the final rule, these uses remain impermissible, but Treasury has re-categorized where they are addressed to increase clarity. Specifically, the interim final rule provided that the following uses of funds are not eligible under this eligible use category: Contributions to rainy day funds, financial reserves, or similar funds; payment of interest or principal on outstanding debt instruments; fees or issuance costs associated with the issuance of new debt; and satisfaction of any obligation arising under or pursuant to a settlement agreement, judgment, consent decree, or judicially confirmed debt restructuring plan in a judicial, administrative, or regulatory proceeding, except to the extent the judgment or settlement requires the provision of services that would respond to the COVID–19 public health emergency. These uses of funds remain ineligible under the final rule; Treasury has re-categorized these issues to the section Restrictions on Use, which describes restrictions that apply to all eligible use categories, to clarify that these uses are not eligible under any eligible use category of SLFRF. Treasury responds to public comments on this issue in the section Restrictions on Use. As noted above, the interim final rule also posed several questions on what other types of services or costs Treasury should consider as eligible uses to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of COVID– 19, including in disproportionately impacted communities. In this section, Treasury addresses proposed uses of funds suggested by commenters that Treasury has not included as enumerated eligible uses of funds in this eligible use category. General Eligible Uses Public Comment: Commenters proposed a wide variety of additional recommended enumerated eligible uses VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4395 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations in all sections of the public health and negative economic impacts eligible use category, including in impacted and disproportionately impacted communities. The proposed additional uses included general categories of services (e.g., legal and social services, long-term investments to remediate long-term disparities, response to natural disasters). Other suggested uses of funds respond to needs widely experienced across the country (e.g., access to and affordability of health insurance). Finally, other suggested uses of funds were highly specific (e.g., healthcare equipment for a specific health condition, fire hydrants, weather alert systems) or most applicable to the particularized needs to certain populations or geographic areas of the United States (e.g., senior citizens, immigrants, formerly incarcerated individuals, responding to environmental issues in certain geographic regions). Other commenters generally requested a high degree of flexibility to respond to the particular needs of their communities. Treasury Response: Given the large number and diversity of SLFRF recipients, Treasury has aimed to include as enumerated eligible uses programs, services, and capital expenditures that respond to public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic experienced widely in many jurisdictions across the country, making it clear and simple for recipients to pursue these enumerated eligible uses under the final rule. This provides enumerated eligible uses that many recipients may want to pursue, while including uses that are responsive to the pandemic’s impacts across the diverse range of SLFRF recipients. In the final rule, Treasury has clarified several additional uses that generally respond to pandemic impacts experienced broadly across jurisdictions and populations. Treasury has not chosen to include as enumerated uses all uses proposed by commenters; given the significant range, and in some cases highly specific nature, of the proposed uses Treasury was not able to assess that the proposed uses would respond to negative economic impacts experienced generally across the country, supporting an enumerated eligible use available to all recipients presumptively. However, Treasury emphasizes that the enumerated eligible uses are non- exhaustive and that other uses, beyond those enumerated, are eligible. Treasury recognizes that the impacts of the pandemic vary over time, by jurisdiction, and by population; as such, the final rule provides flexibility for recipients to identify other public health or negative economic impacts to additional households, small businesses, or nonprofits, including classes of these entities, and pursue programs and services that respond to those impacts. Treasury also notes that some populations are presumed to be impacted or disproportionately impacted by the pandemic, and thus eligible for responsive services; these presumed eligible populations may encompass many individuals in the specific populations for whom commenters recommended services. For details on these issues, see section General Provisions: Structure and Standards. Infrastructure, Community Development, and General Economic Development Some potential additions to enumerated eligible uses were also recommended by several commenters each but are not included as enumerated eligible uses in the final rule. Public Comment: Infrastructure: In the interim final rule, Treasury noted that a ‘‘general infrastructure project, for example, typically would not be included [in this eligible use category] unless the project responded to a specific pandemic public health need.’’ Numerous commenters requested that Treasury permit investments in infrastructure as a response to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. While these comments most commonly recommended that constructing and maintaining roads and surface transportation infrastructure be eligible, the proposed uses for infrastructure ranged widely and included parking lots, bridges, traffic management infrastructure, solid waste disposal facilities, and utility infrastructure (outside of water, sewer, and broadband). Many commenters argued that infrastructure development and maintenance is a pressing need in their communities and that their communities had less need for water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure or other eligible uses to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Other commenters argued that these uses would stimulate the economy, attract businesses, or allow for tourist movement; these commenters argued that, by generally supporting a stronger economy or facilitating conditions that are more conducive to business activity and tourism, these uses respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining the approach under the interim final rule that general infrastructure projects, including roads, streets, and surface transportation infrastructure, would generally not be eligible, unless the project responded to a specific pandemic public health need or a specific negative economic impact. The ARPA expressly includes infrastructure if it is ‘‘necessary’’ and in water, sewer, or broadband, suggesting that the statute contemplates only those types of infrastructure. Further, responding to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic requires identifying whether, and the extent to which, there has been a harm that resulted from the COVID– 19 public health emergency and whether, and the extent to which, the use would respond or address this harm. Uses of funds intended to generally grow the economy and therefore enhance opportunities for workers and businesses would not be an eligible use, because such assistance is not reasonably designed to impact individuals or classes that have been identified as having experienced a negative economic impact. In other words, there is not a reasonable connection between the assistance provided and an impact on the beneficiaries. Such an activity would be attenuated from and thus not reasonably designed to benefit the households that experienced the negative economic impact. Note, however, that Treasury has clarified that capital expenditures that are related and reasonably proportional to responding to the public health and economic impacts of the pandemic are eligible uses of funds, in addition to programs and services; for details on eligibility criteria for capital expenditures, see section Capital Expenditures in General Provisions: Other. Public Comment: Community Development Block Grant: Several commenters recommended that Treasury enumerate as eligible uses those eligible under the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) or the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, which established the CDBG program. Commenters requested that these uses be eligible either to respond to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic, or in the alternate the disproportionate negative economic impacts of the pandemic in certain communities. Under the CDBG program, recipient governments may undertake a wide range of community and economic VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4396 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 257 See, e.g., Matthew D. Mitchell et al., The Economics of a Targeted Economic Development Subsidy (Arlington, VA: Mercatus Center at George Mason University, 2019), 5, available at https:// www.mercatus.org/publications/government- spending/economics-targeted-economic- development-subsidy; Timothy J. Bartik, Who Benefits from Economic Development Incentives? How Incentive Effects on Local Incomes and the Income Distribution Vary with Different Assumptions about Incentive Policy and the Local Economy (Upjohn Institute Technical Report No. 13–034, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, March 1, 2018), available at: https:// research.upjohn.org/up_technicalreports/34/; Cailin Slattery and Owen Zidar, Evaluating State and Local Business Tax Incentives, Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 2 (2020): 90–118, available at: https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/ jep.34.2.90; Kenneth Thomas, The State of State and Local Subsidies to Business (Mercatus Policy Brief, Mercatus Center at George Mason University, Arlington, VA, October 2019), available at: https:// www.mercatus.org/system/files/thomas_-_policy_ brief_-_the_state_of_state_and_local_subsidies_to_ business_-_v1.pdf; Dennis Coates, Growth Effects of Sports Franchises, Stadiums, and Arenas: 15 Years Later (Mercatus Working Paper, Mercatus Center at George Mason University, Arlington, VA, September 2015), available at: https:// www.mercatus.org/system/files/Coates-Sports- Franchises.pdf; Dennis Coates and Brad R. Humphreys, Do Economists Reach a Conclusion on Subsidies for Sports Franchises, Stadiums, and Mega-Events?, Econ Journal Watch 5, no. 3 (2008): 294–315, available at: https://econjwatch.org/ articles/do-economists-reach-a-conclusion-on- subsidies-for-sports-franchises-stadiums-and-mega- events; Matthew D. Mitchell, Daniel Sutter, and Scott Eastman, The Political Economy of Targeted Economic Development Incentives, Review of Regional Studies 48, no. 1 (2018): 1–9, available at: https://www.mercatus.org/publications/corporate- welfare/political-economy-targeted-economic- development-incentives. development services and projects. Commenters reasoned that many state and local governments are familiar with this program, and that aligning to its eligible uses may help recipients easily understand and pursue eligible projects. Commenters also noted that Treasury had chosen to align with existing federal programs in other eligible use categories, namely water infrastructure, in the interim final rule. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is not including all categories of projects permissible under CDBG as enumerated eligible uses to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic. Because CDBG permits such a broad range of activities, including services to individual households, communities, small businesses, general economic development activities, and capital expenditures, Treasury determined that it was more appropriate to assess the underlying types of projects eligible within CDBG and whether each type of project responds to the negative economic impacts of the pandemic. In other words, Treasury considered whether various types of community and economic development projects respond to the impacts of the pandemic in different communities and circumstances. In the final rule, Treasury addresses the eligibility of these various types of projects in each relevant eligible use category within public health and negative economic impacts under SLFRF, including assistance for impacted households, disproportionately impacted households, disproportionately impacted small businesses, and capital expenditures. Public Comment: General Economic Development: Treasury provided guidance following the interim final rule that general economic development or workforce development would generally not be eligible as it does not respond to a negative economic impact of the COVID–19 public health emergency. Some commenters recommended that Treasury expand enumerated eligible uses to include general economic development activities, beyond those that respond to negative economic impacts of the pandemic, such as creating an economic development strategy for the jurisdiction’s overall economic growth, creating a general workforce development strategy, or providing funds to businesses that did not experience negative economic impacts to carry out economic development activities or to incentivize the addition or retention of jobs. Commenters supportive of assistance to businesses for general economic development activities argued that subsidies to businesses increase job growth and that, in some cases, assistance to companies that excelled during the public health emergency would help create more job opportunities for workers or expand the jurisdiction’s tax base and produce funds to support government services. In contrast, other commenters argued that academic research consistently finds that economic development subsidies have a negligible, or even negative, economic effect, citing research findings to this effect.257 Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury maintains the interim final rule’s approach that general economic development or workforce development, meaning activities that do not respond to negative economic impacts of the pandemic and rather seek to more generally enhance the jurisdiction’s business climate, would generally not be eligible under this eligible use category. As noted above, to identify an eligible use of funds under this category, a recipient must identify a beneficiary or class of beneficiaries that experienced a harm or impact due to the pandemic, and eligible uses of funds must be reasonably designed to respond to the harm, benefit the beneficiaries that experienced it, and be related and reasonably proportional to that harm or impact. As noted above, recipients should analyze eligible uses based on the beneficiary of the assistance, and recipients may not provide assistance to small businesses or impacted industries that did not experience a negative economic impact. Provision of assistance to a business that did not experience a negative economic impact, under the theory that such assistance would generally grow the economy and therefore enhance opportunities for workers, would not be an eligible use, because such assistance is not reasonably designed to impact individuals or classes that have been identified as having experienced a negative economic impact. In other words, there is not a reasonable connection between the assistance provided and an impact on the beneficiaries. Such an activity would be attenuated from and thus not reasonably designed to benefit the households that experienced the negative economic impact. Research cited by some commenters finding that business subsidies have limited or negative economic impact also suggests that such a response may not be reasonably designed to benefit households and other entities impacted by the pandemic. Similarly, planning activities for an economic development or workforce strategy regarding general future economic growth do not provide a program, service, or capital expenditure that responds to negative economic impacts of the pandemic. However, Treasury notes that the final rule includes as enumerated eligible uses many types of assistance that respond to negative economic impacts of the pandemic and may produce economic development benefits. For example, see sections Assistance to Unemployed Workers, Assistance to Small Businesses, and Capital Expenditures. B. Premium Pay Background and Summary of the Interim Final Rule Sections 602(c)(1)(B) and 603(c)(1)(B) of the Social Security Act, as added by the ARPA, provide that SLFRF funds may be used ‘‘to respond to workers performing essential work during the COVID–19 public health emergency by providing premium pay to eligible workers of the . . . government that are performing such essential work, or by providing grants to eligible employers VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4397 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 258 See U.S. Department of Labor, Hazard Pay, https://www.dol.gov/general/topic/wages/ hazardpay (last visited October 18, 2021). 259 Economic Policy Institute, Only 30% of those working outside their home are receiving hazard pay (June 16, 2020), https://www.epi.org/press/only- 30-of-those-working-outside-their-home-are- receiving-hazard-pay-black-and-hispanic-workers- are-most-concerned-about-bringing-the- coronavirus-home/. 260 McCormack, supra note 65. 261 Id. 262 See H.R. 6800, 116th Cong. (2020). 263 Note that the sectors defined in the interim final rule already include all state, local, and Tribal government employees. that have eligible workers who perform essential work.’’ Premium pay is designed to compensate workers that, by virtue of their employment, were forced to take on additional burdens and make great personal sacrifices as a result of the COVID–19 pandemic. Premium pay can be thought of as hazard pay by another name.258 During the public health emergency, employers’ policies on COVID–19- related premium pay or hazard pay have varied widely, with many essential workers not yet compensated for the heightened risks they have faced and continue to face.259 Many of these workers earn lower wages on average and live in socioeconomically underserved communities as compared to the general population.260 A recent study found that 25 percent of essential workers were estimated to have low household income, with 13 percent in high-risk households.261 The low pay of many essential workers makes them less able to cope with the financial consequences of the pandemic or their work-related health risks. As Americans return to work and governments relax certain rules, essential workers will continue to bear the brunt of the risk of maintaining the ongoing operation of vital facilities and services. The added health risk to essential workers is one prominent way in which the pandemic has amplified pre-existing socioeconomic inequities. Premium pay is designed to address the disparity between the critical services provided by and the risks taken by essential workers and the relatively low compensation they tend to receive. The interim final rule established a three-part framework for recipients seeking to use SLFRF funds for premium pay. First, to receive premium pay one must be an eligible worker. Second, an eligible worker must also perform essential work. Finally, premium pay must respond to workers performing essential work during the COVID–19 public health emergency. Most of the comments received by Treasury pertaining to premium pay related to these three requirements. Comments also addressed the definition of premium pay generally and posed questions regarding premium pay program structuring. This section responds to the comments by addressing the three requirements in turn, then the overall definition of premium pay and, finally, program structure. Eligible Workers The ARPA defines ‘‘eligible workers’’ as ‘‘those workers needed to maintain continuity of operations of essential critical infrastructure sectors and additional sectors as each . . . [government] may designate as critical to protect the health and wellbeing of [its] residents.’’ The interim final rule supplemented this definition by identifying a list of ‘‘essential critical infrastructure sectors’’ whose workers are eligible workers, based on the list of sectors in the HEROES Act, a bill introduced in the House of Representatives in 2020 that would have provided premium pay to essential workers.262 In addition to the critical infrastructure sectors defined in the interim final rule, the chief executive (or equivalent) of a recipient government may designate additional non-public 263 sectors as critical so long as doing so is necessary to protecting the health and wellbeing of the residents of such jurisdiction. Public Comment: Treasury received multiple comments on the definition of ‘‘eligible worker’’ included in the interim final rule. Many commenters agreed with the definition of eligible worker adopted by Treasury. Other commenters sought clarification about or changes to the definition of eligible worker, including the definition of eligible sectors, the inclusion of government workers in the definition of eligible workers, and the process for designating additional non-public sectors as eligible. Some commenters asked Treasury to change how it identifies eligible sectors, including suggestions to add to or subtract from the list of eligible sectors. For example, some commenters asked Treasury to consider using Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)-Standard Occupational Classifications to identify specific sectors or occupations, in contrast to the approach taken in the interim final rule, which included a mixture of economic sectors, industries, and occupations. Many commenters asked Treasury to explicitly clarify that a particular industry or occupation is covered by the definition of ‘‘essential critical infrastructure sector.’’ Some of these commenters represented public employees, e.g., employees of facilities and public works; public utilities; courthouse employees; police, fire, and emergency medical services; and waste and wastewater services. Others were a mixture of public and private sector employees, e.g., coroners and medical examiners; transportation infrastructure (specifically electric vehicle infrastructure and supply equipment); electric utilities, natural gas, and steam supply; and grocery employees. Other commenters requested that Treasury prohibit certain occupations currently included in the eligible workers definition (e.g., police and corrections officers) from receiving premium pay for performance of regular duties. Commenters also asked Treasury to clarify which government workers are included in the definition of eligible workers. The interim final rule included as an essential critical infrastructure sector, ‘‘any work performed by an employee of a State, local, or Tribal government.’’ Some commenters requested that Treasury adopt a definition of eligible worker that includes all employees of the recipient government; however, all public employees of state, local, and Tribal governments are already included in the interim final rule definition of ‘‘eligible worker.’’ Commenters asked whether this includes governments that did not receive SLFRF funds (i.e., ‘‘non recipient governments’’). Many commenters from Tribal governments requested that the definition of eligible worker, which includes ‘‘any work performed by an employee of a . . . Tribal government,’’ also include an employee of a ‘‘Tribal enterprise’’ to remove uncertainty regarding which employees are included. Finally, commenters made suggestions for the process by which the chief executive (or equivalent) of a recipient government may designate additional non-public sectors as critical. Commenters asked that Treasury adopt a requirement that Treasury must approve or deny any additional non- public sector identified by the chief executive of a recipient government prior to implementation of the recipient’s program. Some commenters asked Treasury to clarify whether their chief executive (or equivalent) could designate particular, and in some cases all, employees of the recipient government as eligible for premium pay. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury will preserve the definition of ‘‘eligible worker’’ as it was defined in the interim final rule with minor modifications to clarify that all public VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4398 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 264 See, e.g., sources such as Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, which provide information on which professions or occupations are typically included in interpretations of a sector, https:// www.bls.gov/ooh/. 265 Public sector workers are ‘‘eligible workers’’ under the interim final rule and final rule. employees of recipient governments are already included in the interim final rule definition of ‘‘eligible worker.’’ A more specific eligibility system (e.g., linking eligibility to specific occupational or industry codes) would have provided more certainty but would have been much more rigid. In contrast, the current definition is flexible enough to give recipients the ability to tailor their premium pay programs to meet their needs while ensuring that programs focus on sectors where workers were forced to shoulder substantial risk as a result of the COVID–19 pandemic. Furthermore, the critical infrastructure sectors defined in the interim final rule already include many of the occupations that commenters requested be added. For example, Treasury received many comments from public workers asking to be included in the definition of ‘‘eligible worker’’ even though these workers already fall within the scope of ‘‘any work performed by an employee of a State, local, or Tribal government.’’ Treasury has clarified in the final rule that the chief executive’s discretion to designate additional sectors as critical relates only to ‘‘non-public’’ sectors, since all public employees of recipient governments are already included in the definition of ‘‘eligible worker.’’ While all such public employees are ‘‘eligible workers’’ and the chief executive (or equivalent) of a recipient government may designate additional non-public sectors as critical, in order to receive premium pay, these workers must still meet the other premium pay requirements (e.g., performing essential work). Treasury recognizes that the list of ‘‘essential critical infrastructure sectors’’ includes both occupations and sectors. Recipients, if uncertain which occupations are included in a critical infrastructure sector, may consult government occupational classifications if helpful but are not required to do so.264 Furthermore, a recipient government does not need to submit to Treasury for approval its designation of a sector as essential critical infrastructure; rather, Treasury will defer to the reasonable interpretation of the recipient government and the discretion of the recipient’s chief executive in making such designations. If a recipient is unsure if a non-public sector is covered by the definition in the final rule,265 the chief executive (or equivalent) of a recipient government may also identify the non-public sector as critical so long as the chief executive deems the non-public sector necessary to protecting the health and wellbeing of residents. Treasury has, where possible, clarified the definition of ‘‘essential critical infrastructure sectors.’’ For instance, Treasury has clarified in the final rule that work performed by an employee of a Tribal government includes an employee of a Tribal enterprise and discussed in this Supplementary Information how a recipient may qualify other non-public sectors as essential critical infrastructure. Essential Work The interim final rule defined ‘‘essential work’’ as work that (1) is not performed while teleworking from a residence and (2) involves either (i) regular, in-person interactions with patients, the public, or coworkers of the individual that is performing the work or (ii) regular physical handling of items that were handled by, or are to be handled by, patients, the public, or coworkers of the individual that is performing the work. Treasury adopted this definition of essential work to ensure that premium pay is targeted to workers that faced or face heightened risks due to the character of their work during a pandemic. Public Comment: Some commenters found the definition unclear and asked Treasury to clarify what constitutes ‘‘essential work.’’ Others disagreed with the essential work test altogether, arguing that it forces recipients to distinguish between essential and non- essential employees, which may be difficult to do. Accordingly, these commenters asked Treasury to allow recipients to determine which workers qualify as essential. Treasury also received several requests that specific occupations be explicitly deemed essential, including all public employees, veterinarians, election administrators, detention staff and sheriff’s deputies, and employees of utilities, such as electric power, natural gas, steam supply, water supply, and sewage removal. Several commenters requested that Treasury not distinguish between remote and in-person work or amend the standard so that employees providing essential services would still be eligible even if they worked remotely. Finally, a few commenters requested clarification as to the definition of ‘‘regular’’ in-person interactions and whether Treasury could clarify which job functions merit more (or less) premium pay. Treasury Response: Treasury is maintaining the definition of ‘‘essential work’’ in the final rule without modification. The test adopted in the interim final rule was designed to compensate workers facing disproportionate risk due to the pandemic. COVID–19 is transmitted through person-to-person interactions, and therefore, workers with regular in- person interactions are the primary group facing increased health risks. Although COVID–19 is not transmitted primarily by people handling items, such work may present increased risk in certain cases, and the final rule maintains the interim final rule’s inclusion of such work in order to give recipient governments the flexibility to include workers performing such work as they determine appropriate. Changing the test as some commenters suggested, e.g., by eliminating the in-person work requirement or allowing recipients to designate which employees are essential, even if not working in person, would no longer focus the program on workers taking on additional health risks and instead allow premium pay to be awarded to individuals who experienced relatively little risk of exposure to COVID–19. To maintain flexibility, Treasury is not defining the term ‘‘regular’’ with regard to in-person interactions, allowing recipients to develop programs based on the specific workforce to be served and local circumstances. Generally speaking, however, recipients are encouraged to consider an eligible worker’s risk of exposure in designing premium pay programs. Respond To As required by the ARPA, the interim final rule required that premium pay programs ‘‘respond to’’ eligible workers performing essential work during the COVID–19 public health emergency. Premium pay responds to eligible workers performing essential work if it prioritizes low- and moderate-income persons, given the significant share of essential workers that are low- and moderate-income and may be least able to bear added costs associated with illness. The level of the award limit—up to $13 per hour not to exceed $25,000 in aggregate—in the ARPA supports this reasoning. Accordingly, the interim final rule required written justification for how premium pay to certain higher-income workers responds to eligible workers performing essential work: If a recipient VerDate Sep<11>2014 20:28 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4399 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 266 See generally 29 U.S.C. 207(a); U.S. Department of Labor, Overtime Pay Requirements of the FLSA (Fact Sheet No. 23), https://www.dol.gov/ agencies/whd/fact-sheets/23-flsa-overtime-pay. 267 Department of Labor, Overtime Pay, https:// www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/overtime; see also 29 U.S.C. 207. 268 Among workers that report working overtime, roughly 41–44 percent of workers earn above $50,000 per year, which is slightly less than the national average annual wage for all employees according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, available at https://www.bls.gov/oes/. See also U.S. Census Bureau, Basic Monthly CPS, January 2019 through December 2019, available at https:// www.census.gov/data/datasets/time-series/demo/ cps/cps-basic.html. Notes: Annual earnings reflect weekly wages multiplied by 52. Usual weekly earnings are computed by BLS to include earnings from work such as tips, overtime, regular wages, etc., but not non-labor sources of income such as government transfers and capital gains. Pre- overtime earnings are computed by taking the difference of usual weekly earnings and earnings from overtime last week and multiplying by 52. Note, some sources multiply weekly earnings by 50 instead of 52 to account for unpaid time off and holidays, so these figures may be slightly larger than those reported elsewhere. Either assumption may overestimate earnings if workers do not work year-round. (or grantee) uses SLFRF funds to provide premium pay to an employee and the pay or grant would increase a worker’s total pay above 150 percent of their residing state or county’s average annual wage for all occupations, as defined by the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, whichever is higher, on an annual basis, then the recipient must provide, whether for themselves or on behalf of a grantee, written justification to Treasury detailing how the award responds to eligible workers performing essential work. Public Comment: Treasury received numerous comments on the wage threshold and the written justification requirement. Several commenters supported the threshold as a way to encourage recipients to target premium pay to lower-income, eligible workers. Some commenters even asked Treasury to make the wage threshold a firm restriction, above which an eligible worker could not receive premium pay. Others agreed with the threshold but also requested flexibility to use existing worker classifications as an administratively simple way to identify workers for whom premium pay would be responsive. For instance, a few commenters asked Treasury to allow recipients or grantees to presume that premium pay ‘‘responds to’’ eligible workers performing essential work when it is provided to employees who are not exempt from the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) overtime provisions—a test that employers are routinely required to apply.266 In contrast, several commenters disagreed with the threshold and the requirement for written justification. A few commenters thought the threshold was too low to capture employees in certain critical infrastructure sectors (e.g., public safety, waste collection) and that it did not sufficiently account for the variance in economic need across different geographic areas and family structures. Some smaller communities argued that the threshold was difficult to calculate and apply. Other commenters proposed revisions for how the threshold is calculated. For instance, a few commenters asked Treasury to consider using alternative earnings measures such as median income. Similarly, another commenter asked Treasury to consider the incomes of workers with different levels of seniority in developing any income thresholds for permitting or reporting on premium pay. Finally, there was also some uncertainty as to the threshold and the requirement for written justification. Some commenters interpreted the threshold as a hard cap on who was eligible for premium pay, which is not the case. Relatedly, some commenters also requested further guidance on what recipients should include in the written justification submitted to the Secretary. Treasury Response: The final rule makes some modifications to the determination of when premium pay ‘‘responds to’’ eligible workers performing essential work during the public health emergency. Under the interim final rule, premium pay was responsive if either the workers’ pay was below a wage threshold or, if the pay was above a wage threshold, the recipient submitted written justification to Treasury explaining how the premium pay was responsive. The final rule retains these two means of establishing premium pay in response to workers performing essential work and adds an additional means of demonstrating that premium pay is responsive. Under the final rule, a recipient may also show that premium pay is responsive by demonstrating that the eligible worker receiving premium pay is not exempt from the FLSA overtime provisions.267 This change will expand the number of workers eligible to receive premium pay 268 and does not require recipients to provide written justification to Treasury regarding the workers who are not exempt from the FLSA overtime provisions, making the program easier to administer for recipients. Incorporating this change further simplifies application of the final rule for recipients because Treasury understands that most employers, public and private, are familiar with and are routinely required to apply the FLSA. With this addition, the final rule provides that premium pay is responsive to eligible workers performing essential work during the public health emergency if each eligible worker who receives premium pay falls into one of three categories: (1) The worker’s pay is below the wage threshold, (2) the worker is not exempt from the FLSA overtime provisions, or (3) the recipient has submitted a written justification to Treasury. The final rule makes it clear that written justification to Treasury is not necessary with respect to eligible workers whose pay is less than the wage threshold. Nor is written justification necessary with respect to eligible workers who are not exempt from the FLSA overtime provisions. The written justification is only necessary if the worker’s pay (with or without the premium) exceeds the threshold, and the worker is exempt from the FLSA overtime provisions. The final rule also clarifies that a worker’s pay exceeds the threshold if either the premium pay increases the worker’s total pay above the wage threshold or the worker’s total pay was already above the threshold, before receiving premium pay. Treasury has also updated the final rule to clarify that written justification means a brief, written narrative justification of how the premium pay or grant is responsive to workers performing essential work during the public health emergency. This could include a description of the essential workers’ duties, health or financial risks faced due to COVID–19, and why the recipient determined that the premium pay was responsive despite the workers’ higher income. Recipients should refer to SLFRF program reporting guidance, user guides, and other documentation for further guidance on the form and content of the written justification. Treasury anticipates that recipients will easily be able to satisfy the justification requirement for front-line workers, like nurses and hospital staff. Definition of Premium Pay The statute defines premium pay as ‘‘an amount of up to $13 per hour ..., in addition to wages or remuneration the eligible worker otherwise receives, for all work performed by the eligible worker during the COVID–19 public health emergency. Such amount may not exceed $25,000 with respect to any single eligible worker.’’ The interim VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4400 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 269 See 29 U.S.C. 207(a) (‘‘[A]t a rate not less than one and one-half times the regular rate at which he is employed.’’). 270 All recipients are required to comply with otherwise applicable laws, including any wage and hour requirements in the Fair Labor Standards Act. See generally, Department of Labor, Wages and the Fair Labor Standards Act, https://www.dol.gov/ agencies/whd/flsa. 271 In the second quarter of 2020, quarterly state and local tax revenues as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau fell 19 percent compared to the second quarter of 2019; U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Summary of State and Local Tax Revenue, https://www.census.gov/programs- surveys/qtax.html. 272 National Association of State Budget Officers, Fiscal Survey of the States (Fall 2020), available at https://higherlogicdownload.s3.amazonaws.com/ NASBO/9d2d2db1-c943-4f1b-b750-0fca152d64c2/ UploadedImages/Fiscal%20Survey/NASBO_Fall_ 2020_Fiscal_Survey_of_States_S.pdf. 273 National League of Cities, City Fiscal Conditions (2020), available at https://www.nlc.org/ wp-content/uploads/2020/08/City_Fiscal_ Conditions_2020_FINAL.pdf. 274 Surveys conducted by the Center for Indian Country Development at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis in March, April, and September 2020. Elijah Moreno & Heather Sobrepena, Tribal entities remain resilient as COVID–19 batters their finances, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Nov. 10, 2020), https://www.minneapolisfed.org/ article/2020/tribal-entities-remain-resilient-as- covid-19-batters-their-finances. final rule incorporated this definition and emphasized that premium pay should be in addition to compensation typically received. Public Comment: Several submitted comments related to the definition of ‘‘premium pay.’’ Several commenters asked Treasury to clarify certain aspects of the interim final rule and statutory definition of premium pay. For instance, a few commenters asked whether the $25,000 limit applies to the annual amount of premium pay received or the aggregate amount of premium pay received over the period of performance. A few commenters requested flexibility as to how premium pay may be awarded, including flexibility to make monthly or quarterly payments or lump sum payments. Finally, commenters requested additional clarification as to how premium pay should be calculated. For instance, a commenter asked how to calculate the amount of and account for overtime pay and other incentive pay.269 Treasury Response: Treasury has clarified some of these issues in the final rule. For example, Treasury has clarified in the final rule that the $25,000 per employee limit is for the entire period of performance, not an annual cap. Further, recipients have discretion with respect to the way in which premium pay is awarded to eligible workers (e.g., monthly, quarterly, lump sum), provided that the total premium pay awarded to any eligible worker does not exceed $13 per hour or $25,000 over the period of performance. Finally, a recipient may award premium pay to an eligible worker in addition to the overtime pay already earned by the eligible worker but in no instance may the portion of the compensation funded with SLFRF funds exceed $13 per hour, even if strict time-and-a-half calculation requires more.270 To the extent that an employer is required under the FLSA to make payments to an eligible worker in excess of $13 per hour or $25,000 in the aggregate over the period of performance, the employer must use a source of funding other than the SLFRF funds to satisfy those obligations. Program Structure Public Comment: Several commenters also requested elaboration on eligible types of employees and permissible structures for awarding premium pay. A few commenters asked if premium pay could be awarded to volunteers or those in irregular and non-hourly or salaried employment positions. Similarly, various commenters asked if part-time workers were eligible for premium pay. Some commenters asked Treasury to provide more detail on when premium pay may be paid retroactively or if a government could reimburse its general fund for hazard pay already paid before the start of the period of performance. Treasury Response: Treasury has also made clear in the final rule that a recipient may award premium pay to non-hourly or salaried workers as well as part-time workers. Premium pay may not, however, be awarded to volunteers. If a recipient is interested in compensating volunteers with SLFRF funds, then it must do so consistent with the requirements set forth in other eligible use categories; for example, see section Public Sector Capacity and Workforce in Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts. Under the final rule, recipients may award premium pay retroactively; however, SLFRF funds may not be used to reimburse a recipient or eligible employer grantee for premium pay or hazard pay already received by the employee. To make retroactive premium payments funded with SLFRF funds, a recipient or eligible employer grantee must make a new cash outlay for the premium payments and the payments must be in addition to any wages or remuneration the eligible worker already received, subject to the other requirements and limitations set forth in the ARPA and this final rule. Finally, as part of accepting the Award Terms and Conditions for SLFRF, each recipient agreed to maintain a conflict-of-interest policy consistent with 2 CFR 200.318(c) that is applicable to all activities funded with the SLFRF award. This award term requires recipients and subrecipients to report to Treasury or the pass-through agency, as appropriate, any potential conflict of interest related to the award funds per 2 CFR 200.112. Pursuant to this policy, decisions concerning SLFRF funds must be free of undisclosed personal or organizational conflicts of interest, both in fact and in appearance. Consistent with this policy, elected officials are prohibited from using their official position and control over SLFRF funds for their own private gain. This policy also prohibits, among other things, elected officials from steering funds to projects in which they have a financial interest or using funds to pay themselves premium pay. C. Revenue Loss Background Sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act provide that SLFRF funds may be used ‘‘for the provision of government services to the extent of the reduction in revenue of such . . . government due to the COVID–19 public health emergency relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year of the . . . government prior to the emergency.’’ This provision allows recipients experiencing budget shortfalls to use payments from the SLFRF funds to avoid cuts to government services and, thus, enables state, local, and Tribal governments to continue to provide valuable services and ensures that fiscal austerity measures do not hamper the broader economic recovery. State and local government budgets experienced stress in fiscal year 2020 as delayed tax filings and pandemic- related business closures caused revenues to decline sharply.271 Twenty- two state governments took actions to close budget gaps in fiscal year 2020 272 and nearly 80 percent of cities reported being less able to meet the fiscal needs of their communities relative to fiscal year 2019.273 Surveys of Tribal governments and Tribal enterprises conducted in 2020 found majorities of respondents reporting substantial cost increases and revenue decreases, with Tribal governments reporting reductions in health care, housing, social services, and economic development activities as a result of reduced revenues.274 The economic recovery, aided by the broad distribution of COVID–19 vaccines and the deployment of federal stimulus, has led to a strong rebound in total state and local government revenue and is contributing to a brighter fiscal VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4401 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 275 Analysis of Quarterly Summary of State and Local Tax Revenue, U.S. Census Bureau, supra note 271. 276 National League of Cities, City Fiscal Conditions (2021), available at https://www.nlc.org/ wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2021-City-Fiscal- Conditions-Report-2021.pdf. 277 Center for Indian Country Development and Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, One Year Into COVID–19, Pandemic’s Negative Effects Persist in Indian Country (May 2021), available at https:// www.minneapolisfed.org/article/2021/one-year- into-covid-19-pandemics-negative-effects-persist-in- indian-country. 278 See, e.g., Nora Fitzpatrick et al., Fiscal Drag from the State and Local Sector?, Liberty Street Economics Blog, Federal Reserve Bank of New York (June 27, 2012), https://libertystreeteconomics. newyorkfed.org/2012/06/fiscal-drag-from-the-state- and-local-sector.html; Jiri Jonas, Great Recession and Fiscal Squeeze at U.S. Subnational Government Level, IMF Working Paper 12/184, (July 2012), available at https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ wp/2012/wp12184.pdf; Gordon, supra note 16. 279 State and local government general revenue from own sources, adjusted for inflation using the Bureau of Economic Analysis’ implicit price deflator for GDP. U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Finances and U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product Accounts, https://www.census.gov/ programs-surveys/gov-finances.html. 280 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, All Employees, State Government [CES9092000001] and All Employees, Local Government [CES9093000001], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/ CES9092000001 and https://fred.stlouisfed.org/ series/CES9093000001. 281 Pew Research, State and Local Government Job Growth Lags as Economy Recovers (September 2021), available at https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/ research-and-analysis/articles/2021/09/14/state- and-local-government-job-growth-lags-as-economy- recovers. 282 At the time the interim final rule was published, the average annual growth across all state and local government ‘‘General Revenue from Own Sources’’ in the most recent three years of available data (2015–2018) was 4.1%, which was presented as one option for the growth adjustment. Since the interim final rule was published, 2019 data has been made available, which increases this rate to 5.2%. The final rule updates the percentage to 5.2%, as shown in Step 2. 283 As explained below, in the final rule, recipients must adjust actual revenue amounts based on certain tax policy changes. outlook for most jurisdictions as compared to the earlier months of the public health emergency. For the fiscal year ending June 30, 2021, total state and local government tax revenues increased 21 percent relative to the same period in 2020, reflecting the combined impact of the modified tax filing deadline in 2020 and an improving economy.275 However, despite a stable budget situation overall, many governments face uncertainty as the COVID–19 pandemic continues to impact commuting patterns, hospitality and tourism, and other drivers of jurisdictions’ economies. Thirty-five percent of cities still report being less able to meet financial needs than in fiscal year 2020,276 and over half of surveyed Tribal governments and Tribal enterprises reported losing at least 40 percent of their revenue since the start of the pandemic.277 Budget challenges persist as governments work to mitigate and contain COVID–19 and help citizens weather the economic downturn. State, local, and Tribal government budgets affect the broader economic recovery. During the period following the 2007–2009 recession, state and local government budget pressures led to fiscal austerity that was a significant drag on the overall economic recovery.278 Inflation-adjusted state and local government revenue did not return to the previous peak until 2013,279 while employment in the sector returned to the previous peak in August 2019, nearly a decade later.280 Just months after recouping losses from the previous downturn, the COVID–19 pandemic caused state and local government employment to contract again, but this time more sharply: By May 2020, state and local government payrolls fell 7.7 percent compared to February 2020. Despite improvement, non-federal public sector job growth continues to lag behind the rest of the U.S. labor market recovery.281 Summary of Interim Final Rule As stated above, the Social Security Act provides that SLFRF funds may be used ‘‘for the provision of government services to the extent of the reduction in revenue of such . . . government due to the COVID–19 public health emergency relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year of the . . . government prior to the emergency.’’ The interim final rule provided a formula for calculating revenue loss through a four-step process: •Step 1: Identify revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year prior to the public health emergency (i.e., last full fiscal year before January 27, 2020), called the base year revenue. •Step 2: Estimate counterfactual revenue, which is the amount of revenue the recipient would have expected in the absence of the downturn caused by the pandemic. The counterfactual revenue is equal to base year revenue * [(1 + growth adjustment) ∧ (n/12)], where n is the number of months elapsed since the end of the base year to the calculation date, and growth adjustment is the greater of the average annual growth rate across all State and Local Government ‘‘General Revenue from Own Sources’’ in the most recent three years prior to the emergency, 5.2 percent, or the recipient’s average annual revenue growth in the three full fiscal years prior to the COVID–19 public health emergency.282 This approach to the growth rate provides recipients with the option to use a standardized growth adjustment when calculating the counterfactual revenue trend and thus minimizes administrative burden, while not disadvantaging recipients with revenue growth that exceeded the national average prior to the COVID–19 public health emergency by permitting these recipients to use their own revenue growth rate over the preceding three years. •Step 3: Identify actual revenue,283 which equals revenues collected over the twelve months immediately preceding the calculation date. •Step 4: The extent of the reduction in revenue is equal to counterfactual revenue less actual revenue. If actual revenue exceeds counterfactual revenue, the extent of the reduction in revenue is set to zero for that calculation date. For illustration, consider a hypothetical recipient with base year revenue equal to 100 (Step 1) that ends on June 30, 2019. In Step 2, the hypothetical recipient finds that the average annual growth across all state and local government ‘‘General Revenue from Own Sources’’ in the most recent three years of available data, 5.2 percent, is greater than the recipient’s average annual revenue growth in the three full fiscal years prior to the public health emergency. In this illustration, n (months elapsed) and counterfactual revenue would be equal to: As of: 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 12/31/2022 12/31/2023 n (months elapsed) .......................................................................................... 18 30 42 54 Counterfactual revenue:.................................................................................. 107.9 113.5 119.4 125.6 VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4402 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations The figure below illustrates the reduction in revenue for the hypothetical recipient calculated in accordance with the methodology. Finally, as explained in greater detail below, the clear meaning of the statutory phrase ‘‘due to the COVID–19 public health emergency’’ is that it is referring to revenue reductions caused by the public health emergency. As such, it does not include revenue reduced for reasons other than the public health emergency. Treasury in the interim final rule presumed that any reduction in revenue relative to the counterfactual estimate would be considered revenue lost due to the pandemic and thereby relieved recipients of the administrative burden of determining the extent to which reduction in revenue was due to the public health emergency. The calculation methodology in the interim final rule implicitly assumed that recipients did not suffer a loss in revenue due to the public health emergency if they did not experience a reduction in aggregate revenue compared to the counterfactual estimate. The interim final rule invited comments on whether Treasury should revise its presumption to ‘‘take into account other factors, including actions taken by the recipient as well as the expiration of the COVID–19 public health emergency, in determining whether to presume that revenue losses are ‘due to’ the COVID–19 public health emergency.’’ Treasury received a substantial number of comments on the revenue loss provisions set forth in the interim final rule. These comments largely pertained to the following topics: The overall methodology for calculating revenue loss; the definition of ‘‘revenue’’; whether revenue should be aggregated or calculated on some alternative basis (e.g., source-by-source or fund-by-fund); the appropriate calculation dates (i.e., fiscal year or calendar year); the presumption that all revenue loss is due to the pandemic; the base year; and the definition of ‘‘government services.’’ Overall Methodology for Calculating Revenue Loss As noted above, the interim final rule provided a formula for recipients to calculate revenue loss by comparing actual revenues received during a given time-period with a counterfactual amount of revenue based on revenues in the base year and an adjustment for expected growth in revenue each year. Public Comment: Treasury received many public comments on the overall methodology for calculating revenue loss. Some recipients, including smaller governments, have expressed concern regarding the burden associated with the calculation of revenue loss, particularly the burden involved in calculating the amount of general revenue, given that the definition of general revenue in the interim final rule does not always align with the definition of revenue already calculated by recipients for other purposes, and requested clarifications regarding a number of components, including the definition of revenue. Commenters also asked for clarification on the relationship between revenue loss calculations across different calculation dates. Other commenters argued that the revenue loss formula does not precisely capture the nuances of local revenues or their particular situation. For example, some commenters stated that requiring that revenues be aggregated fails to capture decreases in revenue sources that cannot easily be made up for with other revenue sources. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury is largely maintaining the revenue loss formula as set forth in the interim final rule. To address comments that the formula for calculating revenue loss was difficult to apply, Treasury is including an option for recipients to use a standard allowance for revenue loss. Specifically, in the final rule, recipients will be permitted to elect a fixed amount of loss that can then be used to fund government services. This fixed VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 ER27JA22.000</GPH>lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2140 •Actual Revenue •Extent of reduction in revenue 130 •Base year revenue 120 ..... counterfactual revenue 110 100 90 80 Jun-19 Dec-20 Dec-21 Dec-22 Dec-23 4403 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 284 Because the Census Bureau’s state and local government tax revenue data is reported on a quarterly frequency, fiscal base year end dates of March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 were used in this assessment. 285 Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances (2019). 286 This is the range of averages that Treasury calculated by varying the aforementioned assumptions. 287 See, e.g., Government Accountability Office, State and Local Governments: Fiscal Conditions During the COVID–19 Pandemic in Selected States (July 2021) (noting that ‘‘[s]tate and local government revenues partly depend on the overall economy, and actions to stem the spread of the virus drastically reduced economic activity.’’); Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Monetary Policy Report (July 9, 2021) (noting that the pandemic ‘‘pushed down state and local government tax collections’’ and that while some of the drag is ‘‘abating’’ state and local ‘‘government payrolls . . . have only edged up from their lows at the onset of the pandemic’’). 288 Local government tax revenue data in the Census Bureau’s Quarterly Summary of State and Local Tax Revenue, supra note 271, is provided on an aggregated basis. 289 The Department also released guidance clarifying how a recipient may determine whether a particular entity is ‘‘part of the recipient’s government.’’ See FAQ 3.14. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https://home. treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. amount, referred to as the ‘‘standard allowance,’’ is set at up to $10 million total for the entire period of performance not to exceed the recipient’s SLFRF award amount. Although Treasury anticipates that this standard allowance will be most helpful to smaller local governments and Tribal governments, any recipient can use this standard allowance instead of calculating revenue loss pursuant to the formula above, so long as recipients employ a consistent methodology across the period of performance (i.e., choose either the standard allowance or the regular formula). Treasury intends to amend its reporting forms to provide a mechanism for recipients to make a one- time, irrevocable election to utilize either the revenue loss formula or the standard allowance. The $10 million level is based on average revenue loss across state and local governments, taking into consideration potential variation in revenue types and losses and continued uncertainty faced by many recipients regarding revenue shortfalls. To calculate this estimate, Treasury applied a variation of the final rule’s revenue loss calculation on available aggregate state and local government tax revenue data as reported by the Census Bureau for the first calculation date of December 31, 2020. This estimate accounts for expected variation across recipient experiences and reflects the fact that the final rule revenue loss calculation provides recipients several options for specific aspects (e.g., calendar year or fiscal year basis; use of average state and local revenue growth rate or specific local rate). Treasury compared actual calendar year 2020 tax revenues, in aggregate for all state and local governments, to several counterfactual trends that vary based on the end date of the fiscal base year.284 Treasury also assessed counterfactual trends using different revenue growth rates (e.g., the three-year average growth rates of total state and local government general revenue for both fiscal years ending in 2016–2018 and fiscal years ending in 2017–2019; the three-year average growth rates of total state and local government tax revenues for fiscal years ending in 2017–2019; and the one- year growth rate for total state and local government tax revenue in the last full fiscal year before the public health emergency). To account for the fact that the initial estimate, based on tax revenue, only includes a subset of recipient aggregate general revenue, Treasury applied a scaling factor to recognize that tax revenues generally make up just over half of general revenue collected by state and local governments (i.e., Treasury scaled up its estimate based on tax revenue to produce an estimate for total general revenue).285 The resulting calculation was then extrapolated over the four-year period of performance and divided by a population of interest to arrive at an average loss estimate. As noted above, Treasury estimated a range of scenarios to account for different values of the variables that would impact average losses. For example, the end date of the fiscal base year and growth rate of counterfactual revenue impact the overall estimate of revenue loss. In addition, this estimate takes into consideration the limitations in the available data. The governments covered by the Census Bureau’s survey do not entirely align with SLFRF recipients. The Census Bureau’s figures are based on 50 state governments, all local government property tax collectors and local government non-property tax imposers, representing at a minimum the more than 38,000 ‘‘General Purpose Governments’’ defined by Census. However, there are only roughly 32,000 recipients of SLFRF funds. Thus, Treasury considered the difference between the number and type of entities in the Census Bureau data and the SLFRF recipients. Based on this methodology, Treasury estimates that average revenue loss (determined by comparing the counterfactual revenue to actual revenue) may range from $0 to $11.7 million per recipient over the period of performance.286 Treasury settled on a point estimate toward the upper end of the range of potential averages, in part, to account for significant variation in the experiences of recipient governments: Some recipients likely experienced losses at the upper end of this range of potential averages. A point estimate toward the upper end of the range errs toward ensuring more recipients’ experiences are covered and increases the utility of the standard allowance for SLFRF recipients. Specifically, the program includes a very large number of recipients with relatively smaller awards; these recipients have tended to describe having greater difficulty completing the regular revenue loss calculation. Thus, selecting a point estimate toward the higher end of the expected range not only increases the likelihood that the standard allowance will reflect the experience of a larger number of SLFRF recipients but is more responsive to the comments of those with smaller awards. In addition, using a point estimate toward the upper end of the range accounts for the difficulty and uncertainty in predicting revenue losses years into the future, throughout the period of performance.287 Finally, Treasury selected a single allowance level, as opposed to varying levels, to further the goals of simplicity, flexibility, and administrability. Furthermore, data limitations make it difficult to distinguish between types of local governments.288 General Revenue The interim final rule adopted a definition of ‘‘general revenue’’ based largely on the components reported under ‘‘General Revenue from Own Sources’’ in the Census Bureau’s Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances. Under the interim final rule, general revenue included revenue collected by a recipient and generated from its underlying economy, and it would capture a range of different types of tax revenues, as well as other types of revenue that are available to support government services.289 Specifically, revenue under the interim final rule included money that is received from tax revenue, current charges, and miscellaneous general revenues and excluded refunds and other correcting transactions, proceeds from issuance of debt or the sale of investments, agency or private trust transactions, revenue from utilities, social insurance trust revenues, and intergovernmental VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4404 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 290 The interim final rule stated that ‘‘general revenue’’ and ‘‘tax revenue’’ excludes refunds and other correcting transactions. Instead of ‘‘excluding’’ refunds and other correcting transactions, the Census Bureau methodology upon which those definitions are based provides that general revenue and tax revenue are determined ‘‘net of’’ refunds and other correcting transactions. The use of ‘‘excluding’’ in the interim final rule is substantively the same as the Census Bureau methodology. However, to be consistent with the terminology used by the Census Bureau, the final rule uses ‘‘net of’’ instead of ‘‘excluding.’’ Current charges are defined as ‘‘charges imposed for providing current services or for the sale of products in connection with general government activities.’’ It includes revenues such as public education institution, public hospital, and toll revenues. Miscellaneous general revenue comprises of all other general revenue of governments from their own sources (i.e., other than utility and insurance trust revenue), including rents, royalties, lottery proceeds, and fines. 291 The interim final rule excluded governmental transfers from the Federal Government, but it did not exclude intergovernmental transfers from other governmental units for purposes of the revenue loss provisions. 292 U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Electric Utility Data (October 2021), available at https://www.eia.gov/electricity/sales_ revenue_price/. 293 FAQ 3.14 provides further guidance on how to determine what entities constitute a government for purposes of calculating revenue loss. See Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/ SLFRPFAQ.pdf. transfers from the federal government, including transfers made pursuant to section 9901 of the ARPA.290 In the case of Tribal governments, it also included revenue from Tribal business enterprises. Public Comment: Many commenters asked Treasury to include certain items in the definition of ‘‘general revenue.’’ For instance, several commenters that operate their own utilities asked that revenue from utilities be included, arguing that declines in utility revenue directly affect contributions to their general funds. Many of these commenters noted that moratoriums on utility shutoffs and a decline in collections have resulted in significant budgetary pressures. Some commenters also asked for the exclusion of certain intergovernmental transfers in the definition of general revenue, including transfers of shared revenue from the state.291 Other commenters asked for the inclusion of certain transfers from the federal government, including fees paid for services and grants that are, in effect, paid for the provision of services. Treasury also received multiple requests to include revenue from Tribal enterprises in the definition of ‘‘general revenue’’ and that ‘‘Tribal enterprise’’ be defined broadly. Others asked for the ability to choose whether to include revenue from Tribal enterprises. Finally, some commenters requested that the definition of general revenue exclude certain sources of revenue, such as revenue sources that do not support a general fund (i.e., revenue sources that are restricted in use). Commenters also asked that general revenue exclude revenue from special assessments, settlements that make the recipient whole for past expenditures, and one- time revenues such as revenue from the sale of property. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury has maintained the definition of ‘‘general revenue’’ from the interim final rule with two exceptions. Treasury has adjusted the definition to allow recipients that operate utilities that are part of their own government to choose whether to include revenue from these utilities in their revenue loss calculation. This change responds to comments from recipients indicating that revenue from utilities is used to fund other government services and that utility revenues have declined on aggregate.292 This approach is consistent with other eligible uses, which recognize decreased ability of many households to make utility payments; see section Assistance to Households, which identifies utility assistance as an enumerated eligible use of funds, including through direct or bulk payments to utilities for consumer assistance. Furthermore, for utilities or other entities (e.g., certain service districts) that are not part of the recipient government, a transfer from the utility to the recipient constitutes an intergovernmental transfer and therefore is included in the definition of ‘‘general revenue.’’293 Treasury has also added liquor store revenue to the definition of general revenue. The Supplemental Information to the interim final rule stated that the definition of tax revenue would include liquor store revenue, but the text of the rule did not include it. Accordingly, in the final rule, Treasury is clarifying that revenue includes liquor store revenue. However, Treasury believes revenue from government-owned liquor stores is better classified as general revenue than it is as tax revenue, so the final rule includes it as part of general revenue. In response to requests that the definition of general revenue exclude revenue from special assessments, settlements that make the recipient whole for past expenditures, and one- time revenues such as revenue from the sale of property, Treasury is maintaining its position in the final rule that such revenue is included in general revenue. While such revenues may be less predictable than other sources of revenue (e.g., property taxes), these are not uncommon sources of revenue for recipients, and their inclusion provides a more complete view of the financial health of a recipient government and is consistent with the Census Bureau methodology. Treasury is also maintaining the exclusion of all payments from the federal government (including payments for services) from general revenue in order to avoid substantial dilution of the definition of revenue, particularly in light of extraordinary fiscal support provided during the pandemic. Treasury is maintaining the inclusion of intergovernmental transfers other than from the federal government for the reasons provided in the Supplemental Information to the interim final rule; to do otherwise would be to significantly distort the revenue calculations for local governments that regularly receive revenue sharing payments, for example, from their state governments. Treasury is also maintaining the approach that ‘‘general revenue’’ includes revenue from Tribal enterprises. This approach recognizes that these enterprises often form the revenue base for Tribal governments’ budgets. To ease the burden on recipients and account for anomalous variations in revenue, as mentioned above, Treasury has incorporated a ‘‘standard allowance’’ option into the final rule. A recipient may choose to use the standard allowance, which under the final rule is set at up to $10 million, not to exceed the recipient’s SLFRF award amount, as an alternative to calculating revenue loss according to the formula described above. This addition will promote administrative efficiency and simplify the revenue loss calculation for the vast majority of recipients. Treasury intends to amend its reporting forms to provide a mechanism for recipients to elect to utilize either the revenue loss formula or the standard allowance, in addition to other changes made as part of the final rule. Aggregate Revenue Loss Calculation Under the interim final rule, revenue loss was calculated based on aggregate revenues and therefore loss in one type of revenue could be offset by gains in another. The amount of SLFRF funds available to provide government services was based on overall net revenue loss. In the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule, Treasury asked commenters to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of, and any potential concerns with, this approach, including circumstances in which it could be necessary or VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4405 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations appropriate to calculate the reduction in revenue by source. Public Comment: Treasury received many comments stating that revenue loss should be calculated on a source- by-source basis. Some commenters argued that a source-by-source approach would be administratively simpler. Other commenters argued that calculating revenue loss source-by- source would better reflect the impact of the COVID–19 pandemic on their ability to fund government services because revenue gains in one source cannot always be used to make up for losses in another. For similar reasons, other commenters asked that revenue loss be calculated on a fund basis. Treasury Response: Treasury considered alternative methods (e.g., source-by-source, fund-by-fund) but ultimately determined to maintain the calculation of revenue loss in the aggregate. The pandemic has had different effects on recipients (and their revenues), and Treasury recognized that one particular type of revenue or one particular source may have experienced a greater amount of loss for some recipients. However, the statute refers only to ‘‘the reduction in revenue of such State, local government, or Tribal government.’’ The statute is thus clear that Treasury is to refer to the aggregate revenue reduction of the recipient due to the public health emergency. Further, this provision is designed to address declines in the recipients’ overall ability to pay for governmental services, and calculating revenue loss on an aggregate basis provides a more accurate representation of the effect of the pandemic on overall revenues and the fiscal health of the recipient. In many circumstances, recipient governments have flexibility to use revenues from an array of sources and offset declines in some sources with gains in others. While the details and configuration of this flexibility vary widely across recipient governments, calculating revenue loss on a source-by-source or fund-by-fund basis would not capture how recipient governments balance their budgets in the regular course of business. Accordingly, the final rule maintains the requirement that revenue loss is to be calculated on an aggregate basis. Calculation Dates Public Comment: Under the interim final rule, recipients calculate revenue loss as of the end of the calendar year. Treasury received many comments requesting that recipients be permitted to calculate revenue loss as of the end of their fiscal year. Commenters argued that doing so would be simpler and less burdensome on recipients and that financial data as of the end of the fiscal year is audited and therefore more reliable. Commenters also argued that recipients’ fiscal years are structured around the timing of major revenue sources, and that the Census Bureau uses fiscal years in its Annual Survey. Treasury also received comments about the use of multiple calculation dates. Several Tribal governments stated that they would not see ongoing revenue losses due to the COVID–19 public health emergency and asked to be able to determine revenue loss as of the first calculation date. Several commenters asked whether revenue loss is determined independently for each year, so that a gain in one year does not offset a loss in another, or whether revenue loss is cumulative from the beginning of the pandemic. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury has made adjustments to give recipients more flexibility with respect to calculation dates and to clarify certain elements. Specifically, the final rule provides recipients the option to choose whether to calculate revenue loss on a fiscal year or calendar year basis, though they must choose a consistent basis for loss calculations throughout the period of performance. Treasury has also clarified in the final rule that revenue loss is calculated separately for each year such that the calculation of revenue lost in one year does not affect the calculation of revenue lost in prior or future years. Presumption That Revenue Loss Is Due to the Pandemic As stated above, sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act provide that SLFRF funds may be used ‘‘for the provision of government services to the extent of the reduction in revenue of such . . . government due to the COVID–19 public health emergency relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year of the . . . government prior to the emergency.’’ As discussed in the interim final rule, although revenue may decline for reasons unrelated to COVID–19, in order to minimize the administrative burden on recipients in calculating revenue loss and take into consideration the devastating effects of the COVID–19 public health emergency, any reduction in revenue relative to the counterfactual estimate was presumed in the interim final rule to be considered revenue lost due to the pandemic. Treasury stated in the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule that it was considering when, if ever, during the period of performance it would be appropriate to reevaluate the presumption that all losses are attributable to the public health emergency. Treasury also sought comment on whether to take into account other factors, including actions taken by the recipient as well as the expiration of the COVID–19 public health emergency, in determining whether to presume that revenue losses are ‘‘due to’’ the COVID–19 public health emergency. Public Comment: Treasury received many comments in support of the presumption, as well as some opposed. Some commenters argued that the presumption eases the administrative burden on recipients because, without it, it would be difficult to identify which losses are attributable to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Many commenters also argued that Treasury should maintain the presumption because recipients are likely to experience losses due to the public health emergency even after the end of the public health emergency. Treasury also received comments asking that it adjust any revenue loss calculation to account for tax changes enacted by the recipient. In particular, some commenters noted that some recipients had increased taxes in order to meet additional demands for government services or to address declines in revenue due to the pandemic. These tax increases have in some cases offset some or all of the actual revenue loss attributable to the public health emergency. Because the interim final rule calculates revenue loss by reference to actual revenue collected, commenters argued that the calculation of revenue loss ‘‘due to’’ the public health emergency needs to take into consideration the effects of tax increases by deducting the effect of these tax increases from actual revenue collected. Treasury Response: In the final rule, Treasury has maintained the presumption that a reduction in a recipient’s revenue is due to the public health emergency with certain adjustments to respond to comments and to better account for revenue loss ‘‘due to the COVID–19 public health emergency.’’ The final rule makes adjustments to the presumption to take into account certain government actions to change tax policy. In particular, Treasury is adjusting the presumption to account for changes to tax policy by providing that changes in revenue that are caused by tax increases or decreases adopted after the issuance of the final rule will not be treated as due to the public health emergency. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4406 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 294 See also sections 602(a)(1) and 603(a) of the Social Security Act (appropriating the funds for payment to recipients in order to ‘‘mitigate the fiscal effects stemming from the public health emergency’’). 295 U.S. Postal Service v. Postal Regulatory Comm’n, 640 F.3d 1263 (D.C. Cir. 2011); see Kimber v. Thiokol Corp., 196 F.3d 1092, 1100 (10th Cir. 1999); Adams v. Director, OWCP, 886 F.2d 818, 821 (6th Cir. 1989). 296 Treasury considered whether to also eliminate the presumption with respect to losses resulting from other changes in policy, such as decreases in user fees or fines. However, the effects of these changes are more minor overall and would be more challenging to accurately identify and quantify, so the administrability benefit of the presumption for recipients outweighs whatever distortion there might be as a result of not reflecting such changes. 297 See generally, National Association of State Budget Officers, Budget Processes in the States, (2021), available at https://higherlogicdownload. s3.amazonaws.com/NASBO/9d2d2db1-c943-4f1b- b750-0fca152d64c2/UploadedImages/Budget%20 Processess/NASBO_2021_Budget_Processes_in_the_ States_S.pdf. Presumption of Revenue Loss ‘‘Due To’’ the Pandemic In enacting sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act, Congress provided that a state, local government, or Tribal government could use funds to ‘‘cover costs . . . for the provision of government services,’’ but only ‘‘to the extent of the reduction in revenue . . . due to the COVID–19 public health emergency relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year . . . prior to the emergency.’’ In doing so, Congress recognized that the pandemic was causing significant disruption to economic activity and sought to minimize the impact of associated revenue losses on the ability of the recipient to provide government services when such services were needed most.294 The text of the statute itself reinforces this important context: The law specifically limits funds to cover revenue losses that both are ‘‘due to the COVID–19 public health emergency’’ and could impact ‘‘the provision of government services.’’ Courts have recognized that the phrase ‘‘due to’’ can refer to various causal standards.295 Here, in the context of Congress’s addressing economic disruptions caused by the COVID–19 pandemic that could impact both revenues and government services, the key consideration is whether a revenue loss experienced by the recipient resulted from the exogenous impacts of the public health emergency (and were thus ‘‘due to’’ the pandemic) or instead from the recipient’s own discretionary actions (and, in this context, were not ‘‘due to’’ the pandemic). Reductions in revenue due to the public health emergency does not cover revenue reductions that resulted from a recipient’s own discretionary actions. In the interim final rule, Treasury included a presumption that all revenue loss is due to the pandemic in order to minimize the administrative burden on recipients discussed above and take into consideration the devastating effects of the COVID–19 public health emergency. Based on comments, Treasury believes that the reasons for the presumption continue to be valid and has determined to maintain the presumption in the final rule with certain modifications. In particular, at this point in the course of the pandemic, with the fiscal pressure on state and local governments having been significantly reduced, it is appropriate for Treasury to reassess aspects of this presumption. As discussed below, the final rule requires recipients to exclude the value of tax policy changes adopted after January 6, 2022. Recipients of the SLFRF range from states to the smallest local governments. At the time that the interim final rule was adopted, it was important for recipients to be able to calculate with ease and certainty their amount of revenue loss so that they could begin deploying these funds to continue to maintain essential government services. To this end, the presumption in the interim final rule provided a relatively simple formula for all recipients to use, but the exigent need for recipients to immediately deploy funds for the provision of government services has decreased and the benefit of the presumption in reducing administrative burden is less relevant for those governments that are not likely to avail themselves of the standard allowance described above. Consistent with these considerations, the final rule requires recipients to exclude revenue loss due to tax changes adopted after January 6, 2022. Eliminating revenue loss due to tax changes from the presumption is appropriate given the significance of tax revenue as a portion of all revenue for state and local governments, the direct impact of tax policy decisions on revenue collected, and the relative ease with which recipients can isolate the estimated effect of a tax change on revenue.296 Most state budgeting processes require a ‘‘budget score,’’ often developed through a consensus process with executive and legislative branch experts,297 and Treasury expects that larger localities, those most likely to utilize the revenue loss formula rather than the standard allowance, also regularly use revenue or budget estimates when considering changes to tax policies. As such, in many cases, recipients already prepare estimates of the impact of tax changes on revenue, and as discussed below, Treasury will generally permit recipients to rely on such estimates in adjusting their revenue loss calculations. Reductions in revenue that are not attributable to tax changes would continue to be subject to the presumption. A requirement that recipients evaluate the revenue effect of changes in discretionary policy actions other than tax changes would be more difficult for recipients than evaluating the changes attributable to tax changes given that state and local governments do not generally prepare estimates of the revenue effects of other actions. Finally, as noted above, taxes are the single largest source of revenue for state and local government recipients in the aggregate. Revisions to Presumption To Address Tax Reductions For these reasons, Treasury is providing in the final rule that changes in general revenue that are caused by tax cuts adopted after the date of adoption of the final rule (January 6, 2022) will not be treated as due to the public health emergency, and the estimated fiscal impact of such tax cuts must be added to the calculation of ‘‘actual revenue’’ for purposes of calculation dates that occur on or after April 1, 2022. Tax cuts include final legislative or regulatory action or a new or changed administrative interpretation that reduces any tax (by providing for a reduction in a rate, a rebate, a deduction, a credit, or otherwise) or delays the imposition of any tax or tax increase and that the recipient assesses has had the effect of reducing tax revenue relative to current law. This includes the phase-in or taking effect of any statute or rule if the phase-in or taking effect was not prescribed prior to the issuance of the final rule. In assessing whether a tax change has had the effect of reducing tax revenue, recipients may either calculate the actual effect on revenue or rely on estimates prepared at the time the tax change was adopted. More specifically, recipients may rely on information typically prepared in the course of developing the budget (e.g., expected revenues) and/or considering tax changes (e.g., budget scores, revenue notes) to determine the amount of revenue that would have been collected in the absence of the tax cut, as long as those estimates are based on reasonable assumptions and do not use dynamic methodologies that incorporate the projected effects of macroeconomic growth, given that macroeconomic VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4407 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 298 The final rule does not permit recipients to reflect the effects of other changes in policy, such as increases in fees adopted after adoption of the final rule. Treasury understands that the main beneficiaries of such a change would be those recipients that will benefit from the standard allowance provided for in the final rule and that for other recipients the administrative burden on recipients needed to calculate these adjustments would outweigh the benefit of having a somewhat larger amount of funds available for government services. 299 The final rule also addresses the possibility that some recipients may have fiscal years ending during the period between January 6, 2022 and April 1, 2022; such recipients’ election to reflect tax changes from prior periods would also apply to changes during this period with respect to the calculation date in this period. growth is accounted for in the counterfactual growth assumptions. Recipients that choose to calculate the actual effect of a tax change on revenue must similarly base their calculations on reasonable estimates that do not use dynamic methodologies. Recipients should apply this adjustment in determining their actual revenue totals at Step 3 in the revenue loss calculation described above. Revisions to Presumption To Address Tax Increases As noted above, the calculation methodology in the interim final rule implicitly assumed that recipients did not experience a reduction in revenue due to the public health emergency if they did not experience a reduction in aggregate revenue relative to the counterfactual estimate. Treasury recognizes that some recipients may have experienced a reduction in revenue due to the public health emergency that was offset by other revenue, particularly in the case of increases to tax revenue resulting from a tax increase. The final rule requires recipients that increased taxes to deduct the amount of increases to revenue attributable to such tax increase. This change is also consistent with the incorporation in the interim final rule and final rule of a counterfactual growth rate, which effectively permits recipients to count revenue losses due to the public health emergency that are offset by increased tax revenue resulting from organic growth. For these reasons, Treasury is providing in the final rule that recipients must subtract from their calculation of actual revenue the effect of tax increases adopted after the date of adoption of this final rule (January 6, 2022) for purposes of calculation dates that occur on or after April 1, 2022. This change and the change to the final rule described above treat tax changes in a consistent manner: In the case of reduction in revenue resulting from a tax cut, a recipient must add the amount of that reduction to its calculation of actual revenue, and in the case of an increase in revenue resulting from a tax increase, a recipient must subtract the amount of additional revenue collected as a result of the tax increase from its calculation of actual revenue.298 As is the case with tax cuts, discussed above, tax increases that must be reflected in the calculation of revenue include final legislative or regulatory action or a new or changed administrative interpretation that increases any tax and that the recipient assesses has had the effect of increasing tax revenue relative to current law. In assessing whether a tax change has had the effect of increasing tax revenue, recipients may either calculate the actual effect on revenue or rely on estimates prepared at the time the tax change was adopted. Recipients may rely on information typically prepared in the course of developing the budget (e.g., expected revenues) and/or considering tax changes (e.g., budget scores, revenue notes) to determine the amount of revenue that was collected as a result of the tax increase as long as those estimates are based on reasonable assumptions and do not use dynamic methodologies that incorporate the projected effects of macroeconomic growth, given that macroeconomic growth is accounted for in the counterfactual growth assumptions. Recipients that choose to calculate the actual effect of a tax change on revenue must similarly base their calculations on reasonable estimates that do not use dynamic methodologies. Recipients should apply this adjustment in determining their actual revenue totals at Step 3 in the revenue loss calculation described above. Previously Adopted Tax Changes As discussed above, the final rule will not require recipients to reflect the revenue effects of tax increases or decreases adopted prior to the adoption of the final rule. Recipients that adopted a tax change in a previous period will not be required to recalculate the amount of revenue loss as of prior calculation dates or to reflect the fiscal impacts of such tax changes in calculation dates after the effective date of the final rule. However, the final rule will permit recipients to elect to reflect the revenue effects of their tax changes adopted between the beginning of the public health emergency and the adoption of the final rule.299 If a recipient elects to do so, it must do so with respect to all of its tax changes adopted between the beginning of the public health emergency and the adoption of the final rule. Treasury intends to revise its reporting requirements to permit recipients to amend their previously reported calculation periods to reflect such changes. Determination of the Base Year Under the ARPA and interim final rule, SLFRF funds may be used ‘‘for the provision of government services to the extent of the reduction in revenue . . . relative to revenues collected in the most recent full fiscal year’’ of the recipient. Therefore, the base year for the revenue loss calculation is the most recent full fiscal year prior to the COVID–19 public health emergency. Public Comment: Treasury received multiple comments asking for flexibility in determining base year revenues. For instance, some commenters asked to use a different base year than the ‘‘most recent full fiscal year’’ prior to the pandemic for calculating revenue loss; others asked to be able to average prior years. Commenters stated that, for various reasons, revenue was artificially low in the last full fiscal year prior to the public health emergency, and, therefore, using revenue in that year as the base year did not accurately reflect expected revenue in a normal year. For example, several Tribes stated that unforeseeable weather events resulted in forced closure of casinos which, in turn, artificially deflated revenues in the base year. Other commenters indicated that one-time anomalies in the timing of tax collection in that year artificially pushed revenue into the following fiscal year. Similarly, a few commenters noted that tax changes that took effect in the middle of the base year may artificially skew the size of the revenue loss experienced by the recipient government. Treasury Response: Treasury understands that recipients may have experienced events in the base year that led to lower or higher revenues than what they otherwise would have collected. The ARPA provides that revenue loss is to be determined with respect to revenue in the most recent full fiscal year prior to the pandemic, and therefore the final rule maintains its incorporation of the statutory definition. In calculating revenue loss, recipients may use data on a cash, accrual, or modified accrual basis, provided that recipients are consistent in their choice of methodology throughout the covered period, which might help recipients adjust to certain delays in revenue receipt. Both the standard allowance and elements of the formula (e.g., VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00071 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4408 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 300 Pay-go infrastructure funding refers to the practice of funding capital projects with cash-on- hand from taxes, fees, grants, and other sources, rather than with borrowed sums. counterfactual growth rate) incorporate generous assumptions to give recipients flexibility and to account for variation among recipients’ experiences during the pandemic. Government Services The SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION to the interim final rule provided a non- exhaustive list of examples of services that are government services. The interim final rule also discussed why neither payment of debt service nor replenishing financial reserves constitutes government services, as these expenditures do not provide services but relate to the financing of such services. Similarly, government services under the interim final rule did not include satisfaction of any obligation arising under or pursuant to a settlement agreement, judgment, consent decree, or judicially confirmed debt restructuring in a judicial, administrative, or regulatory proceeding, unless the judgment or settlement required the provision of government services. Public Comment: Treasury received several comments requesting further clarification regarding the scope of government services, including asking for either a specific definition of government services or that a specific use be expressly deemed to be a government service. Some commenters disagreed with the exclusions from government services in the interim final rule. For instance, many of the comments Treasury received suggested that replenishing reserve funds and at least certain types of debt service should be treated as providing governmental services. Some commenters also suggested that a recipient should be able to use funds for costs incurred before March 3, 2021. Other commenters asked Treasury to maintain the prohibition on using the funds to pay debt service. Treasury Response: Treasury continues to believe that the lists of activities that either are or are not providing government services are accurate but is clarifying here that, generally speaking, services provided by the recipient governments are ‘‘government services’’ under the interim final rule and final rule, unless Treasury has stated otherwise. Government services include, but are not limited to, maintenance or pay-go funded building 300 of infrastructure, including roads; modernization of cybersecurity, including hardware, software, and protection of critical infrastructure; health services; environmental remediation; school or educational services; and the provision of police, fire, and other public safety services. The aforementioned list of government services is not exclusive. However, recipients should be mindful that other restrictions may apply, including those articulated in the section Restrictions on Use. In the final rule, Treasury is maintaining the limitations on government services included in the interim final rule and has addressed and responded to public commenters on these issues in the section Restrictions on Use. D. Investments in Water, Sewer, and Broadband Infrastructure Summary of Interim Final Rule Under the ARPA, recipients may use funds to make necessary investments in water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure. The interim final rule provided recipients with the ability to use funds for a broad array of uses within these categories. The interim final rule discussed two general provisions that apply across all water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure investments. First, the interim final rule addressed the meaning of ‘‘necessary’’ investments as meaning those designed to provide an adequate minimum level of service and unlikely to be made using private sources of funds. Second, the interim final rule encouraged recipients to use strong labor standards in water, sewer, and broadband projects, as discussed below. Necessary Investments The statute limits investments to those that are necessary. As discussed in more detail below, Treasury determined that the types of water and sewer projects that were authorized under the interim final rule by reference to existing Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) programs would in all cases be necessary investments given the conditions applicable to such EPA programs. Similarly, the interim final rule’s definition of eligible broadband projects as those designed to provide a certain standard of service to those households and businesses with limited existing service was based on the statutory requirement that investments in water, sewer, and broadband must be ‘‘necessary.’’ As discussed further below, Treasury has expanded the scope of what is an eligible water and sewer infrastructure project to include additional uses. In particular, the final rule permits use of SLFRF funds for certain dam and reservoir restoration projects and certain drinking water projects to support population growth. The nature of these additional uses is such that additional factors must be considered in determining whether one of these additional uses is a necessary project. In addition, Treasury recognizes that there may be a need for improvements to broadband beyond those households and businesses with limited existing service as defined in the interim final rule. Treasury has replaced this specific requirement based on an understanding that broadband investments may be necessary for a broader set of reasons. Given this expansion of what is considered in scope as a water, sewer, or broadband infrastructure project, the final rule provides a further elaboration of Treasury’s understanding of the conditions under which an infrastructure project will be considered to be a necessary investment. Treasury considers a necessary investment in infrastructure to be one that is (1) responsive to an identified need to achieve or maintain an adequate minimum level of service, which may include a reasonable projection of increased need, whether due to population growth or otherwise and (2) a cost-effective means for meeting that need, taking into account available alternatives. In addition, given that drinking water is a resource that is subject to depletion, in the case of investments in infrastructure that supply drinking water in order to meet projected population growth, the project must be projected to be sustainable over its estimated useful life. Not included in the list of criteria above is the requirement in the interim final rule that the project be unlikely to be made using private sources of funds. Given that it may be difficult to assess in a particular case what the probability of private investment in a project would be, Treasury has eliminated this standard from the meaning of necessary but still encourages recipients to prioritize projects that would provide the greatest public benefit in their respective jurisdictions. Strong Labor Standards in Water, Sewer, and Broadband Construction As stated in the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule, Treasury encourages recipients to carry out investments in water, sewer, or broadband infrastructure in ways that produce high-quality infrastructure, avert disruptive and costly delays, and VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00072 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4409 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 301 Treasury received several comments related to its encouragement of certain wage and labor standards in the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule. Some commenters opposed this encouragement, arguing that even encouragement and reference to PLAs and prevailing wage laws could lead to confusion or make it more likely that recipients would apply labor standards in ways that would discourage competition and raise project costs. Conversely, some commenters supported the encouragement of the use of certain standards, including giving preference to employers that meet certain employment standards (e.g., those that maintain high safety and training standards) because it would support the goal of completing water, sewer, and broadband projects efficiently and safely. As in the interim final rule, this encouragement does not impose a legally binding restriction on recipients. 302 See U.S. Department of the Treasury, Compliance and Reporting Guidance, 21 (June 24, 2021), https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/ SLFRF-Compliance-and-Reporting-Guidance.pdf. promote efficiency.301 Treasury encourages recipients to use strong labor standards, including project labor agreements (PLAs) and community benefits agreements that offer wages at or above the prevailing rate and include local hire provisions. Treasury also recommends that recipients prioritize in their procurement decisions employers who can demonstrate that their workforce meets high safety and training standards (e.g., professional certification, licensure, and/or robust in- house training), that hire local workers and/or workers from historically underserved communities, and who directly employ their workforce or have policies and practices in place to ensure contractors and subcontractors meet high labor standards. Treasury further encourages recipients to prioritize employers (including contractors and subcontractors) without recent violations of federal and state labor and employment laws. Treasury believes that such practices will promote effective and efficient delivery of high-quality infrastructure projects and support the economic recovery through strong employment opportunities for workers. Such practices will also reduce the likelihood of potential project challenges like work stoppages or safety accidents, while ensuring a reliable supply of skilled labor and minimizing disruptions, such as those associated with labor disputes or workplace injuries. That will, in turn, promote on-time and on-budget delivery. Furthermore, among other requirements contained in 2 CFR 200, Appendix II, all contracts made by a recipient or subrecipient in excess of $100,000 with respect to water, sewer, or broadband infrastructure project that involve employment of mechanics or laborers must include a provision for compliance with certain provisions of the Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act, 40 U.S.C. 3702 and 3704, as supplemented by Department of Labor regulations (29 CFR part 5). Treasury will continue to seek information from recipients on their workforce plans and water, sewer, and broadband projects undertaken with SLFRF funds. This reporting will support transparency and competition by enhancing available information on the services being provided. Since publication of the interim final rule, Treasury has provided recipients with additional guidance and instructions on the reporting requirements.302 Environmental and Other Generally Applicable Requirements Treasury cautions that, as is the case with all projects engaged in using the SLFRF funds, all projects must comply with applicable federal, state, and local law. In the case of infrastructure projects in particular, this includes environmental and permitting laws and regulations. Likewise, as with all capital expenditure projects using SLFRF funds, projects must be undertaken and completed in a manner that is technically sound, meaning that they must meet design and construction methods and use materials that are approved, codified, recognized, fall under standard or acceptable levels of practice, or otherwise are determined to be generally acceptable by the design and construction industry. 1. Water and Sewer Infrastructure Sections 602(c)(1)(D) and Section 603(c)(1)(D) of the Social Security Act provide that recipients may use the SLFRF funds ‘‘to make necessary investments in water [and] sewer . . . infrastructure.’’ The interim final rule permitted a broad range of necessary investments in projects that improve access to clean drinking water and improve wastewater and stormwater infrastructure systems. As discussed below, after review of comments received on the interim final rule, Treasury has made changes in the final rule to expand the scope of eligible water and sewer projects. Summary of Interim Final Rule and Final Rule Structure Background: In the interim final rule, Treasury aligned eligible uses of the SLFRF with the wide range of types or categories of projects that would be eligible to receive financial assistance through the Clean Water State Revolving Fund (CWSRF) or Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) administered by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). By referring to these existing programs, with which many recipients are already familiar, Treasury intended to provide flexibility to recipients to respond to the needs of their communities while facilitating recipients’ identification of eligible projects. Furthermore, by aligning SLFRF eligible uses with these existing programs, Treasury could ensure that projects using the SLFRF are limited to ‘‘necessary investments.’’ Public Comment: Treasury received many comments responding to the water and sewer infrastructure provisions of the interim final rule from state, local, and Tribal governments, industry trade associations, public interest groups, private individuals, and other interested parties. Commenters requested that Treasury provide a wider set of eligible uses for water and sewer infrastructure beyond those uses articulated by the DWSRF and CWSRF, suggesting that Treasury expand the definition of necessary water and sewer infrastructure. Treasury Response: In response to commenters, Treasury is expanding the eligible use categories for water and sewer infrastructure, discussed in further detail below. Because the interim final rule aligned the definition of necessary water and sewer infrastructure with the eligible uses included in the DWSRF and CWSRF, Treasury is reflecting in the final rule a revised standard for determining a necessary water and sewer infrastructure investment for eligible water and sewer uses beyond those uses that are eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF. Interpretation of Necessary Investments and Water and Sewer Infrastructure Necessary Investments: As discussed above, Treasury considers an investment in infrastructure to be necessary if it is (1) responsive to an identified need to achieve or maintain an adequate minimum level of service, which for some eligible project categories may include a reasonable projection of increased need, whether due to population growth or otherwise and (2) a cost-effective means for meeting that need, taking into account available alternatives. In addition, in the case of investments in drinking water service infrastructure to supply drinking water to satisfy a projected increase in population, the project must also be projected to be sustainable over its estimated useful life. As detailed further below, DWSRF and CWSRF eligible projects continue to be presumed to be necessary investments under the final VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00073 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4410 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 303 See 40 CFR 35.3520(b)(2)(vi). 304 In such cases, either the projects are presumptively cost-effective (e.g., lead projects would always be considered cost-effective given the costs imposed by lead poisoning) or a cost- effectiveness test is less relevant given the lack of available alternatives or the relatively low cost of the project. 305 In many jurisdictions, stormwater flows into the sewer system rather than into a separate stormwater system. The separate inclusion of ‘‘water’’ and ‘‘sewer’’ infrastructure also makes clear that ‘‘water’’ in this context cannot refer to all uses relevant to water. Given that sewer systems carry wastewater (and often stormwater), if water infrastructure were to refer to all water-related infrastructure in this context, it would make the inclusion of sewer infrastructure redundant. rule, with the exception of projects for the rehabilitation of dams and reservoirs, which the EPA has permitted in certain circumstances under the DWSRF and, as discussed below, are addressed separately in the final rule. In evaluating whether a project would respond to a need to achieve or maintain an adequate minimum level of service, a recipient should consider whether it would meet the needs of the population to be served and would satisfy applicable standards. For example, a drinking water project must be sized such that it provides an adequate volume of water to households and other customers and must meet applicable standards for drinking water quality under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Similarly, a centralized wastewater treatment project should be designed to manage updated estimated flow rates and comply with Clean Water Act requirements. These requirements are already reflected in the eligibility criteria of the DWSRF and CWSRF, respectively. In evaluating whether a project is a cost-effective means of providing the water or sewer service, the recipient should consider the need for the project, the costs and benefits of the project compared to alternatives, and the effectiveness of the project in meeting the identified need. Recipients are not required to conduct a full cost-benefit analysis; however, they should consider and analyze relevant factors. For example, a recipient may not use funds to pursue a costly dam rehabilitation to provide drinking water to a community if it could provide the same service with a significantly smaller investment by drawing water from another available reservoir, assuming that doing so would meet the other requirements of the final rule. As detailed further below, recipients are only required to assess cost-effectiveness of projects for the creation of new drinking water systems, dam and reservoir rehabilitation projects, or projects for the extension of drinking water service to meet population growth needs. Certain DWSRF eligibilities are already subject to a cost-effectiveness test. Specifically, projects that create new drinking water systems must be a cost-effective solution to addressing the identified problem.303 The EPA also imposes a cost-effectiveness condition on dam and reservoir rehabilitation projects undertaken pursuant to its class deviation from the DWSRF rule. These projects are particularly expensive and, unlike in the case of other types of eligible projects, there are often available alternatives to conducting these projects. Projects for the extension of drinking water service to meet population growth needs are also often particularly expensive, and there are often different ways to meet the needs of expanding populations. Treasury will accordingly require that recipients engage in a cost-effectiveness analysis when engaging in projects for the creation of new drinking water systems, dam and reservoir rehabilitation projects, or projects for the extension of drinking water service to meet population growth needs. Other types of eligible water or sewer projects will not be subject to this cost-effectiveness test, including lead line replacement and lead remediation.304 In the case of projects that expand drinking water service infrastructure to satisfy a projected increase in population, the project must also be sustainable, meaning that the project can continue providing the adequate minimum level of service for its estimated useful life, taking into account projected impacts of changes to the climate and other expected demands on the source of water. For example, a reservoir rehabilitation project may not be pursued if the reservoir will no longer be able to provide an adequate source of drinking water before the end of the estimated useful life of the improvements to the reservoir. In areas currently impacted by drought or where drought conditions are expected to be more frequent or more severe in the future, sources of drinking water may be diminished more quickly than in prior periods. In considering how much of a source of water will be available in the future for the drinking water project, a recipient must consider that a source of water may be drawn upon or otherwise used for other current and expected uses, including use by fish and other wildlife. The final rule applies this sustainability condition to projects that expand drinking water service infrastructure to satisfy a projected increase in population but not to other drinking water projects. When a new source of water is required to remedy an existing threat to public health, as in the case of source projects eligible under the DWSRF, sustainability should be a consideration, but in some cases, the need to replace a contaminated source may mean that a less sustainable choice may be made. When faced with such an issue, such as in the case of a contaminated well system, a project to replace the contaminated source can be said to be ‘‘necessary’’ even if the replaced source is not sustainable over the long term. Expediency may dictate that a shorter-term solution is pursued if it is cost-effective and will prevent health issues while a longer-term solution can be found. In contrast, an expansion to accommodate population growth cannot be said to be necessary if it is not sustainable over its estimated useful life. Not included in the list of criteria above is the requirement in the interim final rule that the project be unlikely to be made using private sources of funds. Given that it may be difficult to assess in a particular case what the probability of private investment in a project would be, Treasury has eliminated this standard from the meaning of necessary but nevertheless encourages recipients to apply funds to projects that would provide the greatest public benefit. Water and Sewer Infrastructure: As stated above, Congress provided that SLFRF funds are available for ‘‘necessary water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure.’’ Treasury interprets the reference to water and sewer uses consistent with the inclusion of broadband uses. Water, sewer, and broadband infrastructure all involve the provision of essential services to residents, businesses, and other consumers. As the pandemic has made clear, access to broadband has itself become essential for individuals and businesses to participate in education, commerce, work, and civic matters and to receive health care and social services. Water and sewer services provided broadly to the public as essential services include the provision of drinking water and the removal, management, and treatment of wastewater and stormwater.305 Although governments are engaged in other infrastructure related to water, including irrigation projects, transportation projects, and recreation projects, such projects go beyond the scope of what is provided to all residents as an essential service. Provision of drinking water and removal, management, and treatment of VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00074 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4411 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 306 In addition, Treasury interprets the eligible uses of SLFRF funds against the background of the Coronavirus Relief Fund (CRF), for which the SLFRF funds are, in part, a successor. CRF recipients expressed great interest in using the CRF to pursue water infrastructure projects, including provision of drinking water and internal plumbing on Tribal lands and in Alaskan villages, and broadband projects throughout the country; Treasury permitted these projects given the connection to the public health emergency (see Coronavirus Relief Fund for States, Tribal Governments, and Certain Eligible Local Governments, 86 FR 4182, 4190, 4192 (Jan. 15, 2021), but the short deadline for use of funds made it difficult to use CRF funds in this way. Congress’ inclusion of the water, sewer, and broadband clause in the ARPA, along with the SLFRF funds’ longer eligible use date, is responsive to this unmet need. As discussed below, Congress in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act amended sections 602(c) and 603(c) of the Social Security Act to add a new paragraph as sections 602(c)(4) and 603(c)(5), respectively, providing that SLFRF funds may be used to meet non-federal matching requirements of any authorized Bureau of Reclamation project. This authority was added as a separately enumerated eligible use regardless of whether the underlying project would be an eligible use of SLFRF funds under the water and sewer infrastructure eligible use category. 307 See, e.g., section 502 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1362), defining ‘‘green infrastructure’’ as ‘‘the range of measures that use plant or soil systems, permeable pavement or other permeable surfaces or substrates, stormwater harvest and reuse, or landscaping to store, infiltrate, or evapotranspirate stormwater and reduce flows to sewer systems or to surface waters.’’ 308 Specifically, this would include desalination projects that decrease the burden on aquifers where there is causal relationship between aquifer withdrawals and saltwater intrusion if the projects implement a nonpoint source pollution Continued wastewater and stormwater are the typical responsibilities of ‘‘water and sewer’’ authorities throughout the country, and there is a tremendous need for improvements to the ability of state, local, and Tribal governments to provide such services, including to address the consequences of deferred maintenance and additional resiliency needed to adapt to changes to the climate.306 Although the meaning of water and sewer infrastructure for purposes of sections 602(c)(1)(D) and 603(c)(1)(D) of the Social Security Act does not include all water-related uses, Treasury has made clear in this final rule that investments to infrastructure include a wide variety of projects. Treasury interprets the word ‘‘infrastructure’’ in this context broadly to mean the underlying framework or system for achieving the given public purpose, whether it be provision of drinking water or management of wastewater or stormwater.307 As discussed below, this can include not just storm drains and culverts for the management of stormwater, for example, but also bioretention basins and rain barrels implemented across a watershed, including on both public and private property, that together reduce the amount of runoff that needs to be managed by traditional infrastructure. Further, Treasury understands that investments in infrastructure include improvements that increase the capacity of existing infrastructure and extend the useful life of existing infrastructure. Accordingly, water and sewer infrastructure investment projects include those that conserve water, thereby reducing pressure on infrastructure for the provision of drinking water, and that recycle wastewater and stormwater, thereby reducing pressure on the infrastructure for treating and managing wastewater and stormwater. As with other infrastructure projects and capital expenditure projects that are permitted as responses to the public health emergency and its negative economic impacts, costs for planning and design and associated pre-project costs are eligible uses of SLFRF funds. Costs for the acquisition of land are also eligible, but only if needed for the purposes of locating eligible project components. Recipients should ensure that they have the technical, financial, and managerial capability to ensure compliance with the requirements of the SDWA, or that the assistance will ensure compliance and the owners or operators of the systems will undertake feasible and appropriate changes in operations to ensure compliance over the long-term. Drinking Water State Revolving Fund and Clean Water State Revolving Fund Background: As stated above, in the interim final rule, Treasury included eligible uses of the DWSRF and the CWSRF as eligible uses of the SLFRF in the water and sewer infrastructure category. By providing that projects eligible under the DWSRF and the CWSRF are also eligible uses of SLFRF funds, the interim final rule permitted a broad range of projects that improve drinking water infrastructure, such as building or upgrading facilities and transmission, distribution, and storage systems, including replacement of lead service lines. With respect to clean water and wastewater infrastructure, the interim final rule provided that recipients may use SLFRF funds to construct publicly owned treatment infrastructure, manage and treat stormwater or subsurface drainage water, and facilitate water reuse, among other uses. Consistent with the DWSRF and the CWSRF, the interim final rule provided that SLFRF funds may be used for cybersecurity needs to protect water or sewer infrastructure, such as developing effective cybersecurity practices and measures at drinking water systems and publicly owned treatment works. Use of DWSRF and CWSRF to Support Climate Change Adaptations. Many of the types of projects eligible under either the DWSRF or CWSRF also support efforts to address climate change. For example, by taking steps to manage potential sources of pollution and preventing these sources from reaching sources of drinking water, projects eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF may reduce energy required to treat drinking water. Similarly, projects eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF include measures to conserve and reuse water, for example through projects to reuse or recycle wastewater, stormwater, or subsurface drainage water. Treasury encourages recipients to consider green infrastructure investments and projects to improve resilience to the effects of climate change. For example, more frequent and extreme precipitation events combined with construction and development trends have led to increased instances of stormwater runoff, water pollution, and flooding. Green infrastructure projects that support stormwater system resiliency could include bioretention basins that provide water storage and filtration benefits, and green streets, where vegetation, soil, and engineered systems are combined to direct and filter rainwater from impervious surfaces. In cases of a natural disaster, recipients may also use SLFRF funds for water infrastructure to provide relief, such as interconnecting water systems or rehabilitating existing wells during an extended drought. Public Comment: Many commenters expressed support for the interim final rule’s alignment of the use of funds for water and sewer infrastructure under the SLFRF with the project categories provided through the EPA’s DWSRF and CWSRF programs. Many commenters also provided recommendations about the specific types of water infrastructure projects that should be eligible under the final rule. In many of these cases, commenters recommended that Treasury include project types that are already eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF and thus eligible under the interim final rule and final rule. For example, several commenters requested that aquifer recharge projects, or other groundwater protection and restoration projects, be included as eligible uses of SLFRF when certain aquifer recharge projects that (1) implement a nonpoint source pollution management program 308 or (2) constitute reuse of VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00075 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4412 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations management program under section 319 of the Clean Water Act. This could include projects in which desalinated seawater is injected into the aquifer to mitigate or prevent salt water intrusion, as well as projects in which brackish water is removed from an aquifer, desalinated, and returned to the aquifer. 309 See 42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a)(2)(B) (limiting financial assistance used by a public water system to expenditures (including expenditures for planning, design, siting, and associated preconstruction activities, or for replacing or rehabilitating aging treatment, storage, or distribution facilities of public water systems, but not including monitoring, operation, and maintenance expenditures of a type or category which the Administrator of the EPA has determined, through guidance, will facilitate compliance with national primary drinking water regulations applicable to the system under 42 U.S.C. 300g–1 or otherwise significantly further the health protection objectives of the SWDA); See also 40 CFR 35.3520(b). 310 See 40 CFR 35.3520(d)(1). 311 See id at §35.3520(e)(2)–(4). 312 33 U.S.C. 1383(c). 313 33 U.S.C. 1292. 314 33 U.S.C. 1329. 315 33 U.S.C. 1330. wastewater, stormwater, or subsurface drainage water are in fact eligible uses under the CWSRF. Furthermore, under the DWSRF, eligible projects include certain aquifer storage and recovery systems for water storage. Treasury Response: Eligible projects articulated in the DWSRF and CWSRF continue to be eligible uses of SLFRF funds under the final rule. Recognizing that recipients have faced challenges interpreting eligible use categories under the interim final rule or cross- referencing EPA program materials to interpret eligible project types, Treasury is including in this Supplementary Information additional information on the types of projects eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF. Treasury emphasizes that this further clarification does not represent a change in eligibility. Treasury encourages recipients to reference EPA handbooks for the DWSRF and CWSRF, which provide further information and detail about the types of projects eligible under those programs and thus under the final rule. Eligible projects under the DWSRF. Eligibilities under the DWSRF, the interim final rule, and the final rule include projects that address present or prevent future violations of health-based drinking water standards. These include projects needed to maintain compliance with existing national primary drinking water regulations for contaminants with acute and chronic health effects. Projects to replace aging infrastructure are also eligible uses if they are needed to maintain compliance or further the public health protection objectives of section 1452 of the SDWA.309 The following project categories are eligible under the DWSRF, were eligible under the interim final rule, and continue to be eligible under the final rule: (i) Treatment projects, including installation or upgrade of facilities to improve the quality of drinking water to comply with primary or secondary standards and point of entry or central treatment under section 1401(4)(B)(i)(III) of the SDWA. (ii) Transmission and distribution projects, including installation or replacement of transmission and distribution pipes to improve water pressure to safe levels or to prevent contamination caused by leaks or breaks in the pipes. (iii) Source projects, including rehabilitation of wells or development of eligible sources to replace contaminated sources. (iv) Storage projects, including installation or upgrade of eligible storage facilities, including finished water reservoirs, to prevent microbiological contaminants from entering a public water system. (v) Consolidation projects, including projects needed to consolidate water supplies where, for example, a supply has become contaminated or a system is unable to maintain compliance for technical, financial, or managerial reasons. (vi) Creation of new systems, including those that, upon completion, will create a community water system to address existing public health problems with serious risks caused by unsafe drinking water provided by individual wells or surface water sources. Eligible projects are also those that create a new regional community water system by consolidating existing systems that have technical, financial, or managerial difficulties. Projects to address existing public health problems associated with individual wells or surface water sources must be limited in scope to the specific geographic area affected by contamination. Projects that create new regional community water systems by consolidating existing systems must be limited in scope to the service area of the systems being consolidated. Ineligible projects under the DWSRF. Federally-owned public water systems and for-profit noncommunity water systems are not eligible to receive DWSRF funds and therefore SLFRF funds.310 The acquisition of water rights, laboratory fees for routine compliance monitoring, and operation and maintenance expenses are not costs associated with investments in infrastructure and thus would not be eligible under the final rule. 311 Projects needed primarily to serve future population growth are also ineligible under the DWSRF; the treatment of such projects under the final rule is discussed separately below under ‘‘Expansion of Drinking Water Service.’’ Projects eligible under the DWSRF must be sized only to accommodate a reasonable amount of population growth expected to occur over the useful life of the project. Eligible projects under the CWSRF. The final rule continues to allow the use of SLFRF funds for projects eligible under the CWSRF, consistent with the interim final rule. Under the CWSRF, a project must meet the criteria of one of the following CWSRF eligibilities to be eligible for assistance. Section 603(c) of the Clean Water Act (CWA)312 provides that the CWSRF can provide assistance: (i) to any municipality, intermunicipal, interstate, or state agency for construction of publicly owned treatment works (as defined in section 212 of the CWA);313 (ii) for the implementation of a management program established under section 319 of the CWA;314 (iii) for the development and implementation of a conservation and management plan under section 320 of the CWA;315 (iv) for the construction, repair, or replacement of decentralized wastewater treatment systems that treat municipal wastewater or domestic sewage. Eligible projects include, but are not limited to, the construction of new decentralized systems (e.g., individual onsite systems and cluster systems), as well as the upgrade, repair, or replacement of existing systems. (v) for measures to manage, reduce, treat, or recapture stormwater or subsurface drainage water. Publicly and privately owned, permitted and unpermitted projects that manage, reduce, treat, or recapture stormwater or subsurface drainage water are eligible. For example, projects that are specifically required by a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit are eligible, regardless of ownership. Projects may include, but are not limited to green roofs, bioretention basins, roadside plantings, porous pavement, and rainwater harvesting. (vi) to any municipality, intermunicipal, interstate, or state agency for measures to reduce the demand for publicly owned treatment works capacity through water conservation, efficiency, or reuse. Eligible projects include, but are not limited to, the installation, replacement, or upgrade of water meters; plumbing fixture retrofits or replacement; and gray water recycling. Water audits and water conservation plans are also eligible. VerDate Sep<11>2014 20:28 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00076 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4413 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 316 33 U.S.C. 1274. Equipment to reuse effluent (e.g., gray water, condensate, and wastewater effluent reuse systems) is eligible. (vii) for the development and implementation of watershed projects meeting the criteria set forth in section 122 of the CWA.316 Projects that develop or implement a watershed pilot project related to at least one of the six areas identified in section 122 of the CWA are eligible: Watershed management of wet weather discharges, stormwater best management practices, watershed partnerships, integrated water resource planning, municipality- wide stormwater management planning, or increased resilience of treatment works. (viii) to any municipality, intermunicipal, interstate, or state agency for measures to reduce the energy consumption needs for publicly owned treatment works. Projects may include, but are not limited to, the installation of energy efficient lighting, HVAC, process equipment, and electronic equipment and systems at publicly owned treatment works. Planning activities, such as energy audits and optimization studies are also eligible. (ix) for reusing or recycling wastewater, stormwater, or subsurface drainage water. Projects involving the reuse or recycling of wastewater, stormwater, or subsurface drainage water are eligible. This includes, as part of a reuse project, the purchase and installation of treatment equipment sufficient to meet reuse standards. Other eligible projects include, but are not limited to, distribution systems to support effluent reuse, including piping the effluent on the property of a private consumer, recharge transmission lines, injection wells, and equipment to reuse effluent (e.g., gray water, condensate, and wastewater effluent reuse systems). (x) for measures to increase the security of publicly owned treatment works. Security measures for publicly owned treatment works might include, but are not limited to, vulnerability assessments, contingency/emergency response plans, fencing, security cameras/lighting, motion detectors, redundancy (systems and power), secure chemical and fuel storage, laboratory equipment, securing large sanitary sewers, and tamper-proof manholes. The CWSRF cannot fund operations and maintenance activities. Therefore, maintaining a human presence (i.e., security guards) and monitoring activities are not eligible. Other Clarifications of DSWRF and CWSRF Eligible Project Categories Public Comment: Several commenters requested that Treasury provide clarification of the requirements associated with use of SLFRF funds for necessary investments in water and sewer infrastructure. Treasury Response: After release of the interim final rule, Treasury clarified in further guidance that, while recipients must ensure that water and sewer infrastructure projects pursued are eligible under the final rule, recipients are not required to obtain project pre-approval from Treasury or any other federal agency when using SLFRF funds for necessary water and sewer infrastructure projects unless otherwise required by federal law. For projects that are being pursued under the eligibility categories provided through the DWSRF or CWSRF programs, project eligibilities are based on federal project categories and definitions for the programs and not on each state’s eligibility or definitions. While reference in the final rule to the DWSRF, CWSRF, or other federal water programs is provided to assist recipients in understanding the types of water and sewer infrastructure projects eligible to be funded with SLFRF, recipients do not need to apply for funding from the applicable state programs or through any federal water program. Similarly, besides eligible project categories, the final rule does not incorporate other program requirements or guidance that attach to the DWSRF, CWSRF, or other federal water programs. However, as noted above, recipients should be aware of other federal or state laws or regulations that may apply to construction projects or water and sewer projects, independent of SLFRF funding conditions, and that may require pre- approval from another federal or state agency. Expanded Eligible Uses for Water and Sewer Infrastructure Summary Public Comment: Many commenters requested broader flexibility in the use of SLFRF funds for water and sewer infrastructure projects that are not eligible under the DWSRF and CWSRF. These commenters argued that localities are best situated to identify the highest- need water and sewer projects in their communities. Several Tribal government commenters noted that Tribes have different water and sewer infrastructure needs than states and localities and that additional flexibility in the use of funds would lift current barriers to improving infrastructure on Tribal lands. To achieve additional flexibility, commenters suggested a range of options for broadening the eligible use of SLFRF funds for necessary water and sewer infrastructure. For example, several commenters suggested Treasury broaden the eligibilities provided under the interim final rule to include project types eligible under other federal water and sewer programs. Treasury Response: Treasury agrees that additional flexibility for use of SLFRF funds is warranted and is providing expanded eligibilities as described below, several of which address specific areas of need outlined by Tribal and rural communities. As discussed below, Treasury has incorporated into the final rule projects that are eligible under certain programs established by the EPA under the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act (WIIN Act). Other water- related grant programs cited by commenters include projects that are otherwise already covered by the final rule, for example because they are covered as eligible under the DWSRF or the CWSRF, or projects that are ineligible under the final rule because they are beyond the scope of the meaning of water and sewer projects for purposes of ARPA. To minimize the need for recipients of SLFRF funds to cross reference eligibilities across multiple federal programs, which may exacerbate current challenges to understanding eligibility under SLFRF, Treasury is providing detailed information related to expanded eligibilities within the text of this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for the final rule. Stormwater Infrastructure Public Comment: Several commenters requested that additional stormwater infrastructure projects be included as eligible uses of SLFRF funds under the final rule. Commenters suggested that culvert repair and resizing and replacement of storm sewers is necessary to address increased rainfall brought about by a changing climate. Other commenters noted that rural communities that do not manage their own sewer systems may rely on this type of water infrastructure. Treasury Response: The CWSRF includes a broad range of stormwater infrastructure projects, and as such these projects were eligible under the interim final rule and continue to be eligible under the final rule. These projects include gray infrastructure projects, such as traditional pipe, storage, and treatment systems. Projects VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00077 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4414 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 317 The White House, Updated Fact Sheet: Bipartisan Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (August 2, 2021), https://www.whitehouse.gov/ briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/08/02/ updated-fact-sheet-bipartisan-infrastructure- investment-and-jobs-act/. 318 See EPA Science Advisory Board, Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Partial Lead Service Line Replacements, (September 2011), https:// www.epa.gov/sdwa/science-advisory-board- evaluation-effectiveness-partial-lead-service-line- replacements (advising against partial lead service line replacement). 319 Environmental Protection Agency, supra note 188. 320 Environmental Protection Agency, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Lead and Copper Rule Revisions, 86 FR 4198. 40 CFR 141.84, and preamble at 4215, January 15, 2021, https:// www.federalregister.gov/d/2020-28691; scheduled to become effective December 16, 2021, Environmental Protection Agency, 86 FR 31939, https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2021-12600. 321 Eligible uses of funds include those eligible under the Small, Underserved, and Disadvantaged Communities Grant (Section 2104), Reduction in Lead Exposure via Drinking Water Grant Program (Section 2105) and Lead Testing in School and Child Care Program Drinking Water Grant Program (Section 2107). 322 Such testing and remediation programs would be an eligible use of SLFRF funds given that they that manage, reduce, treat, or recapture stormwater or subsurface drainage water are also eligible, including real-time control systems for combined sewer overflow management, and sediment control. Culvert infrastructure projects are eligible under the CWSRF if they (1) implement a nonpoint source management plan, (2) implement National Estuary Program Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan, or (3) implement a stormwater management plan with the goal of providing a water quality benefit. Stormwater projects under the CWSRF also encompass a number of eligible green infrastructure categories, such as green roofs, green streets, and green walls, rainwater harvesting collection, storage, management, and distribution systems, real-time control systems for harvested rainwater, infiltration basins, constructed wetlands, including surface flow and subsurface flow (e.g., gravel) wetlands, bioretention/bioswales (e.g., bioretention basins, tree boxes), permeable pavement, wetland, riparian, or shoreline creation, protection, and restoration, establishment or restoration of urban tree canopy, and replacement of gray infrastructure with green infrastructure including purchase and demolition costs. In addition to the eligible uses under the CWSRF, Treasury is expanding the eligible uses under the final rule to include stormwater system infrastructure projects regardless of whether there is an expected water quality benefit from the project. Treasury anticipates that this eligible use will allow recipients to manage increased volumes of stormwater as a result of changes to the climate. For example, the final rule now permits the use of SLFRF funds for the repair, replacement, or removal of culverts or other road-stream crossing infrastructure to the extent the purpose of the project is to manage stormwater. In addition, Treasury understands that the repair, replacement, or removal of culverts may necessitate the repair or upgrade of roads. As noted in guidance issued after the interim final rule, recipients may use SLFRF funds for road repairs and upgrades that interact directly with an eligible stormwater infrastructure project. All stormwater infrastructure projects undertaken should incorporate updated design features and current best practices. Private Wells and Septic Systems Public Comment: Several commenters requested that the scope of eligible projects be expanded to allow for the expenditure of SLFRF funds on private wells or septic systems. Commenters noted that wells may be contaminated with dangerous substances, including arsenic, lead, radon, and PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl). Commenters also suggested that, because rural and underserved communities are often reliant on these infrastructure types for their drinking water or wastewater needs, lack of appropriate funding to maintain these systems could present health and safety issues that disproportionately affect certain communities. Treasury Response: Consistent with the CWSRF, the installation, repair, or replacement of private septic units continues to be an eligible use of SLFRF funds under the final rule. For example, eligible projects include those that address groundwater contamination resulting from faulty septic units and those that would connect failing septic systems to centralized wastewater treatment. Consistent with the DWSRF, connecting homes served by a private well to a public water system is an eligible use of SLFRF funds. In addition, Treasury has provided in the final rule that recipients may use SLFRF funds for an expanded set of infrastructure projects that improve access to and provision of safe drinking water for individuals served by residential wells. Eligible projects under this category include rehabilitation of private wells, testing initiatives to identify contaminants in wells, and treatment activities and remediation strategies that address contamination. Remediating Lead in Water Public Comment: Several commenters emphasized the need to fully remediate lead contamination, especially in structures that serve the public or populations like children that are particularly vulnerable to the effects of lead exposure, such as schools and daycares. Many American households and an estimated 400,000 schools and childcare centers currently lack safe drinking water.317 Treasury Response: The replacement of lead service lines, up to premise plumbing, is an eligible use under the DWSRF and continues to be an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Such projects are eligible regardless of the pipe material of the replacement lines and ownership of the property on which the service line is located. Lead service line replacement projects can serve households, schools, or any other entities. Given the lifelong impacts of lead exposure for children and the widespread prevalence of lead service lines, Treasury encourages recipients to consider projects to replace lead service lines. In addition, Treasury is providing in the final rule that for lead service line replacement projects, recipients must replace the full length of the service line, and not just a partial portion of the service line. Some water utilities, when replacing service lines, will only replace the ‘‘public portion’’ of the service line and physically slice through the lead service line at the public/private line. This action can result in elevated drinking water lead levels for some period of time after replacement, suggesting the potential for harm, rather than benefit during that time period.318 Requiring replacement of the full length of the service line is also consistent with the requirements of the EPA’s Lead and Copper Rule Revisions for water systems that have an action level exceedance for lead 319 and certain other water systems.320 Treasury is expanding eligible uses of SLFRF funds to include infrastructure projects eligible under EPA grant programs authorized by the WIIN Act.321 Eligible projects under these programs include the installation or re- optimization of corrosion control treatment, replacing lead service lines, replacing galvanized pipes downstream of a lead service line (other than lead pipes within a home as discussed below), and maintaining an inventory of the drinking water system’s service lines. Water quality testing, compliance monitoring, and remediation activities in schools and other childcare facilities, as well as activities necessary to respond to a contaminant, are eligible uses of SLFRF funds.322 Remediation VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00078 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4415 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations would help a recipient determine whether an infrastructure project, such as a lead line replacement, is necessary. In contrast, as mentioned above, the costs of continual testing that is part of a drinking water or wastewater facilities’ operating costs would not be considered part of an infrastructure project. 323 See EPA, Approval of Class Exception from the Regulatory Prohibitions on the Use of Drinking Water State Revolving Fund for Rehabilitation of Dams and Reservoirs (July 14, 2021), available at https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2021- 07/dwsrf-class-deviation-dam-reservoir-rehab-2021_ 0.pdf. 324 As noted in the EPA’s class deviation, examples of dam rehabilitation projects include spillway reconstruction or repair; dam resurfacing, patching, or other structural repairs, including minimal height increases if needed to maintain the structural integrity of the dam; grouting for seepage control or liquefaction remediation (e.g., epoxy resin, asphalt, or rock); repair or replacement of drainage systems; and seismic stability efforts (e.g., anchors). Examples of reservoir rehabilitation projects include sedimentation dredging and reservoir lining. activities such as replacement of faucets, internal plumbing, and fixtures in schools and childcare facilities are also an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Consistent with the EPA programs, replacement of lead pipes within a home is not eligible under the final rule because the vast majority of lead contamination cases can be solved by replacing lead service lines (including on public and private property) and faucets and fixtures themselves. As such, replacement of lead pipes within a home would not be considered a cost- effective means for achieving the desired level of service and thus would not be a ‘‘necessary’’ investment. The provision of bottled water is also not an eligible use of SLFRF funds under this eligible use category, as it is not an investment in infrastructure. However, bottled water in areas with an action level exceedance for lead in water may be an eligible use of SLFRF funds under a separate eligible use category for ‘‘remediation of lead paint and other lead hazards;’’ see Assistance to Households in Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts. Water filtration systems are eligible under the EPA grant programs and the final rule as long as they are installed as a permanent part of a facility’s system and not intended for temporary use. Conducting remediation, follow-up monitoring, and conducting public education and outreach about the availability of infrastructure programs, such as water testing and fixture replacement programs funded with SLFRF funds or otherwise, are also eligible projects. Finally, recipients should note that ‘‘remediation of lead paint and other lead hazards’’ is a separate eligible use category and a broader range of programs and services may be eligible under that section, including investments that are not infrastructure; see the eligible use for ‘‘remediation of lead paint and other lead hazards’’ in section Assistance to Households in Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts. Dams and Reservoirs Public Comment: Many commenters requested that Treasury broaden eligibilities to include dams and reservoirs, infrastructure that commenters noted may in its current state be unsafe and could put surrounding communities at risk. Some commenters argued that dams and reservoirs play an important role in providing municipal water supply and water to irrigate farmland, including in areas impacted by recent droughts. Other commenters noted that a large number of dams are currently classified as high-hazard structures, the failure of which would have severe consequences for public safety and the local environment. With respect to reservoirs, commenters articulated that changing climate conditions have necessitated upgrades to reservoir infrastructure to ensure existing facilities can meet the local water needs of a community. Commenters noted that communities facing drought may also need to adjust or enhance reservoirs to maintain adequate water supply. In contrast, several commenters suggested that infrastructure projects related to dams and reservoirs should not be considered eligible uses of SLFRF funds. These commenters noted that alternate sources of funding exist for dam and reservoir projects and that dams and reservoir infrastructure could result in negative impacts to Tribal communities and negative environmental impacts, including harm to wildlife habitats. Treasury Response: Treasury understands that many dams and reservoirs in need of rehabilitation are dams and reservoirs whose primary purpose is to provide drinking water. As discussed above, SLFRF funds are available for projects related to the provision of drinking water. Moreover, since issuance of the interim final rule, the EPA has adopted a class deviation from the DWSRF regulations that permits such dam and reservoir rehabilitation projects in certain circumstances.323 In approving this class deviation, the EPA recognized that many dams used for drinking water are aging and deteriorating and pose a public health risk to communities; that current dam conditions do not meet state safety standards; and that reservoir capacity has diminished and requires dredging to meet drinking water needs of the existing population. Treasury’s final rule provides that funds may be used for rehabilitation of dams and reservoirs if the primary purpose of the dam or reservoir is for drinking water supply and the rehabilitation project is necessary for continued provision of drinking water supply. In considering whether a dam or reservoir project is necessary for the provision of drinking water supply, a recipient may take into consideration future population growth in certain circumstances, as discussed under ‘‘Expansion of Drinking Water Service Infrastructure’’ below, but the project must in any case be designed to support no more than a reasonable level of projected increased need. The recipient must also determine that the project is cost-effective, i.e., that there are not significantly superior alternatives that are available, taking into consideration the relative costs and benefits of the project as compared to those alternatives. This change to the final rule would permit a wide variety of projects.324 The limitation in the final rule to rehabilitation of existing dams and reservoirs reflects the scope of the EPA class deviation referenced above and Treasury’s understanding of the significant need for investments in rehabilitation to address deterioration of dams and the diminished capacity of reservoirs. Further, Treasury expects that in many cases it would be considerably more difficult to demonstrate that construction of a new dam or reservoir would be necessary for the purpose of the provision of drinking water than is the case for rehabilitation of dams and reservoirs already serving that purpose for a particular population, particularly given opportunities to meet drinking water needs through water reuse and conversation efforts. For these reasons, and given that the relatively short period of availability of the funds makes new dam and reservoir construction with these funds less likely, Treasury has limited the scope of the final rule to dam and reservoir rehabilitation projects. As discussed above, Treasury has determined that ARPA does not authorize the use of SLFRF funds for uses other than the provision of drinking water and the management of wastewater and storm water. As such, the final rule does not include infrastructure projects related to dams and reservoirs as eligible uses of SLFRF funds unless they meet the conditions discussed above. VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00079 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4416 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 325 See 40 CFR 35.3520(e)(5). 326 See Public Law 117–58, 40909(a)–(b) (Nov. 15, 2021). 327 See Public Law 117–58 §40909(c). Public Comment: Several commenters requested that the removal of dams and associated habitat restoration should be eligible uses of SLFRF funds, noting that in some cases, dam removal will improve water quality while removing long-term operational expenses for the recipient. Treasury Response: Dam removal projects and associated stream and habitat restoration projects are eligible uses of the CWSRF and continue to be eligible under the final rule when the removal implements either a nonpoint source management program plan or a National Estuary Program Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan or when the removal will provide a water quality benefit. Habitat restoration projects more generally may also be eligible under the CWSRF and the final rule if they constitute a form of stormwater infrastructure. Expansion of Drinking Water Service Infrastructure Public Comment: Commenters asked for the ability to use funds for drinking water projects for the purpose of meeting needs arising from future growth, which, given the restrictions applicable to the DWSRF, was not permitted under the interim final rule. Treasury Response: As provided for in the SDWA, the DWSRF is meant to serve the public health needs of the existing population. The EPA regulation implementing the DWSRF program provides that projects needed primarily to serve future population growth are not eligible uses of the DWSRF. A project that is intended primarily to address public health or regulatory compliance issues for the existing service population may be sized for a ‘‘reasonable’’ amount of population growth over the useful life of the project.325 ARPA does not include the same limitation as the SDWA. Accordingly, the final rule provides that recipients may use SLFRF funds for projects that are needed to support increased population in certain cases. ARPA limits projects to those investments that are ‘‘necessary.’’ As discussed above, Treasury interprets this to mean that the investments must be (1) responsive to an identified need to achieve or maintain an adequate minimum level of service, which for some eligible project categories may include a reasonable projection of increased need, whether due to population growth or otherwise and (2) a cost-effective means for meeting that need, taking into account available alternatives. For this eligible use category, expansion of drinking water service infrastructure, the project must also be projected to be sustainable over its estimated useful life. Investments must be determined to be necessary when they are initiated. Accordingly, Treasury is clarifying in the final rule that the need identified for a water or sewer project may include a need arising from reasonable expectations of future population growth, provided that it is necessary at the time the investment is initiated for the recipient to make the investment to meet this growth. For example, a recipient expecting increased population during the period of performance may install a drinking water treatment plant to meet that growth. In addition, a recipient expecting increased population growth outside the period of performance may install the treatment plant if the planning and construction timeline for the project would require work to begin during the performance period in order to meet the expected population growth. A recipient may install transmission lines as part of the development of new housing occurring during the period of performance. In this case, the housing development must be in progress; a recipient may not use the SLFRF funds to install a water main, for example, to an undeveloped tract in the expectation that in the future that tract will be developed with housing, because there would be no need for that investment to be made at the time it is initiated. For the reasons discussed above, if a project is undertaken to address expected growth in population, the project must also be sustainable, meaning that the project can continue providing the adequate minimum level of service for its estimated useful life, taking into account projected impacts of changes to the climate and other expected demands on the source of water. In considering how much of a source of water will be available in the future for the drinking water project, a recipient must consider that a source of water may be drawn upon or otherwise used for other current and expected uses, including use by fish and other wildlife. A drinking water project that is designed to address a growing population cannot be considered a necessary investment if the source of drinking water will cease to be available to meet the population’s needs before the end of the estimated useful life of the project. In such a case, a recipient should consider alternative sources for drinking water. See ‘‘Interpretation of Necessary Investments and Water and Sewer Infrastructure’’ above for more information. Non-Federal Matching Requirements for Authorized Bureau of Reclamation Projects The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act amends sections 602(c) and 603(c) of the Social Security Act to add an additional eligible use of SLFRF funds, providing that SLFRF funds ‘‘may be used for purposes of satisfying any non-Federal matching requirement required for [an authorized Bureau of Reclamation project].’’326 This amendment permits the use of SLFRF funds to meet non-federal matching requirements of any authorized Bureau of Reclamation project, regardless of whether the underlying project would be an eligible use of SLFRF funds under the water and sewer infrastructure eligible use category. These amendments are effective as of March 11, 2021, as if included in the ARPA at the time of its enactment.327 Treasury will provide further guidance to recipients on the scope of Bureau of Reclamation water projects and expenses covered by this provision. Floodplain Management and Flood Mitigation Projects Public Comment: Several commenters requested that projects to address floodwater, including floodplain management and flood mitigation projects, be included as an eligible use of SLFRF funds. Within this category of floodplain management and flood mitigation infrastructure, several commenters requested that the installation of levees, flood walls, sea walls, elevation projects, dredging, or nature-based flood mitigation projects be included as eligible projects. Treasury Response: Treasury notes that some floodplain management and flood mitigation infrastructure projects, including green infrastructure designed to protect treatment works from flood waters and flood impact are currently eligible under the CWSRF and therefore continue to be eligible under the final rule. Treasury has not included floodplain management and flood mitigation projects more generally as eligible under the final rule. Although floodplain management and flood mitigation are functions of many state and local governments, they are not the sort of generally-provided essential services included within the meaning of water VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00080 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4417 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 328 See FAQ 6.8, 6.9, 6.11. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. 329 See FAQ 6.10. Id. 330 See FAQ 6.12. Id. 331 See FAQ 6.16. Id. 332 See FAQ 6.4, 6.17. Id. and sewer projects under the ARPA, as discussed above. Irrigation Public Comment: Some commenters requested that irrigation projects be an eligible use because they consider such projects to be critical infrastructure. Several commenters supported this request by noting that irrigation systems may be used to replenish aquifers and recharge wells, in addition to delivering water for irrigation. One commenter also noted that the national irrigation system is antiquated and in need of repair. Treasury Response: Some irrigation projects were eligible under the interim final rule and continue to be eligible under the final rule as a result of their inclusion as eligible projects under the CWSRF. For example, water efficient irrigation equipment that reduces the runoff of nutrients and implements a management program established under section 319 of the CWA and/or a conservation and management plan under section 320 of the CWA are eligible uses under the CWSRF and therefore continue to be an eligible use of SLFRF funds under the final rule. Likewise, projects to receive and distribute reclaimed water for irrigation systems or other agricultural use are eligible under the CWSRF and therefore continue to be an eligible use under the final rule. Unlike projects for the improvement of irrigation systems generally, these reclaimed water projects are related to wastewater treatment and stormwater management, which are within the scope of the meaning of water and sewer infrastructure for purposes of ARPA. Treasury considered commenter requests for inclusion of additional irrigation infrastructure and determined that irrigation projects more generally are not permitted under the final rule. Although these types of projects may be water-related infrastructure, they are not the sort of generally-provided essential services included within the meaning of water and sewer projects under ARPA, as discussed above. Consumer Incentive Programs Public Comment: One commenter requested that consumer incentive programs in the areas of water use efficiency, conservation, green infrastructure, reuse, and other distributed solutions be an allowable use of SLFRF. Treasury Response: The DWSRF and CWSRF eligibilities include the development and implementation of incentive and educational programs that address and promote water conservation, source water protection, and efficiency related to infrastructure improvements, e.g., incentives such as rebates to install green infrastructure such as rain barrels or promote other water conservation activities. Treasury clarifies that such project types were eligible under the interim final rule and continue to be eligible under the final rule. 2. Broadband Infrastructure Under the ARPA, recipient governments may use SLFRF funds to make ‘‘necessary investments in . . . broadband infrastructure.’’ In the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule, Treasury interpreted necessary investments in infrastructure as investments ‘‘designed to provide an adequate minimum level of service and [that] are unlikely to be made using private sources of funds.’’ Treasury explained that, with respect to broadband specifically, such necessary investments include projects that ‘‘establish [] or improve [] broadband service to underserved populations to reach an adequate level to permit a household to work or attend school, and that are unlikely to be met with private sources of funds.’’ Summary of Interim Final Rule, Public Comments, and Treasury Response Summary of Interim Final Rule: In implementing the ARPA, the interim final rule provided that eligible broadband infrastructure investments are limited to those that are designed to provide service to unserved or underserved households or businesses, defined as those that lack access to a wireline connection capable of reliably delivering at least minimum speeds of 25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload. The interim final rule also provided that eligible projects under the SLFRF are limited to those that are designed to deliver, upon project completion, service that reliably meets or exceeds symmetrical upload and download speeds of 100 Mbps. In instances where it would not be practicable for a project to deliver such service speeds because of the geography, topography, or excessive costs associated with such a project, the interim final rule provided that the project would be required to be designed to deliver, upon project completion, service that reliably meets or exceeds 100 Mbps download speed and between at least 20 Mbps and 100 Mbps upload speeds and be scalable to a minimum of 100 Mbps symmetrical for download and upload speeds. In addition, Treasury, in the Supplementary Information to the interim final rule, encouraged recipients to pursue a number of other objectives. First, Treasury encouraged recipients to prioritize investments in fiber-optic infrastructure wherever feasible and focus on projects that deliver a physical broadband connection by prioritizing projects that achieve last-mile connections. Second, Treasury encouraged recipients to integrate affordability options into their program design. Third, Treasury encouraged recipients to prioritize support for local networks owned, operated, or affiliated with local governments, nonprofits, and cooperatives. Fourth, Treasury encouraged recipients to avoid investing in locations with existing agreements to build reliable wireline service with minimum speeds of 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload by December 31, 2024, in order to avoid duplication of efforts and resources. Finally, following release of the interim final rule, Treasury provided further guidance clarifying some aspects of broadband infrastructure eligibility, specifically on flexibility for recipients to determine eligible areas to be served,328 middle-mile projects,329 pre- project development costs,330 broadband connections to schools or libraries,331 and the applicability of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the Davis-Bacon Act.332 Summary of Public Comments: Treasury received several comments on the interim final rule’s requirements regarding eligible areas for investment and build-to speed standards, as well as Treasury’s encouragements in the Supplementary Information of the interim final rule. Many commenters found the interim final rule’s requirement to limit projects to those designed to provide service to unserved or underserved households or businesses to be appropriately focused on hard-to-reach areas. In contrast, other commenters argued that this requirement was too restrictive and that it would limit the ability for some recipients, particularly local governments, to invest in broadband infrastructure. Separately, some commenters supported the interim final rule’s requirement that eligible projects be built to reliable speeds of 100 Mbps symmetrical, with an exception for areas where it was impracticable, and encouragement that projects be built with fiber-optic infrastructure, while a VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00081 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4418 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 333 See FAQ 6.10. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. 334 See FAQ 6.12. Id. 335 See FAQ 6.16. Id. 336 See FAQ 6.4, 6.17. Id. 337 In the remainder of this Supplementary Information, ‘‘25/3 Mbps’’ refers to broadband infrastructure that is designed to reliably meet or exceed at least 25 Mbps download speeds and 3 few others argued that the interim final rule should remain technology-neutral and that lower speed standards would be more appropriate for today’s usage needs. Summary of Treasury Response: In response to the comments, the final rule expands eligible areas for investment by requiring recipients to invest in projects designed to provide service to households and businesses with an identified need for additional broadband infrastructure investment, which would include but not be limited to a lack of broadband service reliably delivering certain speeds. In addition, as discussed further below, the final rule further supports the expansion of affordable access to broadband service for households by requiring that recipients use a provider that participates in a qualifying affordability plan. Treasury encourages recipients to prioritize projects that are designed to provide service to locations not currently served by a wireline connection that reliably delivers at least 100 Mbps of download speed and 20 Mbps of upload speed. The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s requirement that eligible projects be designed to, upon completion, reliably meet or exceed symmetrical 100 Mbps download and upload speeds. As was the case under the interim final rule, in cases where it is not practicable, because of the excessive cost of the project or geography or topography of the area to be served by the project, eligible projects may be designed to reliably meet or exceed 100 Mbps download speed and between at least 20 Mbps and 100 Mbps upload speed and be scalable to a minimum of 100 Mbps download speed and 100 Mbps upload speed. Treasury continues to encourage recipients to prioritize investments in fiber-optic infrastructure wherever feasible and to focus on projects that will achieve last-mile connections, whether by focusing directly on funding last-mile projects or by ensuring that funded middle-mile projects have commitments in place to support new and/or improved last-mile service. The final rule requires recipients to address the affordability needs of low- income consumers in accessing broadband networks funded by SLFRF, given that such a project cannot be considered a necessary investment in broadband infrastructure if it is not affordable to the population the project would serve. Recipients must require the service provider for a completed broadband infrastructure investment project that provides service to households to either participate in the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP), or otherwise provide access to a broad-based affordability program to low-income consumers in the proposed service area of the broadband infrastructure that provides benefits to households commensurate with those provided under the ACP. Treasury also recognizes the importance of affordable broadband access for all consumers beyond those that are low-income. As part of their project selection process, recipients are encouraged to consult with the community on the general affordability needs of the target markets in the proposed service area. Additionally, recipients are encouraged to require that services provided by a broadband infrastructure project include at least one low-cost option offered without data usage caps and at speeds that are sufficient for a household with multiple users to simultaneously telework and engage in remote learning. Recipients will be required to report speed, pricing, and any data allowance information as part of mandatory reporting to Treasury. The final rule also clarifies that subsidies to households and communities impacted by the pandemic to access the internet, broadband adoption programs, digital literacy programs, and device programs are eligible programs to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic under sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A). See section Assistance to Households in Negative Economic Impacts. Treasury continues to encourage recipients to prioritize support for broadband networks owned, operated by, or affiliated with local governments, nonprofits, and cooperatives. In addition, to the extent recipients are considering deploying broadband to locations where there are existing enforceable federal or state funding commitments for reliable service at speeds of at least 100 Mbps download speed and 20 Mbps upload speed, recipients must ensure that SLFRF funds are designed to address an identified need for additional broadband investment that is not met by existing federal or state funding commitments. Recipients must also ensure that SLFRF funds will not be used for costs that will be reimbursed by the other federal or state funding streams. Further, Treasury highlights that recipients are subject to the prohibition on use of grant funds to procure or obtain certain telecommunications and video surveillance services or equipment as outlined in 2 CFR 200.216 and 2 CFR 200.471 and clarifies that modernization of cybersecurity for existing and new broadband networks are eligible uses of funds under sections 602(c)(1)(D) and 603(c)(1)(D). Finally, this Supplementary Information to the final rule incorporates and confirms guidance issued by Treasury following the interim final rule regarding middle-mile projects,333 pre-project development costs,334 broadband connections to schools or libraries,335 and applicability of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and Davis-Bacon Act.336 The remainder of this section provides additional details on the final rule. Specifically, these sections address: (1) Eligible areas for investment; (2) build-to speed standards; (3) affordability; (4) public networks; (5) duplication of efforts and resources; (6) cybersecurity; and (7) use of funds to meet non-federal match under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Eligible Areas for Investment The interim final rule limited eligible broadband investments to projects focused on delivering service to unserved or underserved locations, defined as households or businesses that lack access to a wireline connection capable of reliably delivering at least minimum speeds of 25 Mbps download and 3 Mbps upload. This targeted approach was generally consistent with certain speed thresholds used in other federal programs to identify eligible areas for federal investment in broadband infrastructure, such as the FCC’s Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF) program and the National Telecommunication and Information Administration’s (NTIA’s) Broadband Infrastructure Program, and generally aligns with the FCC’s benchmark for an ‘‘advanced telecommunications capability’’ for wireline broadband services. Public Comment: Many commenters discussed the disadvantages of such an approach. Some commenters, including several local government recipients, argued that limiting investments to locations without access to reliable wireline 25/3 Mbps 337 was too VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00082 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4419 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations Mbps upload speeds. ‘‘100 Mbps’’ symmetrical refers to broadband infrastructure that is designed to reliably meet or exceed at least 100 Mbps download speeds and 100 Mbps upload speeds. 338 See FAQ 6.11. Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. 339 Legacy technologies such as copper telephone lines (typically using Digital Subscriber Line technology) and early versions of cable system technology (DOCSIS 2.0 or earlier) typically lag on speeds, latency, and other factors, as compared to more modern technologies like fiber-optic. See, e.g., https://www.fcc.gov/sites/default/files/tech_ transitions_network_upgrades_that_may_affect_ your_service.pdf (comparing copper to fiber and noting that copper wire networks have ‘‘limited speeds,’’ are ‘‘susceptible to signal interference/ loss,’’ and have a ‘‘relatively short life’’); https:// Continued restrictive because some urban jurisdictions are already mostly or entirely covered by a network with at least 25/3 Mbps speeds yet lack widespread broadband adoption for various reasons. Commenters suggested that recipients would benefit from greater flexibility to provide necessary investments in broadband access in areas that are nominally covered by speeds of at least 25/3 Mbps, such as to provide affordable broadband access in low-income areas or to address service quality and reliability issues. Further, commenters argued that Treasury’s requirement that new projects meet minimum reliable speeds of 100 Mbps symmetrical was inconsistent with the requirement that broadband infrastructure projects focus on those with access to significantly lower speeds, and further noted that several states have already expanded the focus of their broadband programs beyond those without reliable access to speeds of 25/3 Mbps. Commenters argued that if the limitation to unserved and underserved households and businesses were maintained, the definition of unserved and underserved households and businesses should be revised to include households and businesses currently served by higher standards. Commenters proposed a number of alternative cutoff speeds, including 25/ 25 Mbps, 50/10 Mbps, and 100 Mbps symmetrical. Others expressed support for providing flexibility for recipients to make their own determination on eligible areas for investment. These commenters referenced studies indicating that 25/3 Mbps is inadequate for today’s modern household or business needs. Some commenters advocated for unserved and underserved areas to be prioritized while providing flexibility for recipients to serve areas beyond those designated as unserved or underserved. Reflecting the perceived restrictiveness of the interim final rule approach, some commenters asked for assurance that projects conducted under other categories of SLFRF eligible uses, specifically to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic under sections 602(c)(1)(A)–(C) and 603(c)(1)(A)–(C), were not barred by the presence of 25/ 3 Mbps service, including ‘‘gap networks,’’ which are networks designed to offer low-cost or no-cost internet access for lower-income households with low broadband adoption rates. Commenters suggested additional factors to be incorporated in the consideration of locations that are eligible to be served. Many commenters suggested that affordability should be considered a key factor when determining whether a community has access to broadband, as the presence of 25/3 Mbps service does not necessarily mean the service is financially accessible to the area’s residents. Commenters noted that surveys indicate that affordability, not lack of coverage, is the most significant barrier for most Americans who do not have robust broadband service in their households. Some advocated that the final rule allow for investments in areas with existing reliable wireline access at or above 25/3 Mbps as long as existing broadband service has been unaffordable for a certain segment of the population; others advocated that Treasury presume eligibility when investments are made in certain areas, such as Qualified Census Tracts or neighborhoods with persistent poverty, or are made by Tribal governments. Separately, some commenters noted that Treasury should provide more clarification on what constitutes a ‘‘reliabl[e]’’ connection, including providing details as to latency, jitter, and other technical specifications that would meet that standard, and what it means for certain technologies, such as copper and other outdated technologies, to be deemed presumptively unreliable. Other commenters supported the interim final rule’s approach on eligible areas for investment or suggested tightening eligibility even further. They argued that higher speed thresholds beyond 25/3 Mbps would likely lead to investments in or building of new broadband infrastructure in areas already served by broadband at speeds these commenters considered sufficient; these areas, commenters suggested, are less in need of federal assistance and permitting investments here could divert funding away from rural areas to more densely populated areas. Treasury Response: The final rule expands eligible areas for investment by requiring recipients to invest in projects designed to provide service to households and businesses with an identified need for additional broadband infrastructure investment. Recipients have flexibility to identify a need for additional broadband infrastructure investment: Examples of need include lack of access to a connection that reliably meets or exceeds symmetrical 100 Mbps download and upload speeds, lack of affordable access to broadband service, or lack of reliable broadband service. Recipients are encouraged to prioritize projects that are designed to provide service to locations not currently served by a wireline connection that reliably delivers at least 100 Mbps of download speed and 20 Mbps of upload speed, as many commenters indicated that those without such service constitute hard-to- reach areas in need of subsidized broadband deployment. Households and businesses with an identified need for additional broadband infrastructure investment do not have to be the only ones in the service area served by an eligible broadband infrastructure project. Indeed, serving these households and businesses may require a holistic approach that provides service to a wider area, for example, in order to make ongoing service of certain households or businesses within the service area economical. Consistent with further guidance issued by Treasury,338 in determining areas for investment, recipients may choose to consider any available data, including but not limited to documentation of existing broadband internet service performance, federal and/or state collected broadband data, user speed test results, interviews with community members and business owners, reports from community organizations, and any other information they deem relevant. In evaluating such data, recipients may take into account a variety of factors, including whether users actually receive internet service at or above the speed thresholds at all hours of the day, whether factors other than speed such as latency, jitter, or deterioration of the existing connections make their user experience unreliable, and whether the existing service is being delivered by legacy technologies, such as copper telephone lines (typically using Digital Subscriber Line technology) or early versions of cable system technology (DOCSIS 2.0 or earlier),339 and other factors related to VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00083 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4420 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations data.fcc.gov/download/measuring-broadband- america/2020/2020-Fixed-Measuring-Broadband- America-Report.pdf (comparing fiber with DSL and cable technologies on a number of dimensions); https://www.eff.org/wp/case-fiber-home-today-why- fiber-superior-medium-21st-century-broadband (providing a technical background comparing fiber technology to other legacy technologies). 340 Using the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Broadband Speed Guide, a household with two telecommuters and two to three remote learners today is estimated to need 100 Mbps download to work simultaneously. See Federal Communications Commission, Broadband Speed Guide, available at https://www.fcc.gov/ consumers/guides/broadband-speed-guide (last visited October 28, 2021). 341 United States’ Mobile and Broadband Internet Speeds—Speedtest Global Index, available at https://www.speedtest.net/global-index/united- states#fixed. 342 Bennett Cyphers, The Case for Fiber to the Home, Today: Why Fiber is a Superior Medium for 21st Century Broadband, Electronic Frontier Foundation (October 16, 2019), https://www.eff.org/ wp/case-fiber-home-today-why-fiber-superior- medium-21st-century-broadband. 343 See FAQ 6.10, Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, Frequently Asked Questions, as of July 19, 2021; https:// home.treasury.gov/system/files/136/SLFRPFAQ.pdf. the services to be provided by the project. In addition, recipients may consider the actual experience of current broadband customers when making their determinations; whether there is a provider serving the area that advertises or otherwise claims to offer broadband at a given speed is not dispositive. Build-To Speed Standards The interim final rule provided that a recipient may use funds to make investments in broadband infrastructure that is designed to, upon completion, reliably meet or exceed symmetrical 100 Mbps download and upload speeds. In cases where it is not practicable, because of the excessive cost of the project or the geography or topography of the area to be served by the project, eligible projects may be designed to reliably meet or exceed 100 Mbps download speed and between at least 20 Mbps and 100 Mbps upload speed, so long as it is scalable to a minimum of 100 Mbps download speed and 100 Mbps upload speed. Relatedly, Treasury in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION to the interim final rule encouraged recipients to prioritize investments in fiber-optic infrastructure wherever feasible and to prioritize projects that achieve last-mile connections. Public Comment: Many commenters discussed the advantages of setting minimum symmetrical download and upload speeds of reliable 100 Mbps as the speed threshold for new projects. Some commenters indicated support for the interim final rule’s standard as it takes into account growing demands on internet use resulting from pandemic broadband usage and suggested that such a standard will help to ensure that networks built with SLFRF funds remain valuable for years to come, even as demands continue to accelerate, particularly on upload speeds. Some also indicated that the interim final rule standard has the effect of prioritizing the use of fiber-optic infrastructure to deliver such speeds, which some noted was a ‘‘gold standard’’ future-proof technology, although some commenters noted that other technologies like fixed wireless have been shown to deliver such speeds in certain circumstances. Other commenters suggested that 100 Mbps symmetrical speeds were unnecessary given current broadband usage needs and that such high standards may have the potential to slow down expansion to unserved or underserved rural areas. Some argued that setting this symmetrical threshold may limit the type of technologies that can be used, thereby decreasing competition and limiting flexibility to recipients whose communities might be better served by technologies such as wireless solutions or inexpensive gap networks. Commenters suggested alternate minimum speeds, ranging from 25/3 Mbps (which some argued best balances reaching all communities and maximizing the impact of federal funds) to 100/20 Mbps (which some argued best serves the typical broadband usage patterns of households and businesses, including new pandemic-driven needs). A few commenters suggested a higher minimum speed, such as gigabit speeds, advocating that such speeds were necessary for a network to last at least a decade. Many commenters supported the interim final rule’s lower speed standards for projects where it is impracticable to meet minimum reliable speeds of 100 Mbps symmetrical, as it provides flexibility for recipients to invest in hard-to-reach areas, such as those in mountainous regions. A few commenters indicated that Treasury should more clearly define the characteristics of a location eligible for this exception. Some indicated that the minimum standard for all new projects should be 100 Mbps symmetrical. In contrast, others argued that scalability to 100 Mbps symmetrical should not be a requirement to meet today’s demands, particularly in hard-to-reach areas. Some commenters requested that Treasury clarify eligibility for middle- mile projects as these projects potentially provide connectivity to far- reaching areas, while other commenters suggested that last-mile projects generally require more capital investment and are therefore most in need of government support. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s requirement that eligible projects be designed to, upon completion, reliably meet or exceed symmetrical 100 Mbps download and upload speeds, with the interim final rule’s exception for projects where it is impracticable to build to such speeds due to excessive cost, geography, or topography of the area to be served by the project. Given the build time associated with broadband infrastructure projects, these standards will enable SLFRF funds to fund lasting infrastructure that will be able to accommodate increased network demand once the network is complete,340 while providing flexibility for certain locations to meet lower speed standards where 100 Mbps symmetrical speeds are impracticable. To illustrate the accelerating need for higher upload speeds, by one measure, mean upload speeds as of October 2021 increased to 75.21 Mbps as compared to 62.11 Mbps a year earlier.341 Jurisdictions are increasingly responding to the growing demands of their communities for high speeds; for example, Illinois requires 100 Mbps symmetrical service as the construction standard for their state broadband grant programs. The 100 Mbps symmetrical standard accounts for increased pandemic internet usage and provides adequate upload speeds for individuals and businesses to accommodate interactive applications such as virtual learning and videoconferencing, while also helping ensure that funding is responsibly used to provide a true and lasting benefit for years to come. Treasury continues to encourage recipients to prioritize investments in fiber-optic infrastructure wherever feasible, as such advanced technology enables the next generation of application solutions for all communities and is capable of delivering superior, reliable performance and is generally most efficiently scalable to meet future needs.342 In designing these projects, recipients should ensure that the broadband infrastructure provides ‘‘reliable’’ service at required speeds and are not required to rely on providers’ advertised speeds in their assessments. Consistent with further guidance issued by Treasury,343 while recipients are permitted to make investments in ‘‘middle-mile’’ connections that otherwise satisfy the requirements of the final rule, Treasury continues to encourage recipients to focus on VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00084 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4421 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 344 The Executive Office of the President, Community-Based Broadband Solutions (January 2015), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/ default/files/docs/community-based_broadband_ report_by_executive_office_of_the_president.pdf. projects that will achieve last-mile connections—whether by focusing directly on funding last-mile projects or by ensuring that funded middle-mile projects have commitments in place to support new and/or improved last-mile service. Affordability The interim final rule encouraged recipients to consider ways to integrate affordability options into their program design but did not require recipients to take particular actions. The interim final rule also provided that assisting households with internet access and digital literacy is an eligible use of SLFRF funds under sections 602(c)(1)(A) and 603(c)(1)(A) to respond to the negative economic impacts of COVID–19. Public Comment: Many commenters suggested that Treasury provide recipients with a broader set of tools to tackle what the commenters characterized as an affordability crisis in the broadband sector. As noted above, some commenters proposed that Treasury consider affordability when determining whether an area is unserved or underserved by broadband. Some commenters indicated that the final rule should allow for the construction of broadband networks in low-income neighborhoods including low-cost or no-cost gap networks, even in areas with existing service at the speeds required under the interim final rule. Other commenters voiced support for direct subsidies to low-income communities to afford broadband service, which would provide additional incentives for providers to serve these communities. Treasury Response: In response to many commenters that highlighted the importance of affordability in providing meaningful access to necessary broadband infrastructure, the final rule provides additional requirements to address the affordability needs of low- income consumers in accessing broadband networks funded by SLFRF. Recipients must require the service provider for a completed broadband infrastructure investment project that provides service to households to: •Participate in the Federal Communications Commission’s (FCC) Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP); or •Otherwise provide access to a broad-based affordability program to low-income consumers in the proposed service area of the broadband infrastructure that provides benefits to households commensurate with those provided under the ACP. Recipients must require providers to participate in or provide access to these programs through the life of the ACP. This requirement will no longer apply once the SLFRF-funded broadband infrastructure is no longer in use. Furthermore, Treasury also recognizes the importance of affordable broadband access for all consumers beyond those that are low income. As part of their project selection process, recipients are encouraged to consult with the community on the general affordability needs of the target markets in the proposed service area. Additionally, recipients are encouraged to require that services provided by a broadband infrastructure project include at least one low-cost option offered without data usage caps at speeds that are sufficient for a household with multiple users to simultaneously telework and engage in remote learning. Treasury will require recipients to report speed, pricing, and any data allowance information as part of their mandatory reporting to Treasury. Further, Treasury is clarifying that, as a response to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic, recipients may provide households and communities impacted by the pandemic with subsidies to help pay for internet service, digital literacy programs, broadband adoption programs, and device programs that provide discounted or no-cost devices for low-income households to access the internet. For further discussion of this eligible use category, see the section internet Assistance in Assistance to Households in Public Health and Negative Economic Impacts. Public Networks The interim final rule encouraged recipients to prioritize support for local networks owned, operated, or affiliated with local governments, nonprofits, and cooperatives. Public Comment: Many commenters voiced their support for Treasury’s encouragement that recipients work with governmental or community entities to establish local networks, arguing that they have been shown to effectively provide broadband access to areas that would otherwise be left with unaffordable or insufficient service. These commenters suggested that, since these entities are less driven by financial returns to investment than private providers, in some circumstances they may be able to provide robust service at a lower price as compared to private providers, along with potentially increasing local competition in a service area. Other commenters argued against Treasury’s encouragement, remarking that private businesses have a robust track record of serving hard-to-reach customers. These commenters argued that commercial providers have greater technical and operational expertise in deploying and operating broadband networks and may be able to construct broadband networks with greater efficiency. Additionally, some commenters argued that providing what they considered an unfair competitive advantage for government- or community-owned or operated networks may hurt consumers over time. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s encouragement for recipients to prioritize support for broadband networks owned, operated by, or affiliated with local governments, nonprofits, and cooperatives, given that these networks have less pressure to generate profits and a commitment to serve entire communities.344 This encouragement provides flexibility for recipients to select providers that best fit their needs, while noting the critical role that networks owned, operated, or affiliated with local governments and community organizations can play in providing sufficient coverage, affordable access, or increased competition in the broadband sector. Duplication of Efforts and Resources Public Comment: Some commenters raised concerns that Treasury’s encouragement in the interim final rule that recipients avoid funding projects in locations with an existing agreement to provide service that reliably delivers 100/20 Mbps by December 31, 2024 was too restrictive. Commenters noted that many plans do not always lead to a successful and complete deployment, as issues may arise that prevent such infrastructure from deploying on time or at all, and that several existing federal grants were designed and awarded before the onset of the COVID–19 pandemic and do not meet the critical broadband needs highlighted by the pandemic. Other commenters argued that Treasury’s encouragement to avoid duplication of resources should be strengthened, as investing in areas with existing agreements would be an inefficient duplication of efforts. Treasury Response: Given the final rule’s revised requirements on eligible areas for investment, this VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00085 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4422 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 345 For more on the importance of cybersecurity to the reliability and resiliency of broadband networks, see: Federal Communications Commission, https://docs.fcc.gov/public/ attachments/FCC-10-63A1.doc; Brookings Institute, Protecting the Cybersecurity of America’s Networks (February 11, 2021), https://www.brookings.edu/ blog/techtank/2021/02/11/protecting-the- cybersecurity-of-americas-networks/. 346 See Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Public Law 117–58 (2021). Supplementary Information to the final rule also modifies the interim final rule’s requirements around duplication of resources. Since recipients must ensure that the objective of the broadband projects is to serve locations with an identified need for additional broadband investment, the final rule provides that, to the extent recipients are considering deploying broadband to locations where there are existing enforceable federal or state funding commitments for reliable service at speeds of at least 100 Mbps download speed and 20 Mbps upload speed, recipients must ensure that SLFRF funds are designed to address an identified need for additional broadband investment that is not met by existing federal or state funding commitments. Recipients must also ensure that SLFRF funds will not be used for costs that will be reimbursed by the other federal or state funding streams. Cybersecurity Public Comment: Several commenters expressed concern about the cybersecurity of new broadband projects funded with SLFRF funds and urged Treasury to prohibit recipients from utilizing SLFRF funds to procure equipment from certain providers from the People’s Republic of China that may pose a national security risk. These commenters pointed out that the 2019 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) and the FCC’s Universal Service Fund have similar prohibitions. Further, several commenters requested that Treasury explicitly include cybersecurity costs as an eligible use for broadband infrastructure investment given the growing threat of cyber-attacks and cyber-intrusions into the nation’s infrastructure. Treasury Response: Treasury highlights that investments in broadband infrastructure must be carried out in ways that comply with applicable federal laws, including the 2019 NDAA. Among other requirements contained in 2 CFR part 200, 2 CFR 200.216 implements certain provisions of the NDAA and contains prohibitions on the use of federal financial assistance to procure or obtain certain telecommunications and video surveillance services or equipment provided or produced by designated entities, including certain entities owned or controlled by the People’s Republic of China. In addition, 2 CFR 200.471 provides that certain telecommunications and video surveillance costs associated with 2 CFR 200.216 are unallowable. Further, the final rule allows for modernization of cybersecurity for existing and new broadband infrastructure as an eligible use under sections 602(c)(1)(D) and 603(c)(1)(D) as such investments are necessary for the reliability and resiliency of broadband infrastructure.345 Recipients may provide necessary investments in cybersecurity, including modernization of hardware and software, for existing and new broadband infrastructure regardless of their speed delivery standards. The final rule maintains the interim final rule’s provision that allows for broader modernization of cybersecurity, including hardware, software, and protection of critical infrastructure as an eligible provision of government services, to the extent of revenue loss due to the pandemic, under sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C). Use of Funds To Meet Non-Federal Match Under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act specifies that, except as otherwise provided, an entity using funding under section 60102 of the law for broadband deployment ‘‘shall provide, or require a subgrantee to provide, a contribution, derived from non-Federal funds (or funds from a Federal regional commission or authority) . . . of not less than 25 percent of project costs.’’346 It further states that the matching contribution may include funds provided to an eligible entity or subgrantee under the American Rescue Plan Act for the purpose of deployment of broadband service, which includes funds provided under the SLFRF program. SLFRF and the program established under section 60102 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act are separate programs with separate requirements. While section 60102 allows states and other eligible entities to use SLFRF funds as the source of matching funds for broadband deployment, the requirements of the SLFRF program still apply. As such, recipients that use SLFRF funds to meet the section 60102 matching requirement will continue to be subject to the requirements of the SLFRF program. III. Restrictions on Use While recipients have considerable flexibility to use funds to address the diverse needs of their communities, some restrictions on use of funds apply. The ARPA includes two statutory provisions that further define the boundaries of the statute’s eligible uses. First, section 602(c)(2)(A) of the Social Security Act provides that states and territories may not ‘‘use the funds . . . to either directly or indirectly offset a reduction in . . . net tax revenue . . . resulting from a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation during the covered period that reduces any tax . . . or delays the imposition of any tax or tax increase.’’ Second, sections 602(c)(2)(B) and 603(c)(2) prohibit all recipients, except Tribal governments, from using funds for deposit into any pension fund. These restrictions support use of funds only for the congressionally permitted purposes described in the Eligible Uses section by providing a backstop against the use of funds for purposes outside of the eligible use categories provided for in the statute. In addition to the restrictions on use of funds provided for in the ARPA statute, the interim final rule noted that several uses of funds would be ineligible under any eligible use category, including as a response to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic or as a ‘‘government service’’ under the revenue loss eligible use category. Specifically, use of funds for debt service, to replenish financial reserves, or to satisfy an obligation arising from a judicial settlement or judgment were ineligible uses of funds under the eligible use categories for public health and negative economic impacts and revenue loss. These restrictions apply to all recipients. Recipients should note that restrictions on use of funds for debt service, to replenish financial reserves, or to satisfy an obligation arising from a judicial settlement or judgment apply to all eligible use categories, not just the eligible use categories in which they were discussed in the interim final rule. Recipients are also subject to other restrictions on use of funds in the ARPA, the Award Terms and Conditions, and other federal laws. As discussed further below, uses of funds may not conflict with the overall statutory purpose of the ARPA to reduce the spread of COVID–19. Per the Award Terms and Conditions, recipients must adopt and abide by policies to prevent conflicts of interest. Finally, recipients are reminded that other federal laws VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00086 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4423 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 347 In this sub-section, ‘‘recipient governments’’ refers only to states and territories. In other sections, ‘‘recipient governments’’ refers more broadly to eligible governments receiving funding from the SLFRF. 348 For brevity, this phrase is referred to as ‘‘changes in law, regulation, or interpretation’’ for the remainder of this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. also apply to uses of funds, including environmental and civil rights laws. To enhance clarity, this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for the final rule consolidates these restrictions on use of funds into one section and makes clear that they apply to all eligible use categories and any use of funds under the program by recipients to whom each specific restriction applies. This section discusses the aforementioned restrictions, public comments received, and Treasury’s response to these comments. For clarity, Treasury has divided the following discussion into (A) statutory restrictions under the ARPA, which include (1) offsetting a reduction in net tax revenue, and (2) deposits into pension funds, and (B) other restrictions on use, which include (1) debt service and replenishing reserves, (2) settlements and judgments, and (3) general restrictions. A. Ineligible Uses of Funds Under the ARPA Statute 1. Offset a Reduction in Net Tax Revenue For states and territories (recipient governments 347), section 602(c)(2)(A)— the offset provision—prohibits the use of SLFRF funds to directly or indirectly offset a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation 348 during the covered period. If a state or territory uses SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from a change in law, regulation, or interpretation, the ARPA provides that the state or territory must repay to Treasury an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the amount of the applicable reduction attributable to the impermissible offset and (ii) the amount of SLFRF funds received by the state or territory. A state or territory that uses SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in net tax revenue does not forfeit its entire allocation of SLFRF funds (unless it misused the full allocation to offset a reduction in net tax revenue) or any non-SLFRF funding. The interim final rule implements these conditions by establishing a framework for states and territories to determine the cost of changes in law, regulation, or interpretation that reduce tax revenue and to identify and value the sources of funds that will offset— i.e., cover the cost of—any reduction in net tax revenue resulting from such changes. The interim final rule recognizes three sources of funds that may offset a reduction in net tax revenue other than SLFRF funds: Organic revenue growth, increases in revenue due to policy changes (e.g., an increase in a tax rate), and certain cuts in spending. Specifically, the interim final rule establishes a step-by-step process for determining whether, and the extent to which, SLFRF funds have been used to offset a reduction in net tax revenue, based on information reported by the recipient government: •First, each year, each recipient government will identify and value the changes in law, regulation, or interpretation that would result in a reduction in net tax revenue, as it would in the ordinary course of its budgeting process. The sum of these values in the year for which the government is reporting is the amount it needs to ‘‘pay for’’ with sources other than SLFRF funds (total value of revenue reducing changes). •Second, the interim final rule recognizes that it may be difficult to predict how a change would affect net tax revenue in future years and, accordingly, provides that if the total value of the changes in the year for which the recipient government is reporting is below a de minimis level, as discussed below, the recipient government need not identify any sources of funding to pay for revenue reducing changes and will not be subject to recoupment. •Third, a recipient government will consider the amount of actual tax revenue recorded in the year for which it is reporting. If the recipient government’s actual tax revenue is greater than the amount of tax revenue received by the recipient for the fiscal year ending 2019, adjusted annually for inflation, the recipient government will not be considered to have violated the offset provision because there will not have been a reduction in net tax revenue. •Fourth, if the recipient government’s actual tax revenue is less than the amount of tax revenue received by the recipient government for the fiscal year ending 2019, adjusted annually for inflation, in the reporting year the recipient government will identify any sources of funds that have been used to permissibly offset the total value of covered tax changes other than SLFRF funds. These are: Æ State or territory tax changes that would increase any source of general fund revenue, such as a change that would increase a tax rate; and Æ Spending cuts in areas not being replaced by SLFRF funds. The recipient government will calculate the value of revenue reduction remaining after applying these sources of offsetting funding to the total value of revenue reducing changes—that is, how much of the tax change has not been paid for. The recipient government will then compare that value to the difference between the baseline and actual tax revenue. A recipient government will not be required to repay to Treasury an amount that is greater than the recipient government’s actual tax revenue shortfall relative to the baseline (i.e., fiscal year 2019 tax revenue adjusted for inflation). This ‘‘revenue reduction cap,’’ together with Step 3, ensures that recipient governments can use organic revenue growth to offset the cost of revenue reductions. •Finally, if there are any amounts that could be subject to recoupment, Treasury will provide notice to the recipient government of such amounts along with an explanation of such amounts. This process is discussed in greater detail in section Remediation and Recoupment of this Supplementary Information. Together, these steps allow Treasury to identify the amount of reduction in net tax revenue that both is attributable to covered changes and has been directly or indirectly offset with SLFRF funds. Overview of Comments: Many commenters supported the framework established under the interim final rule. These commenters argued that the offset provision, and the interim final rule’s implementation of the offset provision, was essential to ensuring SLFRF funds are used in a manner consistent with the statute’s defined eligible uses and, in particular, to support the use of SLFRF funds to build public sector capacity. Several commenters argued that the framework should be made more restrictive; for example, some comments advocated that the offset provision be applied to local governments. Other commenters argued that the offset provision and the interim final rule’s implementation of the offset provision is too restrictive, with some asserting that the offset provision prohibits states from making changes to reduce taxes. Many of these commenters argued that the offset provision presents constitutional concerns. These commenters asserted that the offset provision is ambiguous and the restriction is unrelated to the purpose of the ARPA. These commenters also VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00087 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4424 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 349 See, e.g., State of West Virginia v. U.S. Department of the Treasury, No. 7:21–cv–00465– LSC, 2021 WL 2952863 (N.D. Ala. Jul. 14, 2021); State of Ohio v. Yellen, No. 1:21–cv–181, 2021 WL 2712220 (S.D. Ohio Jul. 1, 2021). 350 National Fed’n of Indep. Bus. v. Sebelius (NFIB), 567 U.S. 519, 580 (2012) (plurality opinion); see, e.g., South Dakota v. Dole, 483 U.S. 203, 206– 208 (1987); Gruver v. Louisiana Bd. of Supervisors for Louisiana State Univ. Agric. & Mech. Coll., 959 F.3d 178, 183 (5th Cir.), cert. denied, 141 S. Ct. 901 (2020). For additional discussion of these issues, see, e.g., Brief Reply for Appellants, Ohio v. Yellen, No. 21–3787 (6th Cir. Oct. 26, 2021). 351 Sabri v. United States, 541 U.S. 600, 608 (2004). 352 The new federal funds offered by the Affordable Care Act totaled $100 billion per year. Even the dissenting Justices agreed that ‘‘Congress could have made just the new funding provided under the ACA contingent on acceptance of the terms of the Medicaid Expansion,’’ although they disagreed with the majority about whether that funding condition was severable. NFIB at 687–688 (joint dissent). 353 For example, a state law that sets its earned income tax credit (EITC) at a fixed percentage of the federal EITC will see its EITC payments automatically increase—and thus its tax revenue reduced—because of the federal government’s expansion of the EITC in the ARPA See, e.g., Tax argued that the generous amount of SLFRF funds provided to those governments gave recipient governments little choice as to whether to accept the SLFRF funds and, as a result, the offset provision is coercive. In describing these concerns and arguments, several of these commenters referenced litigation regarding the offset provision.349 Many of these commenters also expressed concern regarding the interim final rule’s implementation of the offset provision. Some of these commenters argued that Treasury lacked the authority to implement the provision, asserting that the significance of the provision required Congress to make an explicit delegation of rulemaking authority and provide clearer principles by which Treasury should implement the provision. Finally, one commenter argued that the offset provision should only apply if the recipient expressly and intentionally uses SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in revenue, arguing that the term ‘‘offset’’ implies a deliberate use SLFRF funds to ‘‘pay for’’ a tax cut. As discussed in the interim final rule, the offset provision does not prevent a recipient government from enacting a broad variety of tax changes. Rather, the offset provision prevents a recipient government from using SLFRF funds to offset a revenue reduction resulting from a tax cut. A recipient government would only be considered to have used SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from changes in law, regulation, or interpretation if, and to the extent that, the recipient government could not identify sufficient funds from sources other than SLFRF funds to offset the reduction in net tax revenue. Only if sufficient funds from other sources cannot be identified to cover the full cost of the reduction in net tax revenue resulting from changes in law, regulation, or interpretation, will the remaining amount not covered by these sources be considered to have been offset by SLFRF funds, in contravention of the offset provision. Consistent with the statutory text, the approach taken in the interim final rule recognizes that, because money is fungible, even if SLFRF funds are not explicitly or directly used to cover the costs of changes that reduce net tax revenue, those funds may be used in a manner inconsistent with the statute by indirectly being used to substitute for the state’s or territory’s funds that would otherwise have been needed to cover the costs of the reduction. As discussed below, the scope of changes in law, regulation, or interpretation is further limited to those that the recipient government voluntarily enacted during the covered period. Congress has the authority under the Spending Clause in Article I, section 8 of the Constitution to specify the permissible and impermissible uses of federal grants. The Supreme Court has repeatedly ‘‘upheld Congress’s authority to condition the receipt of funds on the States’ complying with restrictions on the use of those funds, because that is the means by which Congress ensures that the funds are spent according to its view of the ‘general Welfare.’’’350 ‘‘The power to keep a watchful eye on expenditures . . . is bound up with congressional authority to spend in the first place.’’351 Assertions that the amount of SLFRF funds are sufficiently large to be coercive are inconsistent with the Supreme Court’s reasoning in NFIB, which distinguished between conditions placed on new federal funds and conditions placed on existing federal funds and not based on the size of funds.352 Further, the conditions placed on the use of SLFRF funds under the ARPA—both the eligible uses and additional limitations on deposits into pension funds and the offset provision—were well known to recipient governments prior to recipient governments requesting to receive SLFRF funds. Finally, the ARPA provides Treasury with the express authority ‘‘to issue such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out’’ section 602, which includes the offset provision. A number of commenters expressed concern regarding the burden associated with complying with the offset provision and the interim final rule. Similarly, other commenters argued that the framework provided in the interim final rule complicated implementation of the offset provision. Treasury took several steps to minimize burden for recipient governments in the interim final rule. For example, the interim final rule incorporates the types of information and modeling already used by states and territories in their own fiscal and budgeting processes. By incorporating existing budgeting processes and capabilities, states and territories will be able to assess and evaluate the relationship of tax and budget decisions to uses of SLFRF funds based on information they likely have or can readily obtain. This approach ensures that recipient governments have the information they need to understand the implications of their decisions regarding the use of SLFRF funds—and, in particular, whether they are using the funds to directly or indirectly offset a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from a change in law, regulation, or interpretation, making the funds potentially subject to recoupment. To further reduce burden, Treasury is considering whether the scope of reporting requirements can be further tailored. As described in greater detail below, Treasury is finalizing its implementation of the offset provision largely without change. This approach is consistent with the text of the ARPA. The remainder of this section discusses and responds to comments on specific aspects of the framework. 1. Definitions Covered change. The offset provision is triggered by a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from ‘‘a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation.’’ Consistent with this language, the interim final rule defines a ‘‘covered change’’ to include any final legislative or regulatory action, a new or changed administrative interpretation, and the phase-in or taking effect of any statute or rule where the phase-in or taking effect was not prescribed prior to the start of the covered period. Thus, the offset provision applies only to actions for which the change in policy occurs during the covered period; it excludes regulations or other actions that implement a change or law substantively enacted prior to March 3, 2021. For example, covered changes do not include a change in rate that is triggered automatically and based on statutory or regulatory criteria in effect prior to the covered period.353 Changed VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00088 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4425 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations Policy Center, How do state earned income tax credits work?, https://www.taxpolicycenter.org/ briefing-book/how-do-state-earned-income-tax- credits-work/ (last visited May 9, 2021). 354 Assistance must be consistent with eligible uses of SLFRF funds. See section Eligible Uses of this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. 355 See Statement on State Fiscal Recovery Funds and Tax Conformity, April 7, 2021, available at https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/ jy0113. 356 U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State and Local Government Finances Glossary, https:// www.census.gov/programs-surveys/state/about/ glossary.html (last visited Apr. 30, 2021). administrative interpretations would not include corrections to replace prior inaccurate interpretations; such corrections would instead be treated as changes implementing legislation enacted or regulations issued prior to the covered period. The operative change in those circumstances is the underlying legislation or regulation that occurred prior to the covered period. Moreover, only changes within the control of the state or territory are considered covered changes. Finally, covered changes do not include changes that simply conform with recent changes in federal law (including those to conform to recent changes in federal taxation of unemployment insurance benefits and taxation of loan forgiveness under the Paycheck Protection Program). Scope of Covered Changes Public Comment: Several commenters argued that the definition of covered change, and thus the limitations of the offset provision, should apply to subsidies for businesses. Similarly, other commenters requested that Treasury clarify that the offset provision applies to tax abatements and reductions in corporate taxes, even if administered by a sub-unit of the recipient government. Citing to empirical research and other evidence, these commenters argued that these types of economic development policies were poorly administered, reduced public sector capacity, and were ineffective at achieving stated objectives of creating jobs, increasing income, and increasing economic growth. On the other hand, some commenters argued that, because subsidies were economically similar to some tax cuts, neither action should be considered a covered change and subject to the offset provision. Finally, other commenters requested that Treasury clarify whether covered changes must be broad-based policies or whether administrative decisions applicable to individuals would be considered covered changes. Treasury Response: Section 602(c)(2)(A) applies to any change that ‘‘reduces any tax (by providing for a reduction in a rate, a rebate, a deduction, a credit, or otherwise or delays the imposition of any tax or tax increase.’’ Accordingly, and consistent with this statutory text, the final rule applies to covered changes that reduce any tax, which can include tax abatements, but does not apply to loans, grants, or other types of interventions that do not reduce tax revenue.354 In addition, by including changes in regulation or administrative interpretation, in addition to changes in law, within the scope of the offset provision, the ARPA recognizes that a recipient government may make a covered change through its legislature or may delegate the authority to make a covered change including, but not limited to, to a sub-unit of government. Treasury has revised the definition of ‘‘covered change’’ in the final rule using the statutory language above to make clear that the offset provision only applies to such changes in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation. With respect to the question of whether covered changes could include administrative decisions applicable to individuals, as discussed above, a covered change includes a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation that reduces any tax. Such changes may apply to one or more individuals or entities, provided that—consistent with the statutory text—they result from a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation. Prior Enactment and Phase-In Public Comment: A number of commenters expressed concern, or requested clarification, regarding changes that were enacted prior to the covered period but take effect or phase- in during the covered period. Several commenters argued that the definition of covered change should include changes that were made prior to the covered period but that phase-in during the covered period. Treasury Response: As discussed above, the offset provision is triggered by a reduction in net tax revenue resulting from ‘‘a change in law, regulation, or administrative interpretation’’ made during the covered period. Consistent with the statutory text, ‘‘covered change’’ is defined to include any final legislative or regulatory action, a new or changed administrative interpretation, and the phase-in or taking effect of any statute or rule where the phase-in or taking effect was not prescribed prior to the start of the covered period. Conformity Public Comment: A number of commenters requested clarification on the scope of covered changes. Specifically, several commenters requested clarification on the scope of changes that would be considered as conforming to recent changes in federal law. These commenters requested that Treasury clarify whether actions to selectively conform with federal law would be considered covered changes and requested clarification regarding the extent to which changes would be considered ‘‘recent.’’ For example, these commenters requested clarification regarding conformance with the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income provision of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Some commenters further argued that changes that selectively conform or decouple from the Internal Revenue Code should be included within scope of covered changes and thus subject to the offset provision. Treasury Response: The final rule maintains the treatment of changes that simply conform with recent changes in federal law, such as those to conform to recent changes in federal taxation of unemployment insurance benefits and taxation of loan forgiveness under the Paycheck Protection Program 355 and including other changes over the past several years. Regardless of the particular method of conformity and the effect on net tax revenue, Treasury views such changes as permissible under the offset provision. Accordingly, and for the reasons discussed above, Treasury is maintaining the definition of covered change without change. Tax revenue. The interim final rule’s definition of ‘‘tax revenue’’ is based on the Census Bureau’s definition of taxes, used for its Annual Survey of State Government Finances.356 It provides a consistent, well-established definition with which states and territories will be familiar and is consistent with the approach taken in section Revenue Loss of this SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION describing the implementation of sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act regarding revenue loss. A number of commenters expressed concern and requested clarification regarding the definition of ‘‘tax revenue.’’ These comments and responses are discussed in section Revenue Loss of this Supplemental Information and, for the reasons discussed above, Treasury is finalizing the definition of tax revenue without VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00089 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4426 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 357 As discussed in section Revenue Loss of this Supplementary Information, for purposes of measuring revenue lost due to the pandemic under sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C), recipients must adjust the amount of revenue lost to reflect changes that resulted from a tax increase or decrease. These adjustments do not apply to or affect the definition of tax revenue. 358 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, GDP Price Deflator, https:// www.bea.gov/data/prices-inflation/gdp-price- deflator (last visited Apr. 30, 2021). The FY 2019 baseline revenue is adjusted annually for inflation to allow for direct comparison of actual tax revenue in each year (reported in nominal terms) to baseline revenue in common units of measurement; without inflation adjustment, each dollar of reported actual tax revenue would be worth less than each dollar of baseline revenue expressed in 2019 terms. 359 Economy Statement by Catherine Wolfram, Acting Assistant Secretary for Economy Policy, for the Treasury Borrowing Advisory Committee November 1, 2021 (Nov. 1, 2021), available at https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/ jy0453. 360 One commenter requested clarification that references to fiscal year refer to the fiscal year of the recipient. ‘‘Reporting year’’ is defined in the interim final rule and final rule to mean ‘‘a single year or partial year within the covered period, aligned to the current fiscal year of the State or Territory during the covered period.’’ 361 By permitting recipient governments to use actual or estimated values, the interim final rule and final rule provide flexibility to recipients and thus minimizes burden. change and maintaining a consistent definition of ‘‘tax revenue.’’357 Baseline. For purposes of measuring a reduction in net tax revenue, the interim final rule measures actual changes in tax revenue relative to a revenue baseline (baseline). The baseline is calculated as fiscal year 2019 (FY 2019) tax revenue indexed for inflation in each year of the covered period, with inflation calculated using the Bureau of Economic Analysis’s Implicit Price Deflator.358 Public Comment: Some commenters expressed concern regarding the choice of FY 2019 as the baseline, arguing that the choice lacked justification and would make the offset provision more restrictive as applied to recipient governments that experienced a decline in revenue independent of making any covered changes. Treasury Response: Measuring a ‘‘reduction’’ in net tax revenue requires identification of a baseline. In other words, a ‘‘reduction’’ can be assessed only by comparing two amounts. The Act defines ‘‘covered period’’ to begin on March 3, 2021, and thus the baseline year must end prior to March 3, 2021. As discussed in the interim final rule, FY 2019 is the last full fiscal year prior to the COVID–19 public health emergency, and thus is consistent with the statutory definition and does not include the extraordinary effects of the pandemic that began in 2020. Further, as discussed above, the interim final rule recognizes three potential ways that a recipient government may offset or ‘‘pay for’’ a reduction in net tax revenue due to a covered change: Increases in taxes, decreases in spending, and organic revenue growth. U.S. gross domestic product rebounded to exceed its pre-pandemic level in 2021,359 suggesting that an FY 2019 pre- pandemic baseline is a reasonable comparator for future revenue levels and provides recipients with flexibility to identify organic growth as a permissible offset. Finally, this baseline year is consistent with the approach directed by sections 602(c)(1)(C) and 603(c)(1)(C), which identify the ‘‘most recent full fiscal year of the [state, territory, or Tribal government] prior to the emergency’’ as the comparator for measuring revenue loss. For these reasons, Treasury is finalizing the definition of ‘‘baseline’’ without change. The interim final rule includes several other definitions that are applicable to the implementation of the offset provision, such as the term ‘‘reporting year.’’360 Commenters did not express concern regarding other definitions in the interim final rule. 2. Framework The interim final rule provides a step- by-step framework, to be used in each reporting year, to determine whether a state or territory used SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in net tax revenue. Consistent with section 602(c)(2) and the interim final rule, the final rule applies to states and territories: (1) Covered changes that reduce tax revenue. Under the interim final rule, a recipient government identifies and values covered changes that the recipient government predicts will have the effect of reducing tax revenue in a given reporting year, similar to the way it would in the ordinary course of its budgeting process. The interim final rule states that the value of these covered changes may be reported based on estimated values produced by a budget model, incorporating reasonable assumptions, that aligns with the recipient government’s existing approach for measuring the effects of fiscal policies, and that measures these effects relative to a current law baseline. If the recipient would prefer, the covered changes may also be reported based on actual values using a statistical methodology to isolate the change in year-over-year revenue attributable to the covered change(s), relative to the current law baseline prior to the change(s).361 Further, estimation approaches may not use dynamic methodologies that incorporate the projected effects of macroeconomic growth because macroeconomic growth is accounted for separately in the framework. Estimation Public Comment: A number of commenters expressed concern that estimating the value of covered changes required a number of assumptions and that the actual effects of covered changes on tax revenue would be difficult to predict. Several commenters expressed support for the interim final rule’s approach to dynamic scoring methodologies, and one commenter argued that the final rule should prohibit the use of prior cash balances in calculations of permissible tax cuts. Treasury Response: Treasury recognizes that estimating the effects of covered changes requires assumptions and that many other factors influence the amount of tax revenue received. The interim final rule addresses these concerns in several ways. First, in general and where possible, reporting should be produced by the agency of the recipient government responsible for estimating the costs and effects of fiscal policy changes. This approach offers recipient governments the flexibility to determine their reporting methodology based on their existing budget scoring practices and capabilities. In addition, by relying on scoring methodologies that do not incorporate projected effects of macroeconomic growth, the estimation of the value of covered changes relies on fewer assumptions and thus provide greater consistency among states and territories. Finally, as discussed below, the interim final rule includes a de minimis threshold, below which the sum of covered changes will be deemed not to have any revenue- reducing effects. Timing of the Impact of Covered Changes Public Comment: Several commenters expressed concern that recipient governments, to evade the offset provision, may backload the costs of certain covered changes outside of the covered period, and advocated that covered changes be instead evaluated as the net present value in the year that the covered change is enacted. These commenters argued that some tax cuts could have effects on tax revenue for many decades or could be structured to take effect after the end of the covered period. Treasury Response: As discussed in section Timeline for Use of SLFRF Funds, SLFRF funds must be used to cover costs incurred prior to December 31, 2024. Accordingly, SLFRF funds VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00090 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4427 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 362 Data provided by the Urban-Brookings Tax Policy Center for state-level EITC changes for 2004– 2017. generally would not be able to offset a reduction in net tax revenue occurring after December 31, 2024. For these reasons, Treasury is maintaining this element of the interim final rule without change. (2) In excess of the de minimis. Under the framework established in the interim final rule, after establishing that a covered change occurred, the recipient government next calculates the total value of all covered changes in the reporting year resulting in revenue reductions, identified in Step 1. If the total value of the revenue reductions resulting from these changes is below the de minimis level, the recipient government is deemed not to have any revenue-reducing changes for the purpose of determining the recognized net reduction. If the total is above the de minimis level, the recipient government must identify sources of in-year revenue to cover the full costs of changes that reduce tax revenue. Under the interim final rule, the de minimis level is calculated as 1 percent of the reporting year’s baseline. Public Comment: Many commenters supported the inclusion of the de minimis, noting that the de minimis protects recipients from penalty resulting from minor or incidental changes, minimizes administrative burden, and enhances predictability of the application of the offset provision. Some commenters expressed concern that the fixed threshold could result in cliff effects. Treasury Response: A clear de minimis threshold supports recipient governments’ compliance with the offset provision. A de minimis level recognizes the inherent challenges and uncertainties that recipient governments face, and thus allows relatively small reductions in tax revenue without consequence. In other words, states and territories may make many small changes to alter the composition of their tax revenues or implement other policies with marginal effects on tax revenues. They may also make changes based on projected revenue effects that turn out to differ from actual effects, unintentionally resulting in minor revenue changes that are not fairly described as ‘‘resulting from’’ tax law changes. However, a de minimis does not automatically result in consequences under the offset provision, since a recipient government could demonstrate that other, non- SLFRF funds to offset a net reduction in tax revenue. Accordingly, any cliff effects associated with a clear de minimis threshold are mitigated by other aspects of the framework. Public Comment: Commenters expressed a range of views regarding the amount of the de minimis. Some commenters argued that the de minimis was too generous, noting that the choice of 1 percent could, in some cases, permit reductions in net tax revenue of hundreds of millions of dollars. These commenters advocated that the de minimis be lowered (e.g., to 25 basis points) or be tied to a fixed amount. Other commenters argued that the choice of de minimis was not well supported by the statute, advocated for a larger de minimis and suggested that the amount be tied to the recipient government’s total expenditures in the prior fiscal year. Treasury Response: Treasury adopted a de minimis threshold as an administrative accommodation for the reasons discussed above. As discussed in the interim final rule, Treasury determined that the 1 percent de minimis level reflects the historical reductions in revenue due to minor changes in state fiscal policies and was determined by assessing the historical effects of state-level tax policy changes in state EITCs implemented to effect policy goals other than reducing net tax revenues.362 For these reasons, Treasury is adopting the 1 percent de minimis without change. (3) Safe harbor. Next, under the interim final rule, if the revenue reduction caused by the covered changes exceeds the 1 percent de minimis threshold, the recipient government compares the reporting year’s actual tax revenue to the baseline. If actual tax revenue is greater than the baseline, Treasury will deem the recipient government not to have any recognized net reduction for the reporting year, and therefore to be in a safe harbor and outside the ambit of the offset provision. This approach is consistent with the ARPA, which contemplates recoupment of SLFRF funds only in the event that such funds are used to offset a reduction in net tax revenue. If net tax revenue has not been reduced, the offset provision does not apply. In the event that actual tax revenue is above the baseline, the organic revenue growth that has occurred, plus any other revenue-raising changes, by definition must have been enough to offset the in-year costs of any covered changes. One commenter argued that the offset for organic growth be adjusted to reflect population growth. To minimize administrative burden, and for the reasons discussed above, Treasury is maintaining the measurement of actual tax revenue without adjustment for population growth. (4) Consideration of other sources of funding. The recipient government will then identify and calculate the total value of changes that could pay for revenue reduction due to covered changes and sum these items. This amount can be used to pay for up to the total value of revenue-reducing changes in the reporting year. These changes consist of two categories: (a) Tax and other increases in revenue. The recipient government must identify and consider covered changes in policy that the recipient government predicts will have the effect of increasing general revenue in a given reporting year. Recipient governments should use the same approach to identify and value covered changes that increase tax revenue as applied to covered changes that reduce tax revenue. For the reasons discussed above, Treasury is adopting these aspects of identifying and valuing covered changes without change. (b) Covered spending cuts. A recipient government also may cut spending in certain areas to pay for covered changes that reduce tax revenue, up to the amount of the recipient government’s net reduction in total spending as described below. These changes must be reductions in government outlays in an area where the recipient government has not spent SLFRF funds. To better align with existing reporting and accounting, the interim final rule considers the department, agency, or authority from which spending has been cut and whether the recipient government has spent SLFRF funds on that same department, agency, or authority. If the recipient government has not spent SLFRF funds in a department, agency, or authority, the full amount of the reduction in spending counts as a covered spending cut, up to the recipient government’s net reduction in total spending. If they have spent SLFRF funds in such department, agency, or authority, the SLFRF funds generally would be deemed to have replaced the amount of spending cut and only reductions in spending above the amount of SLFRF funds spent on the department, agency, or authority would count. This approach—allowing only spending reductions in areas where the recipient government has not spent SLFRF funds to be used as an offset for a reduction in net tax revenue—aims to prevent recipient governments from using SLFRF funds to supplant state or territory funding in the eligible use VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00091 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4428 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 363 This cap is applied in section 35.8(c) of the final rule, calculating the amount of funds used in violation of the tax offset provision. 364 See Reporting Guidance, Section C.11, available at https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/ 136/SLFRF-Compliance-and-Reporting- Guidance.pdf. areas, and then using those state or territory funds to offset tax cuts. Such an approach helps ensure that SLFRF funds are not used to ‘‘indirectly’’ offset revenue reductions due to covered changes. Department, Agency, or Authority Public Comment: Several commenters supported the interim final rule’s approach to considering spending cuts at the department, agency, or authority level, on the basis that this approach is supported by the statutory language prohibiting SLFRF funds from being used to ‘‘directly or indirectly’’ offset a reduction in net tax revenue. On the other hand, some commenters argued that the methodology for identifying offsetting spending cuts was too restrictive; specifically, that measurement at the agency or department-level may not adequately account for the size and various programs that could occur in one agency or department. One commenter argued that recipient governments should instead be permitted to consider spending cuts on a more granular sub- unit of a department but noted that this additional flexibility would come at the cost of transparency and clarity. Treasury Comment: Treasury recognizes that some recipients may vary in their budgeting processes, with some budgeting on a department level and others budgeting at more or less granular sub-units of government. Relying on spending at a department, agency, or authority level allows recipient governments to report how SLFRF funds have been spent using reporting units already incorporated into their budgeting process. Spending Cuts Baseline Under the interim final rule, to calculate the amount of spending cuts that are available to offset a reduction in tax revenue, the recipient government must first consider whether there has been a reduction in total net spending, excluding SLFRF funds (net reduction in total spending). This approach ensures that reported spending cuts actually create fiscal space, rather than simply offset other spending increases. A net reduction in total spending is measured as the difference between total spending in each reporting year, excluding SLFRF funds spent, relative to total spending for the recipient’s fiscal year ending in 2019, adjusted for inflation. Measuring reductions in spending relative to 2019 reflects the fact that the fiscal space created by a spending cut persists so long as spending remains below its original level, even if it does not decline further, relative to the same amount of revenue. Public Comment: Several commenters expressed concern regarding the measurement of spending cuts relative to the recipient’s FY 2019, for example arguing that the choice did not take into account increases in spending in 2020. As one commenter noted, the fiscal year 2020 required extraordinary intervention by recipient governments and the ongoing public health emergency continues to require extraordinary intervention. Treasury Response: FY 2019 provides a reasonable and relatively generous baseline for considering spending because it is the last full fiscal year prior to the COVID–19 public health emergency and governments’ extraordinary efforts to address the impact of the pandemic. This approach also aligns with the FY 2019 baseline for measuring revenue loss. Measuring spending cuts from year to year would, by contrast, not recognize any available funds to offset revenue reductions unless spending continued to decline, failing to reflect the actual availability of funds created by a persistent change and limiting the discretion of states and territories. For the reasons discussed above, Treasury is adopting the approach taken in the interim final rule without change. (5) Identification of amounts subject to recoupment. If a recipient government (i) reports covered changes that reduce tax revenue (Step 1); (ii) to a degree greater than the de minimis (Step 2); (iii) has experienced a reduction in net tax revenue (Step 3); and (iv) lacks sufficient revenue from other, permissible sources to pay for the entirety of the reduction (Step 4), then the recipient government will be considered to have used SLFRF funds to offset a reduction in net tax revenue, up to the amount that revenue has actually declined. That is, the maximum value of the reduction revenue due to covered changes that a recipient government must cover is capped at the difference between the baseline and actual tax revenue.363 In the event that the baseline is above actual tax revenue but the difference between them is less than the sum of revenue reducing changes that are not paid for with other, permissible sources, organic revenue growth has implicitly offset a portion of the reduction. The revenue reduction cap implements this approach for permitting organic revenue growth to cover the cost of tax cuts. Finally, a recipient government may request reconsideration of any amounts identified in a notice from Treasury as subject to recoupment under this framework. Comments and responses to the recoupment process are discussed in section Remediation and Recoupment of this Supplemental Information. 3. Reporting To facilitate the implementation of the framework above, and in addition to reporting required on eligible uses, recipient governments are required to report certain information. The interim final rule indicated that Treasury would provide additional guidance at a later date and that, on an annual basis, it expected each recipient government would be required to provide the following information: •Actual net tax revenue for the reporting year; •Each revenue-reducing change made to date during the covered period and the in-year value of each change; •Each revenue-raising change made to date during the covered period and the in-year value of each change; and •Each covered spending cut made to date during the covered period, the in- year value of each cut, and documentation demonstrating that each spending cut is covered as prescribed under the interim final rule. Since the adoption of the interim final rule, Treasury has provided guidance on reporting regarding eligible uses and has required recipient governments to indicate whether they have made covered changes and the value of such changes.364 Reporting Burden Public Comment: Some commenters argued that the framework for identifying and reporting impermissible offsets was burdensome and that the burdens should be accounted for under Executive Order 13132 (Federalism, August 4, 1999). Treasury Response: Taking into consideration comments received regarding burden, Treasury is considering a tiered approach to reporting on the offset provision. Specifically, under this approach, a recipient would only be required to report information to the extent needed to determine whether SLFRF funds had been used to offset a reduction in net tax revenue. For example, a recipient government would be required to report VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00092 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4429 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 365 ‘‘[G]overnment services would not include interest or principal on any outstanding debt instrument, including, for example, short-term revenue or tax anticipation notes, or fees or issuance costs associated with the issuance of new debt. For the same reasons, government services would not include satisfaction of any obligation arising under or pursuant to a settlement agreement, judgment, consent decree, or judicially confirmed debt restructuring in a judicial, administrative, or regulatory proceeding, except if the judgment or settlement required the provision of government services.’’ 86 FR 26796–97 (May 17, 2021). information regarding permissible offsets only if it had also reported covered changes that were in excess of the de minimis and had reported a net reduction in tax revenue. Treasury will provide additional guidance and instructions on the reporting requirements at a later date. As discussed in section Regulatory Analyses of this Supplemental Information, Treasury maintains that the final rule does not have federalism implications within the meaning of Executive Order 13132 (Federalism, August 4, 1999). In the ARPA, Congress requires states and territories to repay the Secretary for amounts used in violation of the prohibition on using SLFRF funds to offset reductions in net tax revenue, and it authorizes the Secretary to issue regulations to carry out this limitation and other requirements of the statute. Section 6(b) of Executive Order 13132 contemplates that certain regulations will be required by statute, as is the case with the interim final rule and the final rule, in which case section 6(b)(2)(B)’s requirement to include a federalism summary impact statement in the Supplementary Information to the regulation does not apply. Notwithstanding the above, Treasury has engaged in efforts to consult and work cooperatively with affected state, local, and Tribal government officials and associations in the process of developing the interim final rule. Reporting Transparency Public Comment: Several commenters argued that information supporting the net tax offset calculation should be publicly available. Some of these commenters requested that reporting be made available in a machine-readable format, and others advocated that recipient governments disclose this information on their local budget agency’s website. These commenters argued that making information regarding tax changes publicly available would increase transparency and accountability. Further, several commenters suggested that Treasury provide a mechanism for citizens to register their concerns about particular tax actions. Treasury Response: As discussed in other sections, reporting requirements promote transparency and accountability for the general public and constituents of recipient governments to understand how state, local, and Tribal governments have used SLFRF funds. Since the publication of the interim final rule, Treasury issued supplementary reporting guidance in the Compliance and Reporting Guidance and in the User Guide: Treasury’s Portal for Recipient Reporting (User Guide), which addresses the particular content and form of required reporting. Treasury will continue to issue updated guidance prior to each reporting period clarifying any modifications to requested report content and will continue to consider how reporting can best support transparency and accountability while minimizing recipient administrative burden. Further, as discussed in the section Remediation and Recoupment, Treasury may address potential violations of this final rule based on both information submitted from recipients, either through quarterly reports or self-reporting, and from other sources of information (e.g., information submitted from the public). 2. Deposit Into Pension Funds Background: Subsection 602(c)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act provides that ‘‘[n]o State or territory may use funds made available under this section for deposit into any pension fund.’’ Similarly, subsection 603(c)(2) of the Social Security Act provides that ‘‘[n]o metropolitan city, nonentitlement unit of local government, or county may use funds made available under this section for deposit into any pension fund.’’ For purposes of this restriction on pension deposits, the interim final rule defined deposit to mean ‘‘an extraordinary payment of an accrued, unfunded liability.’’ The interim final rule also specified that a deposit does not include routine contributions made as part of a payroll obligation, such as the normal cost component of a pension contribution or the component that consists of amortization of unfunded liabilities calculated by reference to the employer’s payroll costs. The interim final rule applied the restriction on pension deposits to all recipients. Public Comment: Several commenters observed that the statutory restriction on deposits into pension funds does not apply to Tribal governments. Treasury Response: In response, Treasury is clarifying in the final rule that the pension restriction does not apply to Tribal governments. Public Comment: Treasury also received a comment expressing concern that the interim final rule permitted recipients to make a larger than usual pension contribution, so long as the timing of that contribution aligns with the historical timing of contributions. Treasury Response: The interim final rule prohibited the use of SLFRF funds from the ARPA to make extraordinary payments, and the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION to the interim final rule said that a payment would be an extraordinary payment if it reduces a liability incurred prior to the start of the COVID–19 public health emergency and occurs outside the recipient’s regular timing for making the payment. At the same time, however, as suggested by the comment Treasury received, a payment made at the regular time for pension contributions may very well be an extraordinary payment, for example, if it is larger than a regular payment would have been. Such a payment would be a restricted use. Public Comment: Other commenters asked which pension contributions are permitted. Treasury Response: To be an eligible use of SLFRF funds, a use must (1) be eligible under one of the eligible use categories and (2) not contravene any of the applicable restrictions on uses of funds. Some pension contributions may be eligible because they both fit within an eligible use category and do not contravene the restriction on deposits into pension funds (i.e., they are not an extraordinary payment of an accrued, unfunded liability). For example, payroll and covered benefits for public health and safety staff responding to COVID–19 are an eligible use of funds to respond to the public health and negative economic impacts of the pandemic; routine pension contributions as part of an employee’s regular covered benefits are permissible under that eligible use category. B. Other Restrictions on Use of Funds 1. Debt Service and Replenishing Financial Reserves The SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION to the interim final rule provided that debt service is not an eligible use of funds either to respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts or as a provision of government services to the extent of revenue loss.365 The interim final rule also provided that replenishing financial reserves (e.g., rainy day funds) is not an eligible use of funds either to respond to the public health emergency or its negative economic impacts or as a provision of VerDate Sep<11>2014 19:24 Jan 26, 2022 Jkt 256001 PO 00000 Frm 00093 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4700 E:\FR\FM\27JAR2.SGM 27JAR2 lotter on DSK11XQN23PROD with RULES2 4430 Federal Register /Vol. 87, No. 18/Thursday, January 27, 2022/Rules and Regulations 366 ‘‘In addition, replenishing financial reserves (e.g., rainy day or other reserve funds) would not be considered provision of a government service, since such expenses do not directly relate to the provision of government services.’’ 367 Table Z.1 of the Financial Accounts of the United States, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and Table 1.1.5 of National Income and Product Accounts, Bureau of Economic Analysis. government services to the extent of revenue loss.366 As explained in greater det